Having an older adult demonstrate an ability on a specific task is an example of a
a. direct observation.
b. clinical interview.
c. neuropsychological assessment.
d. performance-based assessment.
Lower ego integrity, more physical problems, and more psychological problems are
a. predictive of higher levels of death anxiety.
b. predictive of higher levels of emotional insecurity.
c. predictive of more intense religious beliefs.
d. more common in older adults than in younger adults.
Neuroscience research finds that the parts of the brain that respond to_________operate
differently depending upon whether one is alone or with a friend.
a. threat
b. challenge
c. excitement
d. pleasure
Whitbourne’s identity theory combines assimilation and accommodation, concepts
central to the cognitive theory of whom?
a. Baltes
b. Piaget
c. Erikson
d. Costa & McCrae
An example of_______would be a woman wearing black following the death of her
spouse.
a. bereavement
b. mourning
c. grief
d. death acceptance
Does the research evidence support the idea of the “rebound effect”? That is, that one
should wait before remarrying.
a. No, there is no evidence that those who remarry sooner have less success in marriage
than those who wait.
b. Yes, those who remarry sooner have high redivorce rates.
c. No, in fact, those who remarry sooner have lower divorce rates than those who wait.
d. The rebound effect is true for men but not for women.
The competence and environmental press approach, the preventive and corrective
proactivity model (PCP), and the stress and coping framework all agree that
a. the person is the most critical factor.
b. the environment is the most critical factor.
c. one type of environment can serve all older peoples’ needs adequately.
d. no one environment meets everyone’s needs.
Some middle-aged couples have grown apart yet continue to live together, a situation
sometimes referred to as
a. estrangement.
b. married singles.
c. emotional independence.
d. married friends.
Middle-aged mothers are often put into the role of_________, the person who gathers
the family for celebrations and keeps them in touch with one another.
a. kinkeeper
b. primary bread-winner
c. familykeeper
d. matriarch
Which of the following is not a basic concept of the life-span view?
a. plasticity
b. multidirectionality
c. interindividual variability
d. intraindividual consistency
Wisdom is
a. the same thing as creativity.
b. the generation of a new solution to a problem.
c. different than creativity.
d. characterized by constrained reasoning processes.
Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs)
a. help keep arteries clear.
b. are a type of neurotransmitter.
c. are tested using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
d. cause fatty deposits to accumulate in arteries.
_______happens when the fibers of the axon become twisted together.
a. Neurofibrillary tangles
b. Granulovacuolar bodies
c. Synaptic nodes
d. Neuritic plaques
How much savings does one need to have in order to be comfortable in retirement? A
good rule of thumb is
a. 25% of your current income.
b. 45-50% of your current income.
c. 65-70% of your current income.
d. Because one cannot predict how long one will live or what health problems one
might encounter in the future, there is no way to predict how much money one will
need in retirement.
A commonly used design in adult development and aging research is the extreme age
design (“young” versus “old”). Which of the following is a limitation of this type of
study?
a. the samples are not representative and may not generalize
b. the measures may not mean the same thing across age groups and may not be valid
c. age is not treated as a continuous variable
d. all of these
On average, both men and women wait approximately_________years before
remarrying.
a. 2.5
b. 3.5
c. 5
d. 7
Between now and 2030, the population of older adults will have
a. doubled.
b. tripled.
c. quadrupled.
d. decreased by 50%.
An example of an internal memory strategy is
a. rehearsal.
b. a list.
c. an address book.
d. a calendar.
The culturally influenced way in which we express our grief is called
a. grief work.
b. mourning.
c. bereavement.
d. acceptance.
Which approach compares the brain functioning of healthy older adults with adults
displaying various pathological disorders of the brain?
a. neurobiological
b. bioneurosocial
c. psychological
d. neuropsychological
In the selection, optimization, and compensation model (SOC), developing and
choosing goals would be considered under
a. selection.
b. optimization.
c. compensation.
d. all of these.
The earliest step in information processing is
a. attention.
b. working memory.
c. primary memory.
d. sensory memory.
In Kegan’s theory of the self-concept, his first three stages are incorporative, impulsive,
and imperial. These correspond to________first three stages.
a. Piaget’s
b. Erikson’s
c. Freud’s
d. LaBouvie-Vief’s
The main reason for placing almost 80% of nursing home residents is
a. significant health problems.
b. lack of income to maintain their own residence.
c. death of a spouse.
d. memory problems such as forgetting to take medications and failing to eat.
_______is a theory that argues that social contact is motivated by a variety of goals,
including information seeking, self-concept, and emotional regulation.
a. Homogamy
b. Exchange theory
c. Socioemotional selectivity
d. Emotional cooperation
Which of the following usually develops earlier in life and requires the use of insulin?
a. Type I diabetes
b. Type II diabetes
c. Type III diabetes
d. Pediatric-onset diabetes
Environmental press refers to the physical, interpersonal, or demands that environments
put on people.
a. cognitive
b. behavioral
c. social
d. intellectual
In the study involving North American and Korean teachers, what was the relationship
between stress and job satisfaction?
a. It varied by individual across both groups.
b. Stress was a negative predictor for both groups.
c. Stress was a positive predictor for both groups.
d. Stress was a negative predictor of job satisfaction for North American teachers, but a
positive predictor of job satisfaction for Korean teachers.
Which statement best describes cluster housing?
a. It focuses on home modifications to enable individuals to age in place at home.
b. It is free to all those over 70-years-old.
c. It focuses on intensive, round-the-clock nursing care.
d. It emphasizes individual choice on the part of residents in terms of what services they
use.
According to the dual-component model, adulthood is predominantly concerned with
the growth of
a. fluid intelligence.
b. crystallized intelligence.
c. intercohort similarity.
d. multidiversity trends.
Postformal thought is characterized by all of the following except
a. the correct answer varies from situation to situation.
b. there is only one correct answer.
c. emotion and subjective factors usually play a role in thinking.
d. the recognition that the solutions must be realistic.
A developmental psychologist wants to survey several cohorts of people aged
60-years-old to get their opinions concerning Medicare (e.g., assessing 60-year-olds in
2010, then another group of 60-year-olds in 2015, and yet another in 2020). Which
research design is best suited to this task?
a. cross-sequential
b. longitudinal-sequential
c. time-lag
d. cross-sectional