When we say that anthropology is characterized by seeing the whole picture, getting the
broadest view possible, anthropologists generally use the adjective
a. holistic
b. relativistic
c. theoretical
d. comparative
Using more than one dialect (or language) in a single conversation is referred to as:
a. code switching.
b. portmanteau construction.
c. code talking.
d. dialectology.
Code-switching between American Sign Language and SEE
a. is extremely rare, and only occurs among fluent signers.
b. can mark a boundary between the Deaf and hearing communities.
c. indicates that the signer is deaf, but not a member of the Deaf community.
d. will cause the signer to be ostracized from the Deaf community.
Gestures that control or coordinate interaction, such as indicating that it is someone
else’s turn to talk during conversation, are called:
a. emblems.
b. regulators.
c. illustrators.
d. adaptors.
Cognates are:
a. words that can have more than one meaning depending on the individual.
b. words with exactly the same pronunciation and meaning in different languages.
c. words that are used by the elite members of a society to mark their status.
d. words related by descent from a common language.
The design feature of language that refers to the fact that discrete units of language at
one level (such as sounds) can be combined to create different kinds of units at a
different level (such as words) is which of the following?
a. discreteness
b. displacement
c. productivity
d. duality of patterning
Consider the following KiSwahili data:
subjects: -ni = I; u- = you; tu- = we
tenses -na- = present tense -li- = past tense; -ta- = future tense
objects: -ni- = me -ku- = you -tu- = us
stems: -ona = see -penda = like -sikia = hear
Using this data how would you translate the English phrase You will like us into
KiSwahili?
a. Kutatuona
b. Tutakupenda
c. Kulitupenda
d. Utatupenda
e. Kutatupenda
A situation where two or more varieties of the same language are used by speakers in
different kinds of settings is called what?
a. slang
b. diglossia
c. lexochronotology
d. bilingualism
Linguistic anthropologists use ______________________________________ to
identify categories of words in a language.
a. competence and performance.
b. determinism and relativity.
c. substitution frames.
d. universal underlying sentence types.
The strong emphasis on fieldwork in American anthropology traces its origins to the
teachings of which of the following?
a. Socrates
b. Martin Luther King, Jr.
c. Franz Boas
d. Ferdinand deSaussure
By employing the comparative method, linguistic anthropologists have discovered that
learning a new language consists mostly of learning new labels for the same things.
a. true
b. false
A predictable pattern of allophone distribution in a language is referred to as
conditioned variation. Another technical term for this is:
a) complementary variation.
b) complementary distribution.
c) contrastive distribution.
d) technical distribution.
The process of creating new words from existing words (e.g., creating verbs from
nouns) by affixation is called:
a. morphing.
b. inflection.
c. hierarchy.
d. derivation.
According to linguistic anthropologist Shirley Brice Heath, occasions in which
individuals attempt to read and/or write are called:
a. round robins.
b. public writing.
c. blogging.
d. literacy events.
Benjamin Lee Whorf wrote that “users of markedly different grammars are pointed by
their grammars towards different types of observations and different evaluations of
externally similar acts of observation, and hence are not equivalent as observers but
must arrive at somewhat different views of the world.” He called this his:
a) principle of linguistic relativity.
b) principle of linguistic differentness.
c) principle of linguistic obligation.
d) principle of grammatical determinism.
A language that is written from right to left is:
a. Arabic.
b. English.
c. Chinese.
d. Japanese.
Which of the following uses a single picture to represent two or more words that sound
the same? For example, a picture of the sun represents both the English words son and
sun.
a. L337 speak
b. rebus writing
c. logographic writing
d. pictographic “writing”
An applied dimension to anthropology
a. is a direct violation of the code of ethics of the American Anthropological
Association.
b. has been formally recognized as a fifth subdiscipline.
c. is included in all subdisciplines of anthropology.
d. has no place in linguistic anthropology, although it may exist in other subdisciplines.
Berlin and Kay’s research suggested that color terms emerged during cultural
development in an orderly fashion. They believed the first three stages of emergence
were:
a) (1) red, (2) blue, (3) black and white.
b) (1) black and white, (2) red, (3) greenor yellow.
c) (1) black and white, (2) blue, (3) green.
d) (1) red and blue, (2) black and white, (3) grey.
Sign languages such as American Sign Language and German Sign Language
a. use the same gestures and patterns of gesture.
b. are complex gestural systems.
c. are natural languages with the same structural complexity as spoken language.
d. have been shown to be lexically impoverished, and lack any linguistic community.
The root morpheme in the English word farmers is:
a. arm.
b. farm.
c. farmer.
d. farmers.
A recent challenge to the idea of linguistic relativity came from Berlin and Kay’s study
of:
a) basic color terms.
b) essential kin types.
c) words for water.
d) words for snow.
A group of people who share a single language variety and focus their identity around
that language is called a:
a. linguistic community.
b. speech community.
c. community of practice.
d. competent community.
The design feature of language that refers to the fact that the sounds of human language
are sent out in all directions, but that listeners perceive those sounds as coming from a
specific direction is referred to as:
a. vocal auditory channel.
b. broadcast transmission and directional reception.
c. interchangeability.
d. total feedback.
Performing the same sign with the hand at forehead or nose level, when signing ASL,
a. has no impact on the meaning of the sign.
b. inflects, but does completely change, the meaning of the sign.
c. creates a minimal pair.
d. is an example of a difference in sig.
Which of the following uses graphic signs to represent individual consonants and
vowels?
a. alphabetic writing
b. logosyllabic writing
c. syllabic writing
d. ideographic writing
Whorf’s principle of linguistic relativity argues that different languages represent
different
a) levels of evolutionary sophistication in different cultures
b) ways of perceiving and thinking about the world
c) geographical surroundings
d) individual abilities
The phrase “A language is more than its dictionary and grammar” means that:
a. social and cultural contexts affect the way language is used.
b. languages change too fast for dictionaries to keep up.
c. you need at least two dictionaries to learn another language thoroughly.
d. a good dictionary must include a thesaurus.
Nasalization, alteration of pitch, and lengthening, are examples of
a) allophones.
b) supersegmentals
c) paralanguage.
d) articulatory phonetics.
A chart showing how words in a specific semantic domain are related to one another is
called a
a) frame of reference.
b) componential analysis.
c) taxonomy.
d) mental map.
Which of the following refers to a graphic mark that represents a specific idea or
meaning?
a. phonetic sign
b. semantic sign
c. pedantic sign
d. reflexive sign