The American Correctional Association’s Code of Ethics has contributed to:
a. higher recidivism rates.
b. lower recidivism rates.
c. an emphasis on ethics and integrity.
d. higher unemployment rates in corrections.
Which case decided that private prison corporations are shielded from lawsuits brought
under the federal civil rights statute?
a. Richardson v. McKnight
b. Correction Services Corp. v. Malesko
c. Madrid v. Gomez
d. Hudson v. Palmer
A technique in which rewards or punishments are used to alter or change a person’s
behavior is:
a. behavior modification.
b. behavior profiling.
c. a reward system.
d. positive modification.
Boot camps began in adult corrections but are more recently used in juvenile
corrections.
a. True
b. False
Prisoners on death row:
a. frequently have limited intellectual ability and substance abuse issues.
b. typically have a high level of education.
c. typically have strong support systems.
d. none of these choices.
Most citizens are interested in offenders serving most of their imposed sentence in
prison. This is known as:
a. truth-in-sentencing.
b. presumptive sentencing.
c. indeterminate sentencing.
d. sentencing guidelines.
Maconochie’s mark system used in Norfolk Island was politically popular in England.
a. True
b. False
In 1854, Walter Crofton, a retired navy officer, was sent to introduce the progressive
state system at the prison at Mountjoy, near Dublin. The complete program became
known as the:
a. Irish Mark System.
b. Scottish Mark.
c. Ticket to leave.
d. Ticket to paradise.
Which of the following is an indication of nonprofessional behavior?
a. sharing rumors on inmates
b. turning on mobile devices
c. falling asleep while on duty
d. all of these
There is ongoing judicial interaction with each participant in:
a. traffic courts.
b. drug courts.
c. civil courts.
d. divorce courts.
Pressing issues in women’s prisons include:
a. problems posed by motherhood.
b. the quality of prison healthcare.
c. the sexual victimization of women prisoners.
d. all of these choices.
Nathan and Thomas were both just convicted of felonies and sentenced to prison.
Nathan was convicted of attempted murder. Thomas was convicted of stealing
multiple vehicles. Both offenders have juvenile records, but this is their first
conviction in adult court. Nathan is being sent to a state institution. Thomas is
being sent to a private prison in the state.
While incarcerated, Thomas files a lawsuit against the private prison corporation,
charging a 1983 violation. He also files a lawsuit against the officer that he alleges used
excessive force and violence. What case held that correctional officers employed by a
private firm are not entitled to a qualified immunity from suit by prisoners charging a
section 1983 violation?
a. Richardson v. McKnight
b. Correction Services Corp. v. Malesko
c. Madrid v. Gomez
d. Hudson v. Palmer
Female offenders are more likely than males to be convicted of a nonviolent crime and
be incarcerated for a low-level involvement in drug offenses.
a. True
b. False
A person who protects citizens against governmental abuses is known as a:
a. corrections officer.
b. clown.
c. corrections ombudsman.
d. warden.
The warden examines the body at the time of execution and pronounces death.
a. True
b. False
The intent of boot camps is to improve youths’ self-confidence and sense of
self-reliance.
a. True
b. False
Scott was arrested for the crimes of aggravated assault and possession of a firearm
by a convicted felon. Scott was previously convicted of burglary, theft, assault, and
several drug offenses. He previously served a 1-year prison sentence for the
burglary conviction. Scott was only out of prison 4 months before he was arrested
on these new charges. Prior to his first prison sentence, Scott was on probation for
his theft, assault, and drug charges.
Who will be responsible for enforcing the criminal law by trying to obtain a conviction
against Scott for the crime of aggravated assault?
a. the prosecutor
b. the judge
c. the probation officer
d. the jury
The most widely adopted of the cognitive-behavioral interventions is the cognitive
thinking skills program.
a. True
b. False
People born outside the United States make up about 35 percent of California’s adult
population but represent only about 17 percent of the state prison population.
a. True
b. False
The contract labor and convict lease systems were precursors of:
a. chain gangs.
b. private prisons.
c. prison industries.
d. prison riots.
Every state has its own department of corrections.
a. True
b. False
Howard is being transferred from the county jail to the state correctional system.
He has never been to prison before and does not know what to expect. He is
speaking to another inmate named Darryl on the bus ride over. Darryl has been to
prison many times before and is familiar with the processes that inmates go
through.
Darryl knows the institution he will be sent to because of his criminal history and his
previous records within the institution. He is more concerned that he will not receive
the work assignment that he wants. He prefers to work in the kitchen. Which process
will determine the work assignment that Darryl will receive?
a. external classification
b. general classification
c.. internal classification
d. specific classification
The assistant warden for programming is typically someone who has been promoted
through the ranks, beginning perhaps as a caseworker.
a. True
b. False
Gender neutral sentences have:
a. placed more women behind bars.
b. allowed women to get away with crimes that males are typically charged with.
c. had no effect on women.
d. all of these choices.
Currently, the federal system of prisons holds about ____percent of the 1,600,000
prisoners.
a. 25
b. 30
c. 12
d. 6
What is the practice that permitted convicted offenders to remain free if they agreed to
take care of their debt obligation with the state?
a. banishment
b. judicial reprieve
c. probation
d. recognizance
In 1773, the Walnut Street Jail was constructed in Philadelphia in which prisoners were
employed in hard labor in the institution and released during the day to repair and clean
streets and highways.
a. True
b. False
Total institution is a term describing an institution that has total control over all aspects
of those within it.
a. True
b. False
The first large prisons to hold convicted criminals can be traced back to European
dungeons of the Middle Ages.
a. True
b. False
The number of elderly jail inmates during the last decade has:
a. decreased.
b. remained the same.
c. tripled.
d. doubled.
Prison gangs usually specialize in:
a. economic victimization.
b. staying close to each other.
c. attacking corrections officers.
d. tattoos.
In 1935, the __________________ Act made the transportation of prison-made goods
in interstate commerce a federal crime.
a. Ashurst-Sumners
b. Prison Profitability
c. Cincinnati Project
d. Hawes-Cooper