91. (p. 605) In a network computing system, computational tasks are handled by personal computers, but the
information needed to complete the tasks is stored in databases controlled by a server.
92. (p. 605) A disadvantage of network systems is that they create barriers that limit communication across
functional boundaries.
93. (p. 605) Computing costs go up with productivity losses as a company upgrades and troubleshoots equipment
as well as trains employees to use the system.
94. (p. 606) A thin-client network is a hybrid between the mainframe system and network computing.
95. (p. 606) A drawback of thin-client networks is that each user is connected to a dumb terminal, so they can no
longer make use of Windows applications that are available in a network computing system.
96. (p. 606) Application service providers rented access to the latest software applications to firms via an Internet
connection.
97. (p. 606) Application service providers have met with a great deal of success in recent years as more and more
firms have decided to rent software rather than buy it.
98. (p. 606) IBM now offers pay-as-you-go computing services, allowing firms to outsource their IT functions.
99. (p. 605) Y-5 Connections manufactures wireless equipment for laptop computers and PDAs. Current trends
suggest that Y-5 should find the market for its products has strong growth potential.
100. (p. 605) One reason many firms rely on a network computing system is the low cost of maintaining the
system once it is up and running.
101. (p. 606) Thincom, Inc. recently replaced its computer network system with a thin-client network. This
approach will probably save the company money by reducing the cost of software upgrades.
102. (p. 606) Software Central is a small new company that allows firms to rent access to a variety of popular
business productivity software programs and business services via the Internet. Recent evidence suggests that
Software Central is likely to grow rapidly as it finds widespread acceptance for its services.
103. (p. 605) A disadvantage of a network computer system is that it limits the ability of employees to gain access
to all of the information they need in its most relevant form.
104. (p. 606) Computer software provides the instructions that enable users to tell the computer what to do.
105. (p. 606) When purchasing a computer system, the best approach is to select the hardware first, then purchase
software that will function effectively on that type of hardware.
107. (p. 606) Shareware is distributed to potential users at no charge, but the users are asked to send a specified fee
to the software’s developer if the program meets their needs and they decide to use it.
108. (p. 606) Shareware is software that allows two or more workers to share the same computer by logging on
under different names.
109. (p. 606) Public domain software is software that is free for the taking.
110. (p. 606) The shareware concept has contributed to a significant drop in the price of software.
111. (p. 607, figure B.2) Word processing software enables office workers to quickly update or revise forms, letters,
contracts, and memos without having to retype the whole document.
112. (p. 607, figure B.2) Desktop publishing software combines word processing with graphics capabilities.
113. (p. 607, figure B.2) The three most popular word processing programs are Lotus 1-2-3, Quattro Pro, and Excel.
114. (p. 607, figure B.2) A spreadsheet is the electronic equivalent of an accountant’s worksheet, allowing the user to
115. (p. 607, figure B.2) A personal information manager (PIM) is simply a small spreadsheet file that can be
downloaded to a PDA.
116. (p. 607, figure B.2) Personal information managers (PIMs) are a new type of hardware that some experts believe
will ultimately replace laptop computers.
117. (p. 607, figure B.2) Database programs allow users to enter information such as employee or customer names,
phone numbers, and addresses. These programs can also be used to organize and display this information and
create reports.
118. (p. 607, figure B.2) A personal information manager (PIM) is a special kind of database program that allows a
user to keep track of communications with business contacts.
119. (p. 607, figure B.2) Integrated software bundles two or more applications into one package.
120. (p. 607, figure B.2) Software designed to help people to work collaboratively and share ideas is called shareware.
121. (p. 607, figure B.2) Groupware runs on a network, and allows people to work on the same project at the same
time.
122. (p. 606) Because computer hardware is so much more expensive than software, businesses should first decide
what type of hardware to buy; then purchase software that is compatible with the hardware.
123. (p. 606) Jimmy Bartlett just got some computer software free of charge. When he installed the program and
ran it the first time, it displayed a copyright notice and a message saying that he could use the software for thirty
days with no charge, but should send $40 to the software developer if he continues using the program after the
trial period. The type of software Jimmy is using is known as shareware.
124. (p. 607, figure B.2) Evelyn Rowe works in the human resources office of a large corporation. She regularly uses
software to enter, organize, and look up information about the company’s employees, such as their full names,
addresses, current job title, years of service, and the amount of sick leave available. The type of software Evelyn
uses is known as a data mine.
125. (p. 607, figure B.2) The main advantage message center software has over communications software is that it
enables different types of computers to communicate with each other.
126. (p. 607, figure B.2) Julie Felt is starting her own business. She needs word processing, database, and spreadsheet
software to handle the needs of her new firm. Julie wants to make sure that all of these programs run smoothly
together and can share information easily. One way for Julie to satisfy her software needs would be to purchase
an integrated software package.
127. (p. 607, figure B.2) Several employees at Ceethru Windows are working on a project to develop a new marketing
campaign. The workers are finding it hard to get together on a regular basis to share ideas and collaborate
efficiently. This difficulty suggests that the workers could benefit from the use of groupware.
128. (p. 608) The less creative a business task is, the more likely it is that computers will manage the task.
129. (p. 608) Many bureaucratic functions can be replaced by computer technology.
130. (p. 608) The use of computers increases the number of layers of management, resulting in taller
organizations.
131. (p. 608) Even high-tech companies that specialize in computer-related products and services often outsource
technology training.
132. (p. 608) One of the most revolutionary effects of computer networks is that they give employees the ability to
do much of their work at home.
133. (p. 608) Telecommuting is popular with workers, but it is costly for businesses.
134. (p. 609) One problem with telecommuting is that it can cause workers to feel like they are isolated and left out
of the office loop.
135. (p. 609) On average American citizens now work fewer hours than workers in most European and Asian
countries.
136. (p. 610) The increasing use of computer networks has made computer security more complicated.
137. (p. 610) The use of antivirus software completely eliminates the risk of downloading infected files.
138. (p. 610) Existing laws do not adequately address the problems of today’s direct real-time communication.
139. (p. 610) A computer virus is a piece of programming code that is inserted into other programming code with
the intention of causing some unexpected, and usually undesirable, event for the user of the software.
140. (p. 610) In the area of electronic communications, the main focus of corporate and government security
officials today is the prevention of credit card fraud.
141. (p. 610) Today the primary concern of corporate and government security officials concerning electronic
communication is in the area of cyber terrorism.
142. (p. 611) As the result of the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, managers of most major corporations
have become much more willing to give the government extensive access to information about problems with
electronic communication such as viruses and attacks by hackers.
143. (p. 611) The Critical Infrastructure Protection Board was established after the terrorist attacks of September
11, 2001 as part of the Office of Homeland Security.
144. (p. 611) It is illegal for companies to scan e-mails written by their employees at work unless the employees
have given permission in advance or the firm has received approval from a federal judge.
145. (p. 611) Most e-mail messages are automatically encrypted to protect them from being intercepted and read
by hackers.
146. (p. 611) Websites often send “cookies” to a user’s computer that are saved on the computer’s hard drive.
147. (p. 611) There are sites on the Internet that provide web surfers with easy access to personal information
about other people.
148. (p. 612) When spyware is inadvertently downloaded to a user’s computer the software tracks the user’s online
behavior. Spyware is installed without the user’s knowledge and can infect the computer with a virus.
149. (p. 612) Computer technology has become so stable and mature in recent years that, except for problems
caused by viruses and hackers, major glitches are essentially a thing of the past.
150. (p. 613) The cause of almost all instability in computer systems can be traced to poorly designed hardware.
151. (p. 610) One advantage of networked computers is that they offer much greater computer security than the
older mainframe systems.
152. (p. 610) The Internet has greatly slowed the spread of computer viruses by making it possible to share
programs and files by downloading them from on-line sources rather than sharing diskettes.
153. (p. 608-609) Studies have shown that all types of workers are likely to become more productive when they are
allowed to telecommute.
154. (p. 609) Barb Daley has all the technological tools—a laptop computer with built-in wi-fi, a cellular phone,
and a personal digital assistant that she can take with her wherever she goes. The computer in her study at home
has a cable modem that provides a broadband connection to her company’s intranet. If Barb is like most
Americans who have access to all of this modern technology, she will enjoy a much shorter workweek than
workers in less technologically advanced nations.
155. (p. 611) Mick Connors works for the Critical Infrastructure Protection Board. One of the major challenges
Mick is likely to face is to get CIOs at major corporations to provide the type of information he needs to help
his board achieve its mission.
156. (p. 609) Computers are rapidly replacing workers as the main source of most creative ideas used by
businesses.
157. (p. 612) Heidi Luking has discovered that several of the Internet sites she has visited recently downloaded
small files to her computer’s hard drive even though she did not request them. The files Heidi discovered are
known as crackers.
158. (p. 611) Larry Kotter has just learned that his company has been reading the e-mail messages he has sent
while at work without getting his permission. Harry can sue the company for invasion of privacy under the
Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1997.
159. (p. 596) In the 1970s, business technology was known as:
D. systems analysis.
160. (p. 596) ____________ are raw, unanalyzed, and unorganized facts and figures.
A. Statistics
161. (p. 596) The primary role of business technology during the 1970s was to:
A. empower workers by giving them access to ever-greater amounts of information.
162. (p. 596) During the 1980s business technology became known as:
A. data processing.
163. (p. 596) Beginning with the late 1980s the goal of information technology was to:
D. use new technologies to improve old methods.
164. (p. 597) __________ is now a favorite tool for business real-time communication.
A. Telecommuting
165. (p. 597) The movement toward _________ refers to the ability to use technology to access people and
information from any location.
D. multiplistic communication
166. (p. 597) ____________ is information charged with enough intelligence to make it relevant and useful.
D. A theory
167. (p. 597) __________ filters information to meet an individual’s needs, and delivers the relevant information to
the individual when it is needed.
A. Information processing
168. (p. 597) __________ refers to a variety of software applications that analyze an organization’s raw data and
obtain useful insights from it.
A. Information processing
169. (p. 598) In the future successful information systems will be characterized by their:
D. privacy.
170. (p. 596) The key distinction between data and information is that data:
A. are facts and figures that have been stored in databases so that they can be accessed and manipulated by a
computer.
171. (p. 596) From the 1970s to the present time, the primary role of business technology has:
A. always been to provide businesses with necessary financial information.
172. (p. 597) NASDAQ and SOFFEX are examples of how information technology can:
D. help the government measure the environmental impact of business activities.
173. (p. 597) A major impact of information technology has been to:
D. increase overall costs of production.
174. (p. 597) An important advantage knowledge technology has over older versions of business technology is that
D. eliminates the need for businesses to store information electronically.