Prison gangs exist in every state correctional system in addition to the Federal Bureau
of Prisons.
a. True
b. False
The case of McClesky v. Kemp (1987) was the first landmark case of its kind to bring a
halt to the death penalty at the federal level.
a. True
b. False
Juveniles in aftercare programs are supervised by judges whose job is to maintain
contact with the juvenile, make sure that a corrections plan is followed, and show
interest and caring.
a. True
b. False
Donald is an “old-timer” in prison. He is serving a 50-year sentence for
second-degree murder. Correctional programs and services were very different
when Donald entered prison in 1963. He often does the inmate orientation at his
prison, where he meets with all the incoming inmates and discusses prison life with
them.
Donald explains to the inmates that they can have a job in prison. These jobs vary
depending on the inmates’ classification and their skills. One inmate asks Donald how
much he gets paid. Donald explains that he makes the most an inmate can make in a
state prison. How much does Donald most likely make per hour?
a. $0.30
b. $2.80
c. $1.00
d. minimum wage
More juveniles are placed on probation each year than are sent to an institution.
a. True
b. False
Offenders who enter and complete in-prison residential drug treatment are less likely to
experience new arrests and substance abuse use during the first 6 months following
release.
a. True
b. False
Judge Ortiz is an administrative judge in the county who is holding a meeting to
determine the effectiveness of the various sentencing options. He invites
individuals who work with the various types of sentencing options to give their
feedback. Officer Moll is the supervising probation officer in the county. Judge
Ellis coordinates the drug court in the neighboring county. Ms. Howard runs the
halfway house in the county. Captain Smith coordinates the boot camp in the
county.
Judge Ellis is convinced that offenders who have a drug addiction need more services
provided. He explains the various sanctions and services utilized at his drug court.
Which of the following are likely to be a part of Judge Ellis’s drug court?
a. mandatory periodic testing for the use of controlled substances
b. substance abuse treatment
c. aftercare services such as relapse prevention
d. all of these
The model that views losses by an inmate during incarceration as one of the costs of
imprisonment is the:
a. deprivation model.
b. importation model.
c. situational model.
d. administrative control model.
Intermediate sanctions, if successfully completed, cost less than jails and prisons.
a. True
b. False
While males may benefit from sentencing reforms, females:
a. also benefit.
b. suffer.
c. gain even more privileges than men.
d. none of these choices.
Field officers work with parolees:
a. in the community.
b. in the prisons.
c. both of these choices.
d. none of these choices.
The three major mechanisms used to waive juveniles are judicial waiver, prosecutorial
waiver, and statutorial exclusion
a. True
b. False
There has been a transfer of power in the courts that has undercut the formal court
process with a more informal system shaped by backroom deals and agreements.
a. True
b. False
In the colonial era, instead of cells, inmate housing took the form of:
a. large dormitories.
b. private homes.
c. small rooms.
d. no inside shelters.
The most at-risk parolees are placed:
a. in halfway houses.
b. back in prison.
c. on intensive supervision.
d. all of these choices.
Conjugal visits usually mean that prisoners enjoy 24 or 48hours of privacy with their
families.
a. True
b. False
Abraham has been in prison since 1940. He is now 86 years old. Throughout his
time in prison, he has seen changes in the prison, the type of inmates being housed,
and the laws concerning inmates. When he first got to prison, it was generally
accepted that a convicted individual forfeited all rights that were not granted in a
statute or a correctional policy.
Abraham and his fellow inmates are very concerned that the officers continue to search
their cells while they are in the yard or in the cafeteria eating their meals. They claim
the officers are destroying their property and also planting contraband. Which court
case shattered any hope that the Fourth Amendment would limit cell searches and ruled
that “the Fourth Amendment has no applicability to a prison cell”?
a. Beard v. Banks
b. Hudson v. Palmer
c. Pell v. Procunier
d. Thornbaugh v. Abbott
Visiting arrangements tend to fall into the following categories: (a) closed visits, (b)
limited-contact visits, (c) informal-contact visits, (d) freedom of grounds, and (e)
conjugal or family visits.
a. True
b. False
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that execution of the mentally retarded was
unconstitutional?
a. Atkins v. Virginia
b. Roper v. Simmons
c. Thompson v. Oklahoma
d. Witherspoon v. Illinois
Jails are constitutionally mandated to make available:
a. adequate health care.
b. drug and alcohol treatment programs.
c. jail industries.
d. work release.
Internal classification determines the level of security and control needed for the
incoming prison population.
a. True
b. False
The majority of offenders return to prison shortly after their release.
a. True
b. False
Research shows that the majority of Americans over the past two decades:
a. support the death penalty.
b. oppose the death penalty.
c. have no opinion about the death penalty.
d. none of these choices.
Warden Cox is experiencing high levels of violence and inmate disorder in his
institution. He met with his senior correctional officers to discuss a strategy on
how to handle the situation. Also included in the meeting was the legal advisor to
the state’s department of corrections, Mr. Johnson.
Mr. Johnson tells Warden Cox that he is particularly concerned with the fact that some
of the inmates have accused some of the officers of whipping prisoners with a leather
strap. Mr. Johnson explains to the correctional staff that this disciplinary measure is
considered cruel and unusual punishment and has been the case since the courts ruled
on this during the:
a. 1940s.
b. 1960s.
c. 1980s.
d. 1990s.
Privately operated facilities are generally located in the northeast region of the United
States.
a. True
b. False
The average caseload of a parole officer is approximately:
a. 150 parolees.
b. 38 parolees.
c. 10 parolees.
d. 200 parolees.
Michael is on trial for five charges of first-degree murder, and the prosecutor is
seeking the death penalty. Michael is 18 years old and is accused of killing his
entire family, including his mother, stepfather, and two younger sisters, in a drug
induced fit. He also killed the police officer who responded to the house after the
neighbor called 911. This is the first time Michael has been arrested.
At the end of Michael’s trial, the jury finds him guilty of first-degree murder. The
prosecution must now establish that Michael should be executed. They must establish
that ____________________ causes exceed ____________________ causes.
a. aggravating; mitigating
b. mitigating; aggravating
c. aggravating; militating
d. militating; aggravating
The justification of the courts for their neglect of prison conditions prior to the 1960s is
known as:
a. the hands-on doctrine.
b. the hands-off doctrine.
c. the liberal doctrine.
d. the judicial doctrine.
Similarities between the adult and juvenile system include:
a. the option to plea bargain.
b. parental involvement.
c. sealed records.
d. all of these choices.
Treatment of sex offenders is likely to be successful if offenders:
a. are able to recognize and understand the factors that contributed to their offense.
b. monitor themselves and their environment to detect changes indicating that their risk
to reoffend is increasing.
c. remain willing and able to apply monitoring and intervention skills in a timely and
effective manner, including seeking outside assistance when necessary.
d. all of these choices.
The principle that maintains that programs should consider offenders’ situations as well
as characteristics that may become barriers to success in a correctional program is
known as the:
a. responsivity principle.
b. character principle.
c. correctional principle.
d. none of these choices.
The executive branch has the right to overturn or ban policies that are in conflict with
constitutional rights.
a. True
b. False
What is appropriate for a judge to consider in making a sentencing decision?
a. defendant’s prior record
b. defendant’s age
c. defendant’s race
d. defendant’s income
African American and Hispanic females are less likely to receive jail sentences than are
white female inmates.
a. True
b. False
Drug courts are not as effective as prisons are for reducing the recidivism rates of
offenders.
a. True
b. False
Discuss good time and how it can affect an offender’s sentence.
What are three ideas discussed in the text that can improve the effectiveness of
probation?
What is being done to curtail the sexual assault of female prisoners?
Prisoners with ____________________ problems typically have behavioral problems
before incarceration, and many get involved in substance abuse.
The trend worldwide is to ____________________ the death penalty.
Unauthorized goods possessed by inmates, such as weapons and drugs, is(are)
____________________.
Discuss the concept of Parens Patriae.
____________________ is a term given to the high rates of incarceration in the United
States.
Makebelieve families are known as____________________.
Discuss some of the first correctional institutions used prior to the penitentiary.
Why is it difficult to initially adjust to prison?
The _____________________of 1984, required that no defendant be kept in pretrial
detention simply because he or she could not afford financial bail.
In ____________________, the Court held that both probationers and parolees have a
constitutionally limited right to counsel in revocation proceedings.
The Fourth Amendment bars illegal ____________________.
______________________________ in a women’s prison includes a desire to treat
inmates with dignity and respect.
A ____________________ is when judges were allowed to suspend punishment so
offenders could seek a pardon or gather evidence that they were reformed.
The case of ____________________ established that civil commitments of sex
offenders are not a violation of the law against double jeopardy.
Some of the more common ____________________ are drug and alcohol treatment
programs, therapeutic communities, and anger management.
Some prisons _______________ inmates for health care even though it is in violation
of international standards.
Prisons cost taxpayers about $ ____________________billion a year.