A majority of people under correctional authority have a history of mental health
problems.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is NOT one of the four main issues found within female
prisons?
a. medical services
b. suicide rates
c. sexual misconduct
d. educational and vocational programming
Parole is often viewed as a:
a. privilege.
b. right.
c. duty.
d. grace.
a. A range of correctional management strategies
b. Incarceration followed by sentence reduction
c. Sanctions can be calibrated and made equivalent
d. Designed for young offenders
e. Compensation for loss
f. Penalty based on an offender’s income
g. Free labor as compensation
h. Government seizes assets used in criminal activity
i. Potential loss to victim/system
j. Targets offenders subject to incarceration
Restitution
a. A range of correctional management strategies
b. Incarceration followed by sentence reduction
c. Sanctions can be calibrated and made equivalent
d. Designed for young offenders
e. Compensation for loss
f. Penalty based on an offender’s income
g. Free labor as compensation
h. Government seizes assets used in criminal activity
i. Potential loss to victim/system
j. Targets offenders subject to incarceration
Forfeiture
In both _____________ and ______________, offenders released under supervision
have fewer returns to prison for new crimes than do those who leave without
supervision.
a. France; Germany
b. Germany; the United States
c. Canada; France
d. the United States; Canada
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Apply objective criteria to all prisoners
b. IQs of less than 70
c. Person who sees criminality as their life
d. Mental patient returns to the community
e. Julie Schenecker is one
f. Confined for life or until cured
g. Classification based on possible future criminal conduct
h. Classification based on appropriate correctional treatment
i. Classification based on seriousness of crime
j. Person who spends more than 10 years incarcerated
Mentally handicapped
Originally, parole officers worked directly for the:
a. commissioner.
b. warden.
c. governor.
d. parole board.
For most of U.S. history, the Bill of Rights was interpreted as protecting individuals
only from acts of the federal government.
a. True
b. False
Prior to the reform movement in the 1800s, women in Europe and the United States
were:
a. segregated from males and other prisoners in jails but not prisons.
b. segregated in prisons but not jails.
c. not given corporal punishment as men were.
d. housed with men and other prisoners and treated as they were.
a. A range of correctional management strategies
b. Incarceration followed by sentence reduction
c. Sanctions can be calibrated and made equivalent
d. Designed for young offenders
e. Compensation for loss
f. Penalty based on an offender’s income
g. Free labor as compensation
h. Government seizes assets used in criminal activity
i. Potential loss to victim/system
j. Targets offenders subject to incarceration
Boot camp
In the 1960s, most people agreed that the primary mission of corrections was:
a. retribution.
b. rehabilitation.
c. incapacitation.
d. deterrence.
The community policing movement had become enormously successful by the end of
the:
a. 1970s.
b. 1980s.
c. 1990s.
d. 2000s.
The increase in the number of women in prison has:
a. had little impact on how facilities are run.
b. disturbed the public.
c. significantly affected the delivery of programs.
d. concerned politicians
Match each item to the phrase or sentence below.
a. Designed for young offenders
b. Earned through behavior, education, and labor
c. Treatment is required for offenders
d. Done by inmate labor
e. Contractors exchange food and clothing for convict labor
f. Reintegration is the goal
g. Developed in Auburn, NY
h. Incarceration and supervision control behavior
i. Isolates prisoners from society
j.Sociological, biological, and psychological causes of crime
Positivist school
The crime rate today is about what it was in:
a. 1953.
b. 1963.
c. 1973.
d. 1993.
_________________ is an alternative to incarceration which allows offenders to be
treated in the community under supervised conditions.
a. Parole
b. Probation
c. Contract-lease
d. Determinate sentencing
A structural problem with corrections is that the system depends on significant factors:
a. outside of its control.
b. that conflict with one another.
c. that cannot be administered fairly.
d. outside budget capabilities.
The circumstances in a correctional facility that, when considered as a whole, may
violate the protections guaranteed by the Eighth Amendment are known as:
a. a rational basis test.
b. totality of the conditions.
c. totality of the circumstances
d. least restrictive means test.
According to the text, which of the following is NOT one of the key issues facing
corrections today?
a. obtaining funding
b. correctional uncertainty
c. goal conflict
d. carrying out punishments
A national clearinghouse of information about correctional practices is the:
a. American Correctional Association.
b. National Institute of Corrections.
c. California Peace Officers Association.
d. American Probation and Parole Association.
Most correctional professionals believe juveniles are more susceptible than adults to the
influence of treatment programs.
a. True
b. False
Political liberals and __________encouraged reform of the prison system during the
Enlightenment period.
a. conservatives
b. religious groups
c. independents
d. wealthy businessmen
The reformative power of prison itself is often called its ‘specific deterrence” effect.
a. True
b. False
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Objective standard for defense counsel
b. Circumstances that increase seriousness of crime
c. Deserves a punishment equal to the victim’s fate
d. The three-drug protocol is constitutional
e. Developed in the late 1970s
f. Separate hearings for guilt and sentencing
g. Execution of the insane
h. Circumstances that invite mercy
i. Reinstituted death penalty
j.Death penalty unconstitutional
Retribution
Today about _________ of those on probation have been convicted of a violent offense.
a. one-fifth
b. three-quarters
c. one-third
d. one-half
The concept of selective incapacitation rests on the idea that:
a. most serious offenders require short periods of incarceration.
b. a small number of offenders are responsible for a disproportionate number of violent
and property crimes.
c. the cost of incarceration can be decreased by housing only serious violent drug
offenders.
d. the crime rate will remain relatively stable if serious felons are incarcerated for long
periods.
If the correctional mission is unclear, the best correctional strategies and techniques
often:
a. have a high rate of success.
b. work effectively.
c. do not seem to work.
d. enjoy wide public support.
Although Florida is known as the “death penalty capital of the country,” the overall
percentage of murderers sentenced to death in Florida is actually lower that it is in other
surrounding states.
a. True
b. False
The short-term history of corrections seems dominated by fads.
a. True
b. False
The courts of each state are empowered to declare correctional conditions and practices
in violation of either the state or federal constitution.
a. True
b. False
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Prison newcomer
b. Cigarettes
c. Values and norms of the prison social system
d. Goods and services not allowed by prison authorities
e. Where prisoners may purchase certain items
f. Method of learning the prison subculture
g. Construct a life within the prison with little connection to society
h. Take advantage of prison programs
i. Main source of inmate violence
j. semiautonomous institutions
Commissary