John Bargh and colleagues’ study of implicit stereotyping (1996) found that
subliminally priming young people with the image of an elderly person caused them to
a. answer questions more slowly in interviews.
b. write more slowly on questionnaires.
c. walk down the hall more slowly after the experiment.
d. be more forgetful during the experiment.
In fiscal year 2011, Social Security and Medicare accounted for________of all federal
spending.
a. 6%
b. 16%
c. 36%
d. 46%
Key structural, or anatomical, features of the neuron include all the following except
a. axons.
b. dendrites.
c. terminal branches.
d. synapses.
Evidence suggests there are no age-related deficits in memory processes such as
language comprehension, the structure of language, and the activation of general
knowledge. This is because_______is relatively spared in normal aging.
a. long-term memory
b. working memory
c. episodic memory
d. semantic memory
John has driven the same short route to work every day for the last seven years. Today
he arrived at work and
realized he really didn’t remember any of his drive. This is an example of
a. automatic processing.
b. effortful processing.
c. divided attention.
d. attentional capacity.
Executive functioning failures in older adults can be seen when older adults
a. have difficulty factoring out false information in an article they are reading.
b. have trouble recognizing familiar faces.
c. have problems maintaining their balance and coordination.
d. experience visual difficulties such as distinguishing certain colors and reduced night
vision.
Melissa spent 20 years in school to earn an advanced degree. She just started her first
job and realized that what she was taught in school is not really the way that the career
works. Melissa is experiencing
a. occupational expectations.
b. occupational reality.
c. reality shock.
d. career expectations.
What people want during a particular time in their lives and within specific domains,
including their strategies, plans, and defenses used to get what they want, are termed
a. defense mechanisms.
b. life skills.
c. personal concerns.
d. contextual traits.
An 82-year-old woman decides she is not able to safely drive on the highways anymore.
She decides highway driving is not necessary because she can get to most locations by
taking smaller back roads. According to Heckhausen, Wrosch, and Schulz, this is an
example of
a. primary control.
b. secondary control.
c. possible selves.
d. problem-focused coping mechanisms.
In a classic study by Whitbourne and colleagues (1995), infantilizing speech was
viewed as by older adults and was not , as some researchers had previously suggested.
a. positive; demeaning
b. negative; nurturing
c. neutral; demoralizing
d. negative; age appropriate
You recently read a study in which the researchers concluded that after age 60, women’s
IQs drop dramatically. This conclusion was based upon comparisons of women born
between 1910-1930 and women born between 1960- 1980. Based upon this
information, the comment you would most likely make is
a. this is not a valid result because men were not included in the study.
b. longitudinal research doesn”t work well when looking at IQ over time.
c. cohort effects likely account for the observed differences.
d. whoever conducted this study is negatively biased against older women.
Plasticity refers to
a. development and aging involving both decline and growth.
b. the ability to change and improve abilities over time and with development.
c. the fact that each of us is affected by a variety of factors, both positive and negative.
d. our differing cultural backgrounds.
In deciding what the optimal housing arrangement might be for an older person (at
home, in cluster housing, in assisted living, etc.) one particularly critical component in
making this decision is
a. the physician’s assessment of what is best.
b. the cost of the various options.
c. the involvement of the person in question, to the extent possible.
d. the range of services provided at each facility.
Improvements in your memory as the result of being previously exposed to the
information without actively trying to remember it is known as
a. implicit memory.
b. recognition memory.
c. remote memory.
d. explicit memory.
About_________ of workplace cases of sexual harassment that result in formal legal
charges involve male victims.
a. .02%
b. 7%
c. 9%
d. 16%
Which of the following is not a role of mentors?
a. helping the protege to avoid trouble
b. ensuring that the protege gets noticed
c. introducing the protege to potential mates
d. providing advice on finding another job
Dr. Geron Tology wants to survey young adults, middle-aged adults, and older adults on
their physical health. Which research design is Dr. Tology most likely to use?
a. cross-sectional
b. longitudinal
c. experimental
d. sequential
Removing the feeding tube of person in a persistent vegetative state
a. is illegal.
b. is an example of active euthanasia.
c. is an example of passive euthanasia.
d. is a unique situation that can be classified as both active and passive euthanasia.
The two groups of drugs that work to enhance memory, cholinesterase inhibitors and
memantine, work through
a. neurotransmitters.
b. changing the structure of the brain.
c. reducing neural tangles.
d. their effect on the corpus callosum.
Mrs. Jones keeps mixing her blue and green medications, which can have serious
effects on her health. The most likely cause of her difficulty with blues and greens is
due to
a. light adaptation.
b. macular degeneration.
c. presbyopia.
d. yellowing of the lens.
Going from inside a dark movie theater back out into the sunshine requires
a. light adaptation.
b. dark adaptation.
c. presbyopia.
d. accommodation.
What typically occurs with regard to height and weight in old age?
a. People gain weight from middle through late adulthood while they lose height.
b. People lose weight across late adulthood and gain height.
c. Women lose height and weight while men gain height and weight.
d. People tend to lose weight and height across late adulthood.
Which of the following is important when considering the best living options for older
adults?
a. whether there is significant cognitive or physical impairment requiring intervention
or support
b. whether the current home situation can be modified
c. the ability of family and friends to provide support
d. all of the above
The American Cancer Society recommends a baseline mammogram for women
a. 30 years and older.
b. 40 years and older.
c. 50 years and older.
d. There is no set recommendation.
The most rapid increases in average longevity at birth occurred in the first half of the
20th century largely due to
a. a reduction in maternal smoking.
b. an increase in maternal mortality.
c. declines in infant mortality rates.
d. lack of access to childhood immunizations.
The purpose of Project ACTIVE was to study
a. inductive reasoning.
b. older persons’ use of mnemonic devices.
c. training of primary mental abilities.
d. vocabulary changes over the life span.
Making your wishes known about how you want the end of your life to be is known as
a. a final scenario.
b. death anxiety.
c. end-of-life issues.
d. the dying process.
The results of Adams and colleagues’ study of adults’ storytelling illustrate the
importance of considering
a. social context when examining age-related performance.
b. processing demands when examining age-related performance.
c. causal attributions when examining age-related performance.
d. gender when examining age-related performance.
To understand the overall health of a person requires not only understanding their
biological functioning but also their
a. psychological functioning.
b. sociocultural functioning.
c. life-cycle forces.
d. all of the these.
Conflict between young/middle-aged adults and older adults has not traditionally been a
source of serious problems in society because
a. older adults made up a small portion of the overall population.
b. family ties between adult children and their parents worked against conflict.
c. middle-aged people were reluctant to withdraw support from programs for older
individuals.
d. all of the above are reasons why intergenerational conflict has remained low.
What three factors must be considered when understanding social belief systems?
__________ is the study of the interface between human values and technological
advances in health and life sciences.
What are factors that preserve memory?
Describe the relationship between stereotypes of aging and the practice of ageism.
Include a definition and an example of each term.
What happens to people’s first impressions as a function of age?
What is the Elder Justice Act?
Special care units require special training in________.
Changes in women’s reproductive system are generically referred to as . The most
pronounced of these changes involves the cessation of menstruation and ovulation,
which is called____________________.
When one person becomes aggressive towards a partner, it becomes
a(n)_______relationship.
What are the characteristics of marriage in later life?
A brain autopsy following the suicide of former NFL player Dave Duerson revealed he
suffered from chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) caused by repeated________.
Describe the factors that increase a couple’s likelihood of getting a divorce.
Briefly describe the components and their developmental trajectory in Denney’s model
of unexercised and optimally
exercised abilities.
If clinicians and physicians hold negative or positive____________about individuals in
certain groups, these can get in the way of obtaining an accurate assessment of a
patient’s problems.
Feelings of sadness experienced on the birthday of a person who died 10 years ago
reflect a(n)____________________ reaction.
Adult dwelling units (ADUs) provide independence and support for .
There is a decrease in the processing of negative emotional information and an increase
in the processing of positive emotional information that occurs with_________.
The________approach allows for real-time investigation of changes in brain function
as they affect cognitive performance in older adults.
_______is a degenerative bone disease. It is more common in women than in men. The
bone tissue deteriorates severely and takes on a honeycomb-like appearance.
If you read a study that said eating foods high in trans fats were associated with greater
longevity and increased mental stamina in old age, what additional study information
would you want to know in order to evaluate this finding?