Which of the following is NOT a motivation that cultural anthropologist Denise
Brennan lists for young, rural, poor Dominican women to migrate to towns like Sosua?
a. to make money
b. to have a vacation
c. to marry a tourist
d. to provide for their families
e. to obtain a European visa
________ compose the fourth-largest population of Asian Americans in the United
States.
a. Chinese Americans
b. Korean Americans
c. Japanese Americans
d. Vietnamese Americans
e. Indian Americans
Anthropologist Talal Asad argues that:
a. universal definitions of religion can actually obscure local realities and, subsequently,
local expressions of religion should be examined rather than universal ones.
b. symbols used in religion acquire significance only for the actual material of which
they are made and nothing more beyond that.
c. symbols used in religion acquire significance far beyond the actual material of which
they are made and allow believers to feel that the religious world is truly real.
d. local realities are easy to comprehend once you have a universal definition of
religion.
e. symbols develop in a culture completely independent of historical and social
developments.
The experience of being a middle-class black lesbian:
a. is the same as the experience of being a middle-class white lesbian.
b. is the same as the experience of being a middle-class black heterosexual woman.
c. is a unique status reflecting the intersectionality of race, class, and sexuality.
d. is the same as the experience of being a middle-class black heterosexual man.
e. is the same as the experience of being a middle-class black homosexual man.
Humans learn culture from people and cultural institutions that surround them:
a. in early childhood only.
b. over their entire lives.
c. only in specialized institutions such as schools and museums.
d. from late childhood to early adolescence.
e. from infancy through early adulthood.
Swift economic development and wealth among some groups while others are pushed
into extreme poverty are due to:
a. flexible accumulation.
b. uneven development.
c. neocolonialism.
d. marginalization.
e. economic elitism.
In 1996, the Oakland School District proposed:
a. supporting Mock Spanish speakers as if they were learning Standard English as a
second language in school.
b. supporting Black English, or Ebonics, speakers as if they were learning Standard
English as a second language in school.
c. teaching Ebonics as a second language alongside Spanish and French.
d. replacing the teaching of Standard English with teaching of Ebonics.
e. creating a bilingual curriculum in which Spanish and English would be mixed freely.
Clifford Geertz (1926″2006), who urged anthropologists to explore culture primarily as
a symbolic system, is a key figure in which of the following anthropological
approaches?
a. interpretivist
b. functionalist
c. structural
d. particularist
e. historical
Rumors such as those about organ thefts are of interest to anthropologists and
folklorists because they:
a. often reflect underlying concerns about everyday life that go unspoken in everyday
conversation.
b. serve as warnings of the potential dangers of conducting fieldwork in an area.
c. are very localized, demonstrating a resistance to globalization.
d. make it very difficult for ethnographers to gain informed consent.
e. are entertaining to listen to and retell.
The Tutsi and Hutu originally considered themselves a single group of people differing
primarily by occupation; however, the Belgium colonial administration began treating
the pastoral Tutsi people as different and superior to the Hutu farmers. Eventually, these
two groups of people began to see each other as different as well. This is an example of:
a. ethnic division.
b. apartheid.
c. ethnogenesis.
d. colonialism.
e. ethnic making.
Which of the following ethnographic methods is used to collect data on spatial
relationships?
a. surveys
b. mapping
c. social network analysis
d. interviews
e. life histories
Linguistic anthropologists have discovered that more than 90 percent of ________
information is communicated through body movements and paralanguage.
a. digital
b. creative
c. emotional
d. gendered
e. spatial
Sometimes a group of people breaks away from an ethnic group to form a new identity,
and, in the past, two ethnic groups have combined to form a new and unique identity.
These are examples of:
a. nation building.
b. ethnic making.
c. ethnogenesis.
d. fissioning.
e. syncretism.
Catholicism is being rejuvenated in the United States as a result of:
a. increased immigration from heavily Catholic countries bringing new membership,
worship styles, social needs, and political engagements.
b. immigration of wealthy individuals from otherwise impoverished Catholic countries
bringing an infusion of funds to local churches.
c. high rates of conversion to Catholicism from Islam.
d. government funding for Catholic education.
e. high rates of lapsed middle-class Catholics returning to the church.
The marketing of Viagra builds on the myth of:
a. the “real man,” who is able to reach an erection and perform sexually.
b. the “good father,” who spends quality time with his children.
c. the “good mother,” who strives to be strong for her children.
d. the “fag discourse,” where heterosexual men distance themselves from gay men.
e. “matriarchy,” where women dominate society economically and politically.
Ethnographic fieldwork is the primary research strategy of which field?
a. archaeology
b. biological anthropology
c. historic linguistics
d. cultural anthropology
e. sociolinguistics
Walmart’s transformation from a “Made in America” company to one with five
thousand factories in China is an example of:
a. uneven development.
b. workload migration.
c. flexible accumulation.
d. time-space compression.
e. global expansion.
Early anthropologists suggested that all cultures would naturally evolve through the
same sequence of stages, a concept known as:
a. American historical particularism.
b. British structural functionalism.
c. American cultural meaning.
d. American cultural interpretivism.
e. unilineal cultural evolution.
The author discusses that the Chinese restaurant workers who enter the United States
through New York:
a. have typically learned English before arriving in the United States, so they do not
need English classes.
b. tend to come from larger cities such as Beijing and have experience working in
restaurants.
c. save up for years before making the journey, so that they have no debts on arrival.
d. frequently suffer physical and emotional stress as underpaid employees working long
hours.
e. have no way of keeping in touch with their families at home.
Anthropologists who explore all aspects of human culturefrom war and violence to
love, sexuality, and child rearingand look at the meanings that people from all over the
world place on them are known as:
a. archaeologists.
b. sociolinguists.
c. sociologists.
d. ethnologists.
e. cultural anthropologists.
Which of the following embody the beliefs, passions, and sense of solidarity of a group
of people?
a. saints
b. scriptures
c. roles
d. martyrs
e. rituals
Emily Martin’s analysis of the “fairy tale” of the egg and the sperm as presented in U.S.
textbooks does NOT indicate that:
a. the scientific language of biology promotes gendered stereotypes of male and female
behavior.
b. “female” eggs aggressively pursue more “passive” male sperm until conception
occurs.
c. cultural constructions are reinforced by imagery that highlights biological
differences.
d. stereotypes of male and female behavior are portrayed as naturally occurring
patterns.
e. the anthropomorphizing of egg and sperm coincides with issues in the antiabortion
discourse.
When a group of people share a common culture, sense of ancestry, and country, this
political entity is called a:
a. state.
b. society.
c. nation-state.
d. nation.
e. mandate.
An ethnic group’s desire to assert its domination over a recognized territory and to
affirm its values, ambitions, and common destiny is known as:
a. ascendance.
b. dominion.
c. hegemony.
d. nationalism.
e. reign.
Working-class people who lacked land to grow their own food, tools to make their own
products, and capital to build workshops and therefore had to sell their labor were
considered which of the following classes of people, according to Karl Marx?
a. bourgeoisie
b. capitalists
c. proletariat
d. slaves
e. industrialists
Trips organized through the tourism sector to facilitate commercial sexual relationships
between tourists and local residents in destinations around the world are called:
a. sexcations.
b. all-inclusive sexual outings.
c. sexual entrepreneurship.
d. sex tourism.
e. sex camp.
Under the rules of machismo, the machista is considered:
a. a manly man.
b. a cochon, or gay man.
c. a sex worker.
d. a weak man.
e. a female.
Edward Evan Evans-Pritchard:
a. conducted a restudy of the Trobriand Islands.
b. researched social life among the Nuer of Africa.
c. studied the effects of colonialism in Puerto Rico.
d. examined sexuality in Samoa.
e. became an expert on Native Americans.
What is another name for the “one drop rule” that is used for determining race?
a. eugenics
b. racial ideology
c. hypodescent
d. personal racism
e. nativism
According to the “out of Africa” theory, the disappearance of Neandertals resulted from:
a. modern Homo sapiens evolving first in Africa and migrating to other areas,
eventually replacing Neandertals.
b. interbreeding with Homo erectus.
c. modern Homo sapiens directly evolving from Neandertals.
d. changes in the environment that decreased survivability.
e. modern Homo sapiens displacing Homo erectus in Africa, who in turn displaced
Neandertals in Europe.
In at least two cultures discussed in the text, wealth is a factor in determining race.
Explain how money can have an effect on racial determination, a supposedly biological
classification, and provide an example from the class.
Homogenization is just one of the effects of globalization on cultures around the world.
Define homogenization and give at least three examples of it. Are there aspects from
other cultures that you now incorporate into your own culture? If so, please provide at
least two examples. Do you think that globalization will indeed cause the
homogenization of world cultures in the future? Why or why not?
Evaluate the El Dorado controversy around anthropologist Napoleon Chagnon. You
must demonstrate that you know when and where the contested activities occurred, and
how the population was allegedly affected. Conclude by stating why this would have
violated ethical standards, and what the American Anthropological Association
ultimately found upon review of the evidence presented.
Explain how and why “Jim Crow” came to the American South.
Bronislaw Malinowski spent two years doing participant observation among the people
of the Trobriand Islands, and there he learned about the islanders’ beliefs and customs
regarding trade, warfare, marriage, sex, and death. What kind of anthropologist was
Malinowski? Explain how participant observation works and what kind of information
it provides. Name another topic you could study this way and how you would do it.
The anthropologist’s task when examining religion is to try to capture the vivid inner
life, sense of moral order, dynamic public expressions, and interactions with other
systems of meaning and power. Based on your own experiences, how does religion
inform an individual’s inner life, sense of moral order, dynamic public expressions, and
interactions with other systems of meaning and power? How does religion inform these
aspects on a cultural or social level? What is the underlying purpose of religion within a
cultural group or society? What do anthropologists have to offer to the exploration and
understanding of world religions?
While anthropologists have gone to lengths to show that languages are linguistically
equal, languages often exist in a hierarchical manner within a given place. Compare
how language and power intersect by discussing how nonprestige languages may be
marginalized, such as in the case of Spanish speakers in the United States. How are
boundaries between language policed, and what happens when speakers “code switch”
in different cultural contexts? What did Jane Hill discover when she investigated how
white Americans speak words in Mock Spanish?
What did German political philosopher Karl Marx mean when he called religion “the
opiate of the masses”? According to Marx, what purpose or purposes does religion
serve in society? How is religion related to the economic reality and class struggle
found within a society? Do you agree with Marx’s arguments and ideas regarding the
purpose of religion in society? Why or why not?
The text notes that increasing migration is one of the key dynamics of globalism.
Explain where people are moving and why. What effect is this having on people around
the world?
Time-space compression is one of the key dynamics of globalism. Explain just exactly
what time-space compression is and how it works, and give an example.
Explain how anthropologists have had to adapt to the impact of global forces on the
communities they study.
Explain the concept of “racialization” and how it applies to Middle Eastern people in
the United States.
The culture of consumerism in the United States and globally has intensified, especially
during the last fifty years. What constitutes a culture of consumerism and how does it
relate to the concept of culture more generally? What are three examples of how the
culture of consumerism affects culture in general in the United States? Does it affect
cultures worldwide, and if so, how?
Compare and contrast how “races” have been constructed in two different cultures
discussed in the text. What similarities are there, and how are they different? What does
this tell us about the concept of “race” in general?
In the text, the author notes that the French national soccer team imploded at the 2010
World Cup because one of the team’s stars questioned if some members of the team
were actually “French.” They have to be citizens of France to play on the team. Explain
why this became an issue for the French team.
Explain the difference between a descriptive linguist and a sociolinguist. If you knew
the last speaker of a language and wanted to preserve that language, who would you
call and why?
Contrast the two theories on the ultimate fate of the Neandertals.