Population trends in the United States, specifically the continuing rise in the number of
elderly people, are
a. unique and specific to the United States.
b. not unique because the population of elderly persons is increasing in most parts of
the world.
c. also seen in Africa but not elsewhere in the world.
d. also seen in Europe but not elsewhere in the world.
When asked about death, young adults report strong feelings that those who die at this
point in their lives
a. are able to avoid end-of-life issues and suffering.
b. were probably engaging in risky behavior.
c. probably had some form of genetic or chromosomal abnormality that contributed to
early death.
d. are cheated out of their futures.
Which theory posits that people build careers through their own actions that result from
the “interface of their own personal characteristics and the social context”?
a. Career Context Theory
b. Career Construction Theory
c. Aptitude Career Theory
d. Personality-Work Construction Theory
Whitbourne’s findings suggest that the two most important sources of identity come
from
a. friends and work.
b. family and work.
c. friends and family.
d. work and children.
Which of the following is not a dimension of Costa and McCrae’s theory?
a. neuroticism
b. psychoticism
c. agreeableness
d. conscientiousness
The best indicator of how long you will live is
a. how balanced your diet is and whether you exercise regularly.
b. not smoking cigarettes and not drinking.
c. the longevity of the people in your neighborhood.
d. the longevity of relatives.
Attentional control is linked to the speed of processing in the
a. parieto-frontal lobes.
b. medulla oblongata.
c. occipital lobes.
d. temporal lobe.
Which of the following are older adults more motivated to maintain?
a. social memories
b. positive affect
c. unconscious memories
d. white matter
The Dalai Lama wisdom story at the beginning of the chapter highlighted all of the
following characteristics of wisdom exceptwhich of the following?
a. It involved practical knowledge.
b. It was given at a price.
c. It was based on life experience.
d. It involved psychological insights.
Research finding correlations between temporal lobe atrophy and cognitive declines in
old age have led researchers to wonder if Alzheimer’s disease
a. is inevitable for all humans.
b. is an acceleration of the normal aging process.
c. can be eliminated using stem cells.
d. is caused by cardiovascular disease.
Based on the various theories of person-environment interactions, the best nursing
homes use which approach?
a. person-centered planning
b. staff-to-patient planning
c. person-environment planning
d. centered-person planning
P-FIT stands for
a. Passive-Frontal Lobe Integration Theory.
b. Parieto-Frontal Integration Theory.
c. Parieto-Fractional Imperative Test.
d. Partial-Frontal Interest Theory.
Evidence concerning crystallized and fluid intelligence shows that
a. all abilities change at the same rate.
b. all abilities decline.
c. intellectual development is constant.
d. intellectual development is diverse.
Activation of both left and right prefrontal areas of the brain is called______activation.
a. bilateral
b. unilateral
c. hyperintensive
d. atrophic
The term menopause refers specifically to
a. the period of transition from fertility to sterility.
b. the end of ovulation.
c. an increase in estrogen production.
d. the cessation of menstruation.
Susan is dying from lung cancer. She and her family are deciding on her care options
and where she will be buried upon her death. Making her wishes known is an example
of a
a. final scenario.
b. death request.
c. end-of-life issue.
d. dying process.
_________includes seeking pastoral care, participating in organized and nonorganized
religious activities, and expressing faith in a God who cares for people.
a. Religiosity
b. Religious identity
c. Spiritual support
d. Religious generativity
Terminal drop, in which intellectual abilities show a marked decline in the years
directly preceding death, is an example of which type of aging?
a. primary
b. secondary
c. tertiary
d. biopsychosocial
What is the major aspect of aging in place?
a. feeling safe
b. feeling comfortable
c. feeling balanced
d. feeling at home
Robert is having problems with bathing and feeding himself since his stroke. These
problems are known as
a. functional activities of daily living.
b. instrumental activities of daily living.
c. activities of daily living.
d. disabilities of daily living.
Factors that make the situation worse than it originally was are called
a. exacerbators.
b. amplifiers.
c. risk factors.
d. functional impairments.
All of the following are environmental factors that impact longevity rates except
a. toxins in food and water.
b. airborne pollutants.
c. living in poverty.
d. implanting corrected genes to eliminate defective genes.
The most common form of dementia is
a. Creutzfeld-Jakob disease.
b. Pick’s disease.
c. Alzheimer’s disease.
d. Parkinson’s disease.
Kim and Denise like to take dance classes together. This reflects which theme of adult
friendships?
a. affective or emotional basis
b. communal or shared basis
c. the sociability and compatibility dimension
d. the physical intimacy dimension
Adults of different generations invoke the social rule “marriage is more important than
career” more so with increasing age. This is evidence of
a. cohort effects of how different generations were socialized with respect to the social
rules of marriage.
b. differences in religiosity across time with respect to the rules of marriage.
c. stereotype threat’s impact on views of marriage.
d. changing morals regarding sexual behavior.
A form of dementia brought on by multiple infarcts or strokes is known as
a. Pick’s disease.
b. AIDS disease.
c. vascular dementia.
d. Huntington’s disease.
The style of speech most people adopt when speaking to older adults is based on the
stereotypes of dependence and incompetence. This in turn conveys to older adults a
sense of helplessness and a decline in their abilities. This has often been referred to as
a. secondary baby talk.
b. patronizing speech.
c. a communication predicament.
d. inappropriate speech predicament.
African American and Asian American couples tend to
a. be married longer at time of divorce than European American couples.
b. be married less long at time of divorce than European American couples.
c. get married at younger ages than do European American couples.
d. have the lowest divorce rates of any ethnic or racial group in the United States.
Based on the developmental changes in fluid and crystallized intelligence, on which
type of test would you expect an older person to receive a high score?
a. vocabulary
b. perceptual speed
c. spatial relations
d. inductive reasoning
African American husbands are more likely than their European counterparts
to_______, regardless of their wives employment status.
a. be stay-at-home Dads
b. have more than one job
c. help with housework
d. go back to school or change careers
If the spring semester class of adulthood and aging students filled out questionnaires
regarding stereotypes about aging people, the class would be a
a. population of people.
b. sample of people.
c. independent variable.
d. dependent variable.
Which of the following beliefs about memory is notcharacteristic of older adults?
a. Memory is not stable.
b. Memory will decline with age.
c. I have little control over my memory.
d. I know a great deal about how memory works.
There is a(n)_________when young adults rely more on dispositional information in
explaining behavior and ignore compelling situational information.
Aside from dopamine, serotonin and acetylcholine are two other
important__________related to cognitive aging.
People who are___________for at least a year perceive their mental health more
negatively than those who are employed or have stopped looking for work.
Jung’s theory incorporates elements of both Freudian theory and_______.
What is AIDS dementia complex?
The study of the structure of the brain is called_______.
Do opinions about euthanasia vary cross-culturally? Give examples to support your
argument.
What is autobiographical memory? What distinguishes events that are memorable from
those that are not?
The_________is the outermost part of the brain. It consists of two hemispheres (the
right and the left), which are connected by the corpus callosum.
Describe primary, secondary, and tertiary aging. Give one specific example of each.
Are negative views of aging assimilated into adults’ views of themselves?
Finding out that textbook examples learned in school often do not match the real world
of work can lead to
____________.
Keeping a balance between gains and losses that occur over time and keeping the
influence of nonaging factors to a minimum are the keys to__________.
________are those that involve only one gene from the father or mother in order to
cause a trait or condition to develop.
The progression of Alzheimer’s disease is usually faster when the onset is_________in
life.