Name: ___________________________ Class: _________________ Date: __________
chapter 13
1. U.S. national origin myths commemorate the pilgrims who traveled to Plymouth
Rock on the Mayflower in 1620 and the “melting pot” into which nineteenth-century
immigrants assimilated. Do these national myths accurately reflect the American
immigrant experience before 1965? Support your argument with evidence from the
text.
2. How do both documented and undocumented immigrants benefit the United
States? Support your argument with at least two examples from the text.
3. Compare and contrast nineteenth-century patterns of migration in the United
States and contemporary U.S. trends. Who migrated and where did they come
from? What motivated them to relocate, and what was their reception by their new
country?
4. Why do the people of Togotala migrate to Brazzaville and why do they return home
so often? How does their relationship to their home and destination countries
inform their decision to migrate?
5. As increasing numbers of women migrate as a result of globalization, how does
immigration reshape gender roles and gender relations?
6. Describe the historical roots of Dubai’s Indian community and its degree of political,
economic, and social belonging in the nation of Dubai.
7. What vulnerabilities do female domestic workers face in the workplace and how do
they affect the economies of their place of origin as well as destination country?
Draw on at least two examples from the text to illustrate your explanation.
8. Discuss how migration is often a family choice. Draw on at least two examples
from the text to discuss how and why households and families contribute to a
person’s decision to migrate.
9. How does transnational migration affect the communities that are left behind?
Based on discussions in the text, make an argument for why it is beneficial and an
argument for why it has harmful effects on the sending community.
10. What were the bridges and barriers and the pushes and pulls that impacted Chen
Dawei’s decision to migrate from Fuzhou, China to the United States? What
economic, social, and political factors come into play in both the home and
receiving communities for Fuzhounese migrants like Chen Dawe?
11. What are “bridges and barriers”? Give two examples each of potential bridges and
barriers.
12. What are pushes and pulls? Give two examples each of potential pushes and pulls.
13. How do uneven development and flexible accumulation affect migration?
14. How does time-space compression affect migration?
15. Images of a migrant “caravan” of roughly 5,000 people moving north through
Mexico dominated U.S. media coverage and political discourse for months in 2018.
Who are these migrants and where did they come from? Why were they traveling
in a caravan to the United States? Name at least two reasons.
16. In his ethnography Fresh Fruit, Broken Bodies (2013), anthropologist Seth Holmes
wrote about the impact of harsh physical and emotional conditions on the bodies of
migrant farmworkers in the United States. What does Holmes suggest is the result
of the failure to resolve debates about undocumented farmworkers?
a.
Immigrants rely on health care in U.S. hospitals when they sustain work-
related injuries.
b.
Social inequality has become normalized and naturalized in the United
States.
c.
Cultural clashes between migrant workers and long-term U.S. residents have
increased.
d.
Massive protests have occurred on behalf of migrant farmworkers.
17. The United States Immigrant and Nationalities Act of 1965 drastically changed
immigration patterns to the United States. Which of the following statistics as
applies to pre-1965 immigration?
a.
primarily immigrants from Asia
b.
primarily immigrants from Latin America
c.
mostly labor immigrants
d.
more professional immigrants
18. Vice president Calvin Coolidge’s statement that “America must be kept American”
and the congressional passage of the National Origin Act (1924) reflect an anti-
immigrant climate that wished to stem the tide of ________ immigrants from
________.
a.
Buddhist; China
b.
Protestant; Britain and France
c.
Catholic and Jewish; Italy and Eastern Europe
d.
Catholic; Western and Northern Europe
19. The fact that U.S. citizens are having children at slower rates creates a need for
a.
U.S. citizens to volunteer to do low-wage, backbreaking labor.
b.
immigrants to create economic growth, pay into the Social Security fund, and
pay taxes.
c.
low-cost labor to build a wall on the Mexican border.
d.
immigration bans and militarization of the border.
20. When indigenous Oaxacan workers became disabled by the brutal conditions of
agricultural labor, they
a.
exercised their rights of citizenship to get health care.
b.
migrated to a new country in search of health care.
c.
went home to their community.
d.
relied on remittances sent via Western Union to pay for clinics.
21. The largest group of foreign-born people living in the United States in 2016 was
from
a.
South Korea.
b.
China.
c.
India.
d.
Mexico.
22. The “melting pot” model of immigration oversimplifies the reception of immigrants
in U.S. history. Which historical fact challenges the “melting pot” mythology?
a.
Irish fleeing the potato famine faced a lack of work when they arrived on U.S.
soil.
b.
Congress passed the National Origins Act as a response to immigration from
Italy and Eastern Europe.
c.
Many immigrants came to the United States voluntarily but were conscripted
as slaves.
d.
Immigration proved beneficial for indigenous people already living in North
America.
23. In the early twenty-first century, the number of people arriving in the United States
by region included
a.
50 percent from Asia and 25 percent from Latin America.
b.
25 percent from Latin America and 50 percent from Africa.
c.
25 percent from Asia and 50 percent from Latin America.
d.
45 percent from Latin America and 40 percent from Europe.
24. As a result of efforts to regulate international migration, which of these borders has
become one of the most heavily guarded in world history?
a.
Honduras–El Salvador
b.
U.S.–Mexico
c.
Brazil–Venezuela
d.
Djibouti–Somalia
25. What happened in the United States in 1965 that shifted patterns of immigration?
a.
The United States passed the National Origins Act.
b.
The immigration from Eastern Europe and Italy reached its peak.
c.
The policy of restricting immigrants with quotas by nationality dramatically
transformed.
d.
A fence along the U.S.–Mexico border was completed.
26. Which of the following was the only immigrant group to be legally excluded on the
basis of national origin in the United States in 1882?
a.
Chinese
b.
Mexicans
c.
Palestinians
d.
Russians
27. In his ethnography Brokered Homeland (2002), Joshua Hotaka Roth studies the
experiences of Brazilian Nikkeijin, who are Japanese or descendants of Japanese
citizens who live overseas. Upon returning to Japan, many Brazilian Nikkeijin
created their own ethnic niche in Japan. Why did this new cultural development
occur?
a.
Nikkeijin became attached and integrated to Brazilian culture when living
there.
b.
Nikkeijin were treated as outsiders by Japanese residents.
c.
Nikkeijin did not have legal rights in Japan.
d.
Nikkeijin did not speak Japanese.
28. In the 1980s, the Chinese government created special export-processing zones on
the coast to attract foreign investors and boost industrial production. What is one
effect of this zone?
a.
Large numbers of labor migrants moved from rural China to cities.
b.
They eased the plight of internal migrants by bettering conditions.
c.
Environmental regulation has increased in these areas.
d.
Workers are paid highly for their work.
29. Anthropologist Jason De León uses a four-field anthropological approach when
studying the experiences of Mexican migrants attempting to cross the U.S. border.
What is one reason he gives for his use of the four-field approach?
a.
One approach does not tell the whole story.
b.
The four-field approach can be applied to many different scenarios.
c.
It is more respected in the scientific community.
d.
It enables him to look at the multiple cultures involved.
30. How were Japanese Brazilians received when they moved to Japan?
a.
They were warmly welcomed.
b.
They were viewed as “foreigners”—as intruders and cultural strangers.
c.
They were given the public services that were generally available to the
Japanese population.
d.
The Japanese identity they had maintained in Brazil was recognized and
accepted by the Japanese living in Japan.
31. Joshua Hotaka Roth’s research on return migration found that Brazilian Japanese
people
a.
only began to emphasize their Brazilian culture after they moved to Japan.
b.
received health insurance, pensions, social welfare, and unemployment
insurance.
c.
were illegal immigrants without visas.
d.
were granted Japanese citizenship and quickly integrated into mainstream
Japanese society.
32. Preferential immigration policies for Nikkeijin
a.
produced a labor shortage in Brazilian manufacturing industries.
b.
produced a deep economic recession.
c.
sent hundreds of thousands of Japanese immigrants to Latin America.
d.
assumed it was easier for the descendants of the Japanese to assimilate into
Japanese society than other types of immigrants.
33. Robert Smith documented that immigrants from Puebla, Mexico, living in Long
Island, New York,
a.
had important leadership roles in Puebla despite living in New York.
b.
raised funds for school construction, road repair, and other projects in Long
Island.
c.
ran for local office in Long Island.
d.
could not visit Puebla due to their immigration status and the high cost of
airfare.
34. From which country did hundreds of thousands of people migrate to Brazil, Peru,
and Argentina seeking economic opportunities in the early twentieth century?
a.
Indonesia
b.
Tonga
c.
China
d.
Japan
35. What do internal migrants do?
a.
travel back and forth between destination and origin countries
b.
leave the country they migrated to and relocate “home”
c.
move within their own national borders
d.
participate in political, religious, social, and economic spheres in other
countries besides the one in which they live
36. What would a transnational immigrant do once established in their new country?
a.
forget their homeland in order to better assimilate into their new society
b.
live and work in their new country but only worship with their religious
community when visiting their home country
c.
cut social ties to be relieved of expensive expectations of their church and
their kin in their country of origin
d.
plan Skype dates with the family back home to tell them about their new
friends
37. What is meant by the term return migration?
a.
immigrants who travel back and forth between destination and origin
countries
b.
immigrants or their descendants who relocate to their “home” country
c.
sending economic resources back “home”
d.
active participation in political, religious, social, and economic spheres across
national borders
38. What term do anthropologists use to refer to the Nikkeijin, which is the term for
people from Japan who continue to travel back and forth between Japan and
Brazil?
a.
assimilated migrants
b.
yo-yo migrants
c.
see-saw migrants
d.
internally displaced
39. Togotala’s large cinderblock homes, schoolhouse, and solar-powered water tower
were paid for by
a.
professionals who migrated to the United States.
b.
labor migrants who work in coastal factories.
c.
refugees in neighboring countries such as Congo and Senegal.
d.
merchants trading in regional networks.
40. Which of the following statements about the long-term consequences of Japanese
migration to Brazil in the twentieth century is accurate?
a.
The surplus of workers in Japan increased pressure for migration to Latin
America.
b.
The Japanese government embraced returning emigrants warmly by offering
them public services.
c.
Many have returned to Japan but continue to embrace Brazilian culture.
d.
Japanese Brazilians abandoned cultural traditions of Brazil when they
returned to Japan.
41. What are migrants who actively maintain social, economic, political, and religious
ties with people in different countries?
a.
second-generation
b.
guest worker
c.
transnational
d.
internal
42. What recent trend resulted from wages creeping upward for Chinese workers?
a.
an influx of Egyptian workers
b.
decreasing income disparities between rural and urban workers
c.
a decline in foreign investment in China
d.
a shift in industrialized production to Bangladesh, Thailand, Cambodia, and
Laos
43. What has been one important factor driving internal migration in China since the
1980s?
a.
the creation of special tourist zones
b.
the creation of export-processing zones
c.
a decline in infrastructure projects
d.
new guest worker programs
44. The Malian migrants to Brazzaville in the Republic of Congo studied by Bruce
Whitehouse
a.
are new converts to Christianity.
b.
work mostly in factories.
c.
are treated like outsiders, segregated by religion and language.
d.
rarely return to their home community of Togotala.
45. After their city was bombed, the surviving members of a family, who were left
homeless and were afraid of being killed, were forced to flee their home country.
These motives to leave are examples of
a.
pushes.
b.
bridges.
c.
pulls.
d.
barriers.
46. The residents of Togotala, Mali, cannot produce enough food for their daily needs
due to region’s harsh climate, which is prone to droughts as well as a three-month
rainy season. What is true of this town?
a.
Merchants send remittances to support their families and community.
b.
Togotala does not receive any benefits of a global economy.
c.
It lacks a primary school, running water, and health care.
d.
It is dependent on development assistance from the Malian government.
47. Uneven development within a nation causes
a.
internal migration.
b.
rural modernization.
c.
international refugees.
d.
rural construction booms.
48. After her husband’s murder, and fearing her young son would be recruited into the
conflict between the military and insurgents, Juana moved with her children to the
capital, where violence against civilians was less likely. This family’s situation is an
example of
a.
international migration.
b.
uneven development.
c.
refugee.
d.
internal migration.
49. Anthropologist Catherine Besteman’s ethnography Making Refuge (2016) tells the
story of the international journey of Somali Bantu immigrants. During and after the
Somalian civil war, many refugees fled to the small town of Lewiston, Maine,
whose population of 35,000 people was mainly white. Which of the following is an
influence of the Somali immigrants on the town of Lewiston?
a.
Somali refugees did not integrate with the local community.
b.
Somali businesses and organizations revitalized the downtown.
c.
Somali subsistence farmers were not able to open local businesses in
Lewiston.
d.
Lewiston locals and Somalian refugees refused to work together.
50. Professional immigrants work in middle-class professions as doctors, nurses,
lawyers, engineers, or in management roles. Which is a factor that professional
immigrants have access to that gives them an advantage over other types of
immigrants?
a.
hometown associations
b.
social capital
c.
guest worker programs
d.
remittances
51. Labor immigrants move in search of low-skill and low-wage jobs, and constitute the
majority of migrant workers today. What is one effect of the presence of labor
immigrants in the United States?
a.
Labor immigrants cause businesses to close.
b.
Labor immigrants take jobs that native workers want.
c.
Labor immigrants keep prices down.
d.
Labor immigrants drive prices up.
52. Immigration debates and the media in the United States often paint a certain
picture of what most immigrants are like. Which of the following statements apply
to most U.S. immigrants?
a.
They have skills, education, and financial resources above their country’s
average.
b.
They come from a limited range of class backgrounds.
c.
They are poor, undocumented, and without financial resources.
d.
They are refugees, given a place to live by the federal government.
53. The U.S. Border Patrol’s most lethal weapon to keep out migrants is/are
a.
drones.
b.
snakes.
c.
the desert.
d.
40,000 border patrol agents.
54. What are some ways in which immigration reshapes gender roles and relations?
a.
Undocumented male immigrants gain socioeconomic status with their new
racial or ethnic identity.
b.
Women gain economic and social status as they take jobs, expand social
networks, access social institutions, and gain new personal freedoms.
c.
Migration is a gendered process that affects men and women in the same
way.
d.
The growth of export-processing zones has made migration a predominantly
masculine process.
55. In the United States, ________ immigrants are now in the majority.
a.
female
b.
male
c.
professional
d.
entrepreneurial
56. Both internally displaced people and refugees
a.
must demonstrate a well-founded fear of persecution or physical harm to be
considered such
b.
must be recognized by the United Nations.
c.
are forced to move due to persecution, violence, or natural or human-made
disasters.
d.
are forced to migrate beyond their national borders.
57. Catherine Besteman found that many of the subjects of her research in Banta,
Somalia
a.
had fought and won Somalia’s civil war.
b.
were resettled in Lewiston, Maine.
c.
were internally displaced due to climate change.
d.
were opened textile and shoe factories.
58. Cosmonauts are
a.
elite professional immigrants who fly around the world the world for work.
b.
professional immigrants who work on transportation technology such as jets.
c.
professional migrants who move as a result of climate change.
d.
entrepreneurial immigrants who open small stores or hotels.
59. Arjun drew on connections from his alumni network from the prestigious Indian
Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB) to land a job at a firm that sponsored his
work visa in a Silicon Valley firm. What helped him secure his job?
a.
a guest worker program
b.
social capital
c.
social remittances
d.
entrepreneurial immigration
60. Many ________ from India are economists, doctors, nurses, engineers or business
executives.
a.
professional immigrants
b.
guest workers
c.
labor immigrants
d.
entrepreneurial immigrants
61. In Dubai, an immigrant’s children and grandchildren who were born in Dubai are
considered
a.
citizens.
b.
nationals of Old Dubai.
c.
refugees.
d.
temporary guests.
62. Entrepreneurial immigrants
a.
are a product of globalization.
b.
no longer have to physically migrate due to time-space compression.
c.
have existed for thousands of years.
d.
are second-generation immigrants.
63. The Indian immigrants in Dubai
a.
were all entrepreneurs.
b.
were stratified by social status and profession.
c.
were a homogenous tight-knit community of equals.
d.
had similar political, social, and economic status.
64. Neha Vora’s research found that Indian immigrants in Dubai often experience
a.
complete acceptance by the local population in Dubai.
b.
human rights violations.
c.
an easy path to full citizenship.
d.
access to extensive guest worker programs.
65. The fact that hospitals in African countries have trouble hiring enough qualified
doctors because they have migrated to European countries is called
a.
professional immigration.
b.
brain drain.
c.
transnationalism.
d.
cosmonauts.
66. Legal and illegal labor migrants
a.
are called guest workers.
b.
fill niches that native-born workers want.
c.
often receive long-term rights and privileges lacking in their nations of origin.
d.
provide many of the foods, goods, and services we consume daily.
67. The Fuzhounese who migrate to work in Chinese restaurants in the United States
are
a.
professional immigrants.
b.
guest workers.
c.
labor immigrants.
d.
entrepreneurial immigrants.
68. What are some of the forms of social capital that migrants may acquire?
a.
revolving loans borrowed through extended family and social networks to
invest in their professional careers
b.
interest on revolving loans given to co-ethnics
c.
helpful social and kinship networks
d.
capital raised from social connections to open small, local, family-run retail
stores, hotels, or motels
69. Professional immigrants are
a.
immigrants who move to a new country to attend college, start businesses,
and conduct trade.
b.
university-trained professionals who migrate in search of low-skill jobs that
native-born workers will not fill.
c.
university-trained professionals who seek better professional opportunities
abroad.
d.
immigrants who are invited to join existing professional organizations in
another country.
70. What is one of the prices that guest workers usually must pay in order to find work
in other countries?
a.
their children being subject to trafficking
b.
their passports being held during their employment
c.
bribes to officials in order to move across the border
d.
denial of long-term rights and privileges
71. What is one of the primary motivations for labor immigrants?
a.
improved living conditions despite lower wages for the same job
b.
better wages than they find in other countries
c.
superior educational opportunities
d.
improvements in basic human rights
72. Entrepreneurial immigrants
a.
move to start businesses and conduct trade.
b.
move to take low-skill and low-wage jobs that others will not fill.
c.
fill labor shortages for middle-class and skilled occupations.
d.
are granted the right to work for a limited time but without long-term rights
and privileges.
73. How do anthropologists define refugees?
a.
people granted the right to work as migrants for a limited time due to
economic hardship
b.
people who move in search of low-skill and low-wage jobs that native-born
workers will not fill
c.
professional individuals forced to migrate due to changing needs in their
home country
d.
people who have been forced to move beyond their national borders due to
natural disasters, political or religious persecution, or violence
74. According to Pierrette Hondagneu-Sotelo, new immigrants in greater Los Angeles
are primarily employed as factory workers and as
a.
nannies and housekeepers.
b.
farmhands on industrial farms.
c.
workers in California’s technology industries.
d.
managerial assistants in urban areas.
75. Which of the following best describes how anthropologists conceptualize migration
as a “gendered” process?
a.
Low-wage informal labor by female migrants has virtually no effect on their
families in their countries of origin.
b.
Migration by women forces family members to adjust to shifting gender roles
and family patterns.
c.
Men continue to make up the majority of immigrants in all receiving countries
except Canada.
d.
Only men expand social networks, access social institutions, and gain new
personal freedom.
76. Although they are typically highly trained, some ________ migrants face downward
mobility in destination countries because they cannot obtain the credentials
necessary to work.
a.
guest worker
b.
labor
c.
internally displaced
d.
professional
77. What do Indian immigrants in Dubai often experience?
a.
complete acceptance by the local population in Dubai
b.
human rights violations
c.
an easy path to full citizenship
d.
access to extensive guest worker programs
78. Nawal studied medicine at her university in Egypt. Although she can work as a
doctor in Egypt, she is enticed by the high wages and opportunities offered in other
countries. What term refers to the phenomenon of many skilled professionals like
Nawal leaving their country of origin?
a.
social capital
b.
entrepreneurial immigration
c.
brain drain
d.
head hunting
79. What term describes people who have been forced to migrate because of violence,
religious persecution, or disasters but stay within their own countries?
a.
labor migrants
b.
internally displaced persons
c.
transnational refugees
d.
guest workers
80. People who participate in programs that offer a temporary right to work but have
limited long-term rights and privileges are called
a.
guest workers.
b.
professional immigrants.
c.
pro bono workers.
d.
labor union workers.
81. The generation of migrants who left their home countries as adults are known
among scholars as which generation?
a.
first
b.
second
c.
“lost”
d.
“1.5”
82. What method do entrepreneurial immigrants often use to raise capital to start
businesses?
a.
revolving loan funds
b.
black market loans
c.
government grants
d.
charitable donations
83. A man from rural El Salvador came to the United States in search of work in the
construction industry. He is an example of a
a.
refugee.
b.
professional immigrant.
c.
labor immigrant.
d.
entrepreneurial immigrant.
84. Push and pull factors shape migration patterns around the world as migrants are
forced to leave their home countries and choose to settle in certain countries.
Which of the following examples is a push factor?
a.
higher wages
b.
war
c.
better opportunities
d.
health-care access
85. Your dream is to live in Paris. Unfortunately, you do not speak French or have a
work visa, so you can only stay ninety days or until you run out of money,
whichever comes first. Your language and immigration status are examples of
a.
pushes.
b.
bridges.
c.
pulls.
d.
barriers.
86. You decide to move to Tokyo, Japan, because you were offered the opportunity to
make a fantastic salary as an English teacher. This opportunity is an example of a
a.
push.
b.
bridge.
c.
pull.
d.
barrier.
87. What term describes the dynamic in a community such as Chen Dawei’s, where
migration has become an expectation that is encouraged and enabled in a variety
of ways?
a.
cumulative causation
b.
pushes and pulls
c.
bridges and barriers
d.
entrepreneurial immigrants
88. Recruitment agencies broker legal immigration for
a.
only legal guest workers.
b.
only professional immigrants.
c.
high-skill jobs and low-skill jobs.
d.
refugees.
89. Azaad’s uncle sponsored his visa and provided him with a job in his deli in New
York, as his own older cousin had done for him. This is an example of a family
involved in
a.
chain migration.
b.
hometown association.
c.
social remittances.
d.
guest worker privileges.
90. The construction of a hydroelectric dam is an example of
a.
a bridge and a barrier.
b.
a development policy that displaces people.
c.
climate change.
d.
uneven development.
91. The movement of people facilitated by the support of networks of family and friends
who have already migrated is called
a.
yo-yo migration.
b.
transnational migration.
c.
international migration.
d.
chain migration.
92. The factors that enable or inhibit migration are called
a.
pushes and pulls.
b.
bridges and barriers.
c.
time-space compression.
d.
cumulative causation.
93. Forces that spur migration from the country of origin and draw immigrants to a
particular new destination country are called
a.
pushes and pulls.
b.
bridges and barriers.
c.
time-space compression.
d.
cumulative causation.
94. Many Fuzhounese who migrate to New York work in
a.
technological innovation.
b.
agricultural labor.
c.
the gold business.
d.
Chinese restaurants and nail salons.
95. About how many people have migrated out of the towns and villages near Fuzhou,
China?
a.
50 to 70 percent of many towns and villages
b.
1.3 billion people
c.
8 billion people
d.
3 percent of the regional population
96. What is one reason why refugees are forced to leave their communities?
a.
entrepreneurial opportunities
b.
lack of economic opportunities
c.
ethnic conflict
d.
lack of marriage opportunities
97. With which of the following groups do we often associate the idea of remittances?
a.
only labor immigrants
b.
only professional immigrants
c.
only entrepreneurial immigrants
d.
all types of immigrants
98. Which of the following includes hometown associations, religious communities, and
refugee placement groups that help to resettle newcomers in their destination
communities?
a.
government immigration policies
b.
supportive organizations
c.
recruitment agencies
d.
border patrols
99. Job, educational opportunities, and access to health care, as well as poverty,
famine, war, disease, and religious oppression, are all forces that lead to a decision
to migrate. What are the two terms used by anthropologists to describe these two
sets of forces that lead to migration?
a.
push; pull
b.
compel; drive
c.
bridge; barrier
d.
dissuade; persuade
100. Migrants often send economic resources back to their countries of origin. What role
do these resources play?
a.
supporting families and stimulating economic growth in local (origin)
communities
b.
financing health insurance for nonmigrants
c.
specifying who can and who cannot migrate
d.
contributing to the tax base of destination countries
101. Many residents of Goiás, Brazil, have migrated to Marietta, Georgia. Students in
Goiás study English, watch Hollywood films, and show off gifts sent by family in
Marietta. Most have a clear vision of living with relatives in Marietta and sending
remittances home when they grow up. This culture of migration reflects a dynamic
called
a.
hometown association.
b.
brain drain.
c.
bridges and barriers.
d.
cumulative causation.
102. Although globalization has produced increased flows of money, information, and
goods, barriers to the flow of people are difficult to overcome. What is one of the
principal barriers that migrants must overcome?
a.
a high degree of regulation and immigration inspectors at borders
b.
bribes for border patrol agents needed to allow passage
c.
hometown associations attempting to block migrants from relocating to their
communities
d.
governments placing high excise taxes on migrants over the age of fifty-five
103. Gobind does not like his job in New Delhi, so he enters a master’s degree program
in the United States. After graduating, he is hired by a company in New York City.
These educational and employment opportunities can be characterized as
a.
factors that pushed Gobind to leave India.
b.
factors that pulled Gobind to the United States.
c.
bridges that allow immigrants like Gobind to work in the United States for a
short time.
d.
barriers that prevent immigrants like Gobind from entering the United States.
104. What are the economic resources that are transferred from migrants to family
members or institutions in their country of origin called?
a.
smuggling
b.
remittances
c.
transactions
d.
economic diversification
105. People migrate for many reasons, including to take advantage of economic
opportunities. What term describes this kind of reason to migrate?
a.
assimilation
b.
push
c.
displacement
d.
pull
106. Which of the following statements about human migration is true?
a.
The United Nations estimates that three in four people migrate to a new
country each year.
b.
Saudi Arabia sends more than 2 million people abroad to work each year.
c.
Only 3 percent of the world’s population moves beyond national borders.
d.
In the last thirty years there has been one of the lowest rates of migration in
human history.
107. Why did Alex Orlando Lora and Audiel Guillermo Mejía leave Honduras?
a.
They were involved in gang violence.
b.
Their agricultural jobs no longer paid to buy food.
c.
Boats, planes, and buses were overcrowded.
d.
They reunited with family in the United States.
Answer Key
chapter 13
