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41. According to research on sex differences in the brain, women are _______________
compared to men.
a. equally likely to multitask
b. more likely to multitask
c. less likely to succeed at multitasking
d. less likely to multitask
42. When a friend’s message is so complicated that it is difficult to comprehend without taking
time away from the message (and the speaker), we say the message is high in
a. emotional noise.
b. purpose.
c. meaning.
d. complexity.
43. Pearl is learning a complicated knitting technique and finds her mind struggling to absorb
the information as the teacher shows her the multistep process. Since Pearl really wants to
learn this technique, the fact she finds it difficult to pay attention to the speaker is probably
related to
a. message complexity.
b. emotional noise.
c. cognitive distractions.
d. premature judgment.
44. Behaviors that appear to look like listening but are, in fact, counterproductive to good
listening are called ___________ listening styles.
a. counterintuitive
b. counterfeit
c. imposter
d. deceptive
45. When Jackie talked to her best friend Emily about a recent breakup, she noticed that
although Emily appeared to be listening (eye contact, verbal responses at the right places,
etc.), she seemed distracted. In this case, Emily may have been using
a. stagehogging.
b. defensive listening.
c. advising.
d. pseudolistening.
46. Sometimes when listening to others, we screen the message for certain topics or issues to
which we either respond or ignore. This is known as
a. emotional noise.
b. defensive listening.
c. stagehogging.
d. selective listening.
430
47. ___________ involves perceiving criticism in a message when none is intended by the
speaker.
a. Stagehogging
b. Critical listening
c. Selective listening
d. Defensive listening
48. ____________ is one of the worst counterfeit listening styles because one response can
trigger a downward spiral of increasingly negative communication.
a. Stagehogging
b. Selective listening
c. Defensive listening
d. Critical listening
49. Grace asked her friend, Kerri, “How did you do on the exam?” Kerri replied nastily, “You
know I didn’t study as much as I should have for that exam. How do you think I did?”
Kerri’s curt and rude response is typical of
a. stagehogging.
b. selective listening.
c. defensive listening.
d. critical listening.
50. Stagehogging occurs when someone’s talking to us, and we use something the speaker says
as an opening to
a. to ask other questions of the speaker.
b. hurt the other person.
c. talk about a story of our own.
d. talk about our desire to be performers.
51. Although stagehogging is sometimes intended as a form of one-upmanship, it can also result
from a sincere attempt to
a. overwhelm the audience.
b. relate to the speaker.
c. relate to the message.
d. show the person a lack of support.
52. Some listening styles are ___________ ways of responding to a speaker and show interest
in, and empathy for, the person and situation.
a. fake
b. selective
c. counterfeit
d. authentic
53. According to your text, when we are using authentic listening styles, we show our interest
through ________ and __________ responses.
a. selective; proprietary
b. temporary; permanent
c. verbal; nonverbal
d. prepared; unprepared
54. Of the available authentic listening styles, __________ and ____________ are considered
controversial.
a. paraphrasing; supporting
b. advising; evaluating
c. analyzing; questioning
d. minimally encouraging; supporting
55. A listening style in which the responder offers advice is known as the __________ style.
a. evaluating
b. advising
c. analyzing
d. supporting
56. According to Goldsmith and Fitch (1997), even when someone asks us our opinion, the
_________ listening style is typically the least helpful response.
a. evaluating
b. advising
c. analyzing
d. supporting
433
57. When listeners respond to us with a statement that makes a judgment about us or our
situation, this is known as a(n) ___________ listening style.
a. advising
b. evaluating
c. analyzing
d. questioning
58. Nora isn’t doing well in her class, and she asks her friend, Jami, what she should do. Jami’s
response is, “Just drop it.” Rather than listening to Nora’s concerns about the class or her
performance, Jami jumped to _________, one of the controversial listening styles.
a. advising
b. evaluation
c. analyzing
d. questioning
59. One effective listening style involves offering a different perspective on the issue. This style
is also known as
a. advising.
b. evaluating.
c. analyzing.
d. questioning.
60. One advantage of the analyzing style of listening is it offers the speaker
a. support for his or her perspective.
b. a possible explanation or alternative viewpoint he or she may not have considered.
c. the opportunity to review only one side of a dilemma.
d. to get something off his or her chest.
61. The ___________ style of listening encourages speakers to continue talking about their
concerns and also shows the listener’s interest.
a. advising
b. evaluating
c. analyzing
d. questioning
62. One situation in which questioning responses may be ineffective involves asking questions
a. targeted at helping the listener sort through the issue.
b. which clarify the point.
c. which satisfy the personal curiosity of the listener.
d. which relate to the issue at hand.
63. When we encourage the speaker to continue by giving short, yet unintrusive responses, we
are relying on the __________ style.
a. supporting
b. minimally encouraging
c. paraphrasing
d. questioning
435
64. According to the _________ style of listening, we should say things that validate the
speaker’s thoughts or feelings and let him or her know we understand.
a. supporting
b. minimally encouraging
c. paraphrasing
d. questioning
65. Which of the following styles would be less effective if a person has a lot to get off his or
her chest?
a. Minimally encouraging
b. Supporting
c. Analyzing
d. Paraphrasing
66. The most broadly effective, but difficult to master, response style is the
a. supporting.
b. minimally encouraging.
c. questioning.
d. paraphrasing.
67. ______________ is a listening response that reflects what the speaker is feeling or thinking
and is expressed in a way that encourages the speaker to continue.
a. Paraphrasing
b. Supporting
c. Minimally encouraging
d. Advising
68. Paraphrasing responses should be used
a. across all situations.
b. when you are short on time.
c. when you are unable to expend a lot of effort.
d. when the person with whom you are talking is important to you and when you have time
to focus on the conversation.
69. According to Tannen (1990), men tend to communicate to ___________ and women tend to
communicate to
a. create harmonious relationships; gain status.
b. gain status; create harmonious relationships.
c. use less authentic styles; use more authentic styles.
d. decrease authority; increase authority.
70. In general, men are more likely to take a(n) __________ approach to listening than are
women.
a. empathy-oriented
b. verbal
c. problem-solving
d. cooperative
71. Compared to men, women are more likely to take a(n) _________ approach to listening.
a. empathy-oriented
b. verbal
c. problem-solving
d. cooperative
72. Christine gets frustrated when talking with her husband about work. When she wants to
vent, he is “solving” her problems before she can even finish describing them. This
fundamental difference in communication style comes from her tendency to take a(n)
____________ approach and his tendency to take a(n) _____________ approach.
a. empathy-oriented; problem-solving
b. problem-solving; empathy-oriented
c. verbal; nonverbal
d. questioning; minimally supporting
73. In a classroom situation, our listening goal involves listening
a. to help.
b. for information.
c. to provide a service.
d. as a habit.
74. One way to consider the speaker’s needs involves
a. thinking about your own message.
b. understanding what he or she needs from you.
c. knowing your own limits of time and attention.
d. listening for your own feelings, as well as thoughts.
75. One of the best ways to maintain attention when dealing with a speaker’s complex message
involves organizing information. According to your text, this is also known as
a. schematic organization.
b. mentally summarizing key ideas.
c. hierarchical organization.
d. message evaluation.
