1.5: Time and Motion
1. Traditional visual arts, such as painting, are inherently static, but artists have always found
inventive ways of conveying the elements of ________ and ________.
a.
time . . . motion
d.
red . . . yellow
b.
rhythm . . . music
e.
speed . . . excitement
c.
fast . . . slow
f.
height . . . width
2. When painters in the workshop of the fifteenth-century artist known as the Master of Osservanza
illustrated The Meeting of St. Anthony and St. Paul, they solved the problem of how to ________
in a single painting by merging a series of episodes into one picture.
a.
tell a story
d.
portray two saints
b.
mix colors
e.
create a setting
c.
save space
3. Nancy Holt created this work, which intertwines the passage of time with the movement of the sun.
a.
Cataract 3
d.
Finding Nemo
b.
Apollo and Daphne
e.
Sublimate (Cloud Cover)
c.
Solar Rotary
4. Duration, tempo, intensity, scope, setting, and chronology are:
a.
basic attributes of time
d.
central tenets of time-based art
b.
attributes of film
e.
all of the other answers
c.
terms that describe time
5. This inventor co-created the film Fred Ott’s Sneeze, which was one of the first American movies.
a.
William Faulkner
d.
Robert Fulton
b.
Thomas Edison
e.
Alexander Graham Bell
c.
Albert Einstein
6. If the action portrayed in the early film Fred Ott’s Sneeze was not a sneeze, but a man simply
wiping his nose, this would have an effect on the level of intensity in the movie. The movie would
be ________.
a.
less intense
d.
a bit more intense
b.
much more intense
e.
all of the other answers
c.
the same level
7. This American novelist noted that the “aim of every artist is to arrest motion.”
a.
Ernest Hemingway
d.
Mark Twain
b.
J. D. Salinger
e.
William Faulkner
c.
Edgar Allan Poe
8. When an artist employs visual clues to suggest movement in a work of art that is static and
motionless, this is known as ________.
a.
stroboscopic motion
d.
implied motion
b.
actual motion
e.
slow motion
c.
rapid motion
9. Bernini’s sculpture of Apollo and Daphne is based on a mythological story in which a god pursues
a nymph. The artist used diagonal lines and flowing drapery to convey the ________ of the chase.
a.
stillness
d.
proportion
b.
color
e.
composition
c.
movement
10. The Italian Futurist artist Giacomo Balla implied motion by repetition and inference in his work
________ of a Dog on a Leash.
a.
Vision
d.
Movement
b.
Picture
e.
Texture
c.
Dynamism
11. The Italian Futurist artist Giacomo Balla illustrated the rapid movement of a dog running on a
leash by painting a series of ________ in order to give the impression that we are seeing motion as
it happens.
a.
colorful dots
d.
many dogs
b.
repeating marks
e.
dark shadows
c.
geometric shapes
12. If a figure in an artwork has drapery billowing out behind it, and appears to have multiple feet in
different positions, the viewer might assume that this figure is ________.
a.
running forwards
d.
slowly stepping to the side
b.
skipping backwards
e.
none of the other answers
c.
standing still
13. When an artist creates a work that deceives our eyes into believing there is motion as time passes,
this is called ________.
a.
actual motion
d.
the illusion of motion
b.
implied motion
e.
performance art
c.
stroboscopic motion
14. Jenny Holzer created an illusion of motion using a spiraling electronic message board in this New
York museum designed by Frank Lloyd Wright.
a.
Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum
b.
Metropolitan Museum of Art
c.
Museum of Modern Art
d.
Whitney Museum of American Art
e.
Frick Collection
15. This art movement of the 1960s relies on perceptual anomalies of the human eye to create dynamic
effects.
a.
Bioart
d.
Film noir
b.
Pop art
e.
Op art
c.
Futurism
16. This artist, who created the work Cataract 3, used the natural movement of the human eye to
create illusions of motion.
a.
Jenny Holzer
d.
Alexander Calder
b.
Bridget Riley
e.
Dorothea Lange
c.
Nancy Holt
17. The kind of motion that is created by showing a series of static images in quick succession is called
________.
a.
stroboscopic motion
d.
actual motion
b.
implied motion
e.
artificial motion
c.
illusion of motion
18. This spinning toy gives a sense of motion to a viewer when he or she looks through small slits in
its cylindrical drum at a strip of changing pictures.
a.
magic lantern
d.
kinetoscope
b.
zoetrope
e.
cinematograph
c.
zoopraxiscope
19. Disney’s Finding Nemo is an example of a series of computer-generated images played in rapid
succession. This medium is called ________.
a.
kinetic sculpture
d.
animation
b.
film noir
e.
painting
c.
zoetrope
20. In his film Run Lola Run, Tom Tykwer extends the ________ of the storyline beyond the everyday
passage of time by “rebooting” Lola’s journey multiple times.
a.
scope
d.
background
b.
color
e.
tempo
c.
angle
21. This kind of motion is occurring when we see movement in real life.
a.
implied motion
d.
illusion of motion
b.
actual motion
e.
artificial motion
c.
stroboscopic motion
22. This type of art can only exist in one place and time in history.
a.
ceramics
d.
narrative painting
b.
performance art
e.
collage
c.
Futurism
23. This medium involves the human body and usually includes the artist.
a.
performance art
d.
narrative painting
b.
bioart
e.
collage
c.
Futurism
24. Discuss how performance art differs from other types of performances, such as music, athletics, or
theater. Why is performance art different? When confronted by a performance work, how can you
tell the difference between it and other disciplines?
25. Performance artists the Blue Man Group rely on bodily movements to communicate ideas without
speech.
26. This type of sculpture can move and change its visual form.
a.
relief
d.
geometric
b.
in the round
e.
contemporary
c.
kinetic
27. Alexander Calder invented the ________, a type of suspended, balanced sculpture that uses air
currents to power its movement.
a.
zoetrope
d.
relief
b.
stabile
e.
mobile
c.
mime
28. If Alexander Calder’s Untitled mobile was powered by a small motor, rather than air currents, it
would not be an example of actual motion.
29. The elements of time and motion are not applicable to the art of photography.
30. The sequence of photographs Dorothea Lange took of a migrant family in 1936 shows how
photographers move around their subject and anticipate the right time to capture the image they
seek. In this way, photography is still deeply concerned with the elements of ________ and time.
a.
motion
d.
volume
b.
color
e.
texture
c.
light
31. Motion is not the only indicator of the passage of time in art. ________ use the changing
properties of organic material to create a sense of time passing in their art.
a.
Impressionists
d.
Surrealists
b.
Fauvists
e.
Pointillists
c.
Bioartists
32. In her work Astroculture (Shelf Life) bioartist Suzanne Anker experiments with growing plants in
artificial light for use in ________.
a.
outer space
d.
farming
b.
painting
e.
underwater cities
c.
art museums
33. Ron Lambert’s sculptural work Sublimate (Cloud Cover) replicates the natural process of the water
cycle to illustrate the ________.
a.
weather
d.
outside world
b.
passage of time
e.
sun
c.
color of rain
34. The sculptural work Sublimate (Cloud Cover) by Ron Lambert measures time based on the process
of evaporation and condensation. Can you name three other natural processes that give us a sense
of time?