A hypothesis may become a theory if:
A.it is quantifiable
B.a majority of the scientific community attests to its accuracy
C.it is tested numerous times and not rejected
D.all of these
E.none of these
Homo erectus subsistence practices are best defined as:
A.wholly dependent on wild plant foods
B.predominantly based on the procurement of meat through consistent hunting
C.a combination of gathering supplemented by occasional hunting and scavenging
D.large communal big game hunting
E.essentially comparable to that of chimpanzees
The Paranthropoids are best characterized by which of the following statements?
A.a short lived, evolutionary experiment
B.early hominins with many ancestral traits
C.a stable, specialized adaptation
D.the first tool users
E.all of these
Groups with a subsistence strategy of relying on a wide range of locally available foods
which are brought back to base camps are defined as:
A.collectors
B.foragers
C.seasonal extractors
D.residentially mobile
E.Paleo-Indians
Mammals that are characterized by internal fertilization and development of their young
are known as:
A.placental
B.ectothermic
C.heterodonts
D.specialized
E.altricial
The study of the human past, primarily through material remains, is known as:
A.paleoanthropology
B.archaeology
C.ethnographic
D.cultural anthropology
E.none of these
What species likely represents the first domesticated animal?
A.cat
B.dog
C.horse
D.cattle
E.sheep
Lamark’s contributions to the study of evolution include:
A.the definition of the term ‘biology’
B.recognition of the dynamic relationship between environment and organisms
C.the inheritance of acquired characteristics
D.all of the above
E.only B and C
Which of the following best characterizes the current threats to mountain gorillas?
A.poaching
B.land clearing
C.civil war
D.all of the above
E.only A and B
The spatial and temporal relationships between artifacts and features is known as:
A.context
B.taphonomy
C.palynology
D.absolute dating
E.site survey
Agriculture is defined as:
A.the propagation and exploitation of plants and animals by humans
B.the process of teaching animals to be tame
C.the presence of genetic changes that render plants and animals dependent on humans
D.the intensive use of plants and animals by humans
E.the process of intentionally growing plants
What aspects of the Dmanisi hominins question the traditional view of Homo erectus
migration from Africa?
A.Their stone tool assemblage resembles the Oldowan tradition.
B.They possess smaller bodies.
C.They possess cranial traits, including thinner browridges and projecting faces
reminiscent of earlier Homo forms.
D.all of the above
E.only B and C
Which of the following statements best fits with the idea of evolution through natural
selection as proposed by Darwin and Wallace?
A.Individual organisms acquire traits that make them more adapted to their
environments.
B.Natural selection works primarily on the individual.
C.The primary measure of fitness is the ability of a population to successfully compete
with another species.
D.Most species have remained relatively stable throughout long periods of geologic
time.
E.all of these
What environmental factor resulted in the increased frequency of the sickle cell trait in
some human populations?
A.malaria
B.HIV/AIDS
C.global warming
D.tuberculosis
E.none of these
The term locus refers to:
A.the position on a chromosome where a given gene occurs
B.the alternate form of a trait
C.the stage of meiosis when chromosomes are connected at the centromere
D.the location of the chromosome within an autosome
E.all of these
The development of writing during the Shang dynasty in China was typically associated
with what function?
A.recording economic transactions
B.the process of divination or prophecy
C.religious texts
D.records of the succession of royal families
E.property records
The Folsom and Plano cultures are primarily associated with use in hunting what type
of animal?
A.deer
B.bison
C.mammoths
D.camelids
E.sloths
Which absolute dating technique is most often used on hominin sites?
A.radiocarbon
B.thermoluminescence
C.fluorine analysis
D.potassium argon
E.dendrochronology
Generally speaking, most primates can be said to be:
A.insectivorous
B.seed eaters
C.omnivorous
D.carnivorous
E.leaf eaters
Mutations typically are defined by:
A.an alteration to DNA bases
B.the change in the structure of a chromosome
C.an alteration in the number of chromosomes
D.all of the above
E.only B and C
The earliest farming cultures in Europe likely resulted from:
A.the independent development of domestication
B.the migration of farmers from the Near East
C.the diffusion of crops and the idea of agriculture
D.all of the above
E.only B and C
African H. heidelbergensis fossils most closely resemble those from what other part of
the world?
A.Indonesia
B.Eastern Asia
C.Australia
D.Europe
E.none of the above
Neural tube disorders, such as spina bifida, have been associated with which of the
following?
A.insufficient exposure to ultraviolet radiation
B.too much vitamin D
C.deficient amounts of folate
D.too few melanocytes
E.insufficient amounts of vitamin D
The field that specializes in establishing rules of classification is known as:
A.cladistics
B.taxonomy
C.phylogenetics
D.evolutionary systematics
E.all of these
What aspects of Homo erectus behavior indicate that it represents a major change in
adaptive strategy
A.greater dependence on meat resources
B.commitment to a cultural way of life
C.establishment of more permanent living sites
D.expansion outside of Africa
E.all of these
The microorganisms responsible for infectious disease are known as:
A.vectors
B.zoonoses
C.endemic
D.pathogens
E.pandemics
What environmental conditions made Late Pleistocene Europe ideal for hunters?
A.mixed forest/grassland environment
B.glaciers
C.different sea levels
D.large tundra/grassland areas
E.all of these
The two major groupings of prosimians are:
A.lemurs and tarsiers
B.marmosets and howler monkeys
C.baboons and macaques
D.lemurs and lorises
E.tarsiers and small-bodied apes
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium predicts that evolution does not occur, providing
which of the following mechanisms are not present?
A.genetic drift
B.mutation
C.gene flow
D.natural selection
E.all of these
Which of the following represent the primary differences between evolutionary
systematics and cladistics?
A.use of specific features for comparison
B.employed by evolutionary biologists
C.selective use of homologies employed
D.focus exclusively on homologies
E.all of these