When faced with a moral dilemma, Lydia reasons, “If you do this for me, then I’ll do that
for you.” Kohlberg would place Lydia in the __________ orientation of moral
development.
A)punishment and obedience
B)instrumental purpose
C)”good boy-good girl”
D)social-order-maintaining
At birth, visual structures in
A)the eye are fully formed, but those in the brain are not yet fully formed.
B)both the eye and the brain are fully formed.
C)the brain are fully formed, but those in the eye are not yet fully formed.
D)both the eye and the brain are not yet fully formed.
Which of the following statements is supported by research on Head Start?
A)Gains for Head Start participants are similar, though not as strong as for participants of
university-based programs.
B)All eligible preschool-age children in the United States and Canada receive Head Start
services.
C)Head Start and other similar interventions are not very cost effective.
D)Parental involvement in Head Start has minimal impact on children’s development.
Of all Western nations, __________ has the highest percentage of extremely poor children.
A)the United States
B)Canada
C)Germany
D)France
The most effective treatment for enuresis is/are
A)stimulants.
B)a urine alarm.
C)anxiety medication.
D)punishment.
Many grandparent caregivers report feeling
A)overjoyed to receive a second chance to raise children.
B)unworried about what will happen to the child.
C)emotionally drained and depressed.
D)animosity toward their adult child for ‘shirking responsibility.”
Two-year-old Ruby utters the words “go car.” This is an example of
A)underextension.
B)overextension.
C)telegraphic speech.
D)referential speech.
In emerging adulthood, advances in identity occur in which three main domains?
A)love, work, and worldview
B)career, financial security, and love
C)job security, financial security, and marital status
D)religiosity, spirituality, and work
Most adoptees
A)appear well-adjusted as adults.
B)have persistent cognitive delays.
C)suffer from severe emotional problems.
D)have persistent social problems.
Research on the role of heredity in temperament indicates that
A)heritability estimates derived from twin studies suggest a major role for genetic factors
in temperament and personality.
B)identical twins are more similar than fraternal twins across a wide range of
temperamental traits and personality measures.
C)only 5 to 10 percent of individual differences in temperament have been attributed to
differences in genetic makeup.
D)heritability estimates are much higher for expressions of positive emotion than for
negative emotion.
Which of the following adolescents is most likely to have a large network of other-sex
friends?
A)Cassidy, an average student who is not well-known
B)Marie, who reached puberty earlier than her classmates
C)Chase, who frequently plays sports with his many male friends
D)Gwyneth, who is neither popular nor unpopular
Which of the following statements about emerging adulthood is true?
A)It is primarily found in low-SES ethnic minority groups.
B)Emerging adults are actually adolescents who take on adult responsibilities.
C)Emerging adulthood is a time of great challenge and uncertainty.
D)Adult milestones are highly consistent in time and order across individuals.
Dr. Newman spent three years in Botswana, participating in the daily life of a community
there. She gathered extensive field notes, consisting of a mix of self-reports from members
of the community and her own observations. Which of the following research methods did
Dr. Newman most likely use in her research?
A)ethnography
B)structured observation
C)the microgenetic design
D)the clinical, or case study, method
The study of Simon, a deaf child born to deaf parents who were late learners of American
Sign Language (ASL), illustrates children’s
A)inability to acquire language without direct exposure to it.
B)remarkable capacity to invent language.
C)innate ability to acquire spoken language.
D)inability to acquire language beyond the sensitive period.
Which of the following statements about integration in American schools is true?
A)School integration has increased dramatically since the 1990s.
B)When minority students attend ethnically mixed schools they typically do so with
other minorities.
C)Asian-American children are more segregated than African-American children.
D)The racial divide in American education has all but disappeared.
Nineteen-year-old Chloe is likely to say __________ is a marker of adulthood.
A)becoming financially independent
B)rebelling against societal norms
C)rejecting all one’s own personal beliefs and values
D)psychologically distancing oneself from parents
Affluent parents
A)too often fail to engage in family interaction and parenting that promote favorable
development.
B)are less likely than low-SES parents to have children who use alcohol and drugs.
C)are less likely than low-SES parents to have children who report high levels of
depression.
D)are more likely than low-SES parents to engage in parenting that promote favorable
development.
During the preschool years,
A)children usually eat the same amount of food during each meal.
B)children can tolerate more fats, oils, and salt.
C)it is common for children’s appetite to increase.
D)the emotional climate at mealtimes has a powerful impact on eating habits.