To assess __________, researchers ask children to identify classmates whom they “like
most” and “like least.”
A)peer acceptance
B)friendship quality
C)perceived popularity
D)gender typing
Baby Franklin practiced his dropping and throwing schemes, and eventually developed
an understanding of height. This achievement is an example of
A)organization.
B)accommodation.
C)equilibrium.
D)assimilation.
Heritability estimates
A)give precise information on how personality traits develop.
B)are likely to diminish the role of heredity because the environments of twin pairs are less
diverse.
C)tell researchers how environment can modify genetic influences.
D)are controversial measures because they can easily be misapplied.
Grant’s parents have noticed that he seems to be putting his personal affairs in
order-smoothing over troubled relationships and giving away treasured possessions. This
indicates that Grant may
A)be contemplating suicide.
B)be entering Erikson’s stage of identity confusion.
C)have recently experienced a friend’s suicide.
D)be about to run away from home.
Linguist Noam Chomsky reasoned that
A)children are born with a series of inborn modules that are specialized for different
aspects of language acquisition.
B)reinforcement and imitation fully explain language development in toddlers and
preschool-age children.
C)the rules of sentence organization are too complex to be directly taught to even a
cognitively sophisticated young child.
D)children’s innate desire to verbally interact with others promotes language development
in all cultures.
Pruning and reorganization of brain circuits lead to
A)decreased capacity for inhibition.
B)increased incidences of seizures.
C)poorer sustained attention.
D)gains in working-memory capacity.
Mateo was born prematurely to Yvonne, a cocaine addict. Mateo€s caregivers can expect
that
A)he will have high blood pressure.
B)his cries will be abnormally shrill and piercing.
C)he will overcome the harmful effects of drug exposure by age 3.
D)his motor development will be especially rapid during the first year.
Adolescents most frequent type of media multitasking is
A)surfing the Internet while in class.
B)listening to music while doing homework.
C)watching TV while eating dinner with their families.
D)using cell phones while watching TV.
Young infants can be classically conditioned most easily when
A)a conditioned stimulus is no longer paired with an unconditioned stimulus.
B)the conditioned response is fear.
C)the association between two stimuli has survival value.
D)a neutral stimulus is paired with an unconditioned response.
In regions with widespread poverty, famine, and disease,
A)either no secular change or a secular decrease in body size has occurred.
B)a secular increase in body size exists, but it is delayed.
C)increases in overweight and obesity are widespread.
D)the secular gain in height has slowed in recent decades.
At 2 to 3 months of age, infants
A)can detect objects represented by incomplete drawings.
B)perceive subjective boundaries that really are not present.
C)prefer the walking-human display.
D)thoroughly explore the internal features of a pattern.
Some researchers predict that emerging adulthood will become increasingly common as
__________ accelerates.
A)epistemic cognition
B)experience-dependent brain growth
C)pluralistic orientation
D)globalization
Baby Faith sucks, grasps, and looks in much the same way, no matter what experiences she
encounters. Faith is probably in Substage _____ of Piaget’s sensorimotor period.
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4