Instructor Resource
Neck, Self-Leadership, 2e
1. Any characteristic that can be different between two people is called a(n) ______.
a. personality trait
b. individual difference
c. experience
d. self-leadership
2. Which of the following would be an example of individual differences?
a. work experience and educational background
b. educational background and age
c. age and gender
d. age, gender, work experience, and educational background
3. A relatively stable pattern of traits and characteristics that help shape a person’s
behavior and make them unique is:
a. experience
b. individual differences
c. personality
d. self-leadership skills
4. Self-leadership can change which of the following?
a. optimism and happiness
b. personality traits
c. personality traits
d. gender, age, and cultural background
5. The Big 5 personality trait that has been consistently shown to have a particularly
strong relationship with self-leadership is ______.
a. conscientiousness
b. extraversion
c. openness to experience
d. agreeableness
6. Which of the following personality types on the Myers-Briggs Type indicator would
they be most likely to benefit from utilizing self-leadership skills?
a. ESTJ
b. INFP
c. INTP
d. ESTP
7. Which of the following statement describes a set of preference dyads for MBTI?
a. extraverts and perceivers
b. thinkers and feelers
c. sensing and judging
d. introverts and intuitives
Instructor Resource
Neck, Self-Leadership, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2020
8. Which of the following would represent an individual who is a natural self-leader?
a. high self-monitor
b. low self-monitor
c. external locus of control
d. low conscientiousness
9. An individual who prefers a highly structured and non-autonomous job situation would
be likely to engage in which of the following?
a. low self-leadership
b. moderate self-leadership
c. high self-leadership
d. no self-leadership
10. Which of the following groups is more likely according to research to engage in self–
leadership strategies?
a. young people
b. older people
c. middle-aged people
d. elderly people
11. Which of the following groups is more likely according to research to engage in self–
leadership strategies?
a. males
b. females
c. neither
d. There has not been definitive research showing that one group is more likely to
engage in self-leadership.
12. Self-leadership in a masculine culture may be motivated by which of the following?
a. material outcomes and enhancing relationships
b. economic outcomes and enhancing relationships
c. material outcomes and economic outcomes
d. enhancing relationships
13. Which of the five cultural dimensions are likely to lead to individuals engaging in
self-leadership?
a. individualism and power distance
b. masculinity and power distance
c. uncertainty avoidance and individualism
d. All of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions are likely to influence engagement in self–
leadership.
14. Which of the following demonstrates self-leadership for personal problems?
a. imaging successful assertiveness
b. using negative statements to decrease weight
c. watching TV to control smoking
d. laughing at mean people
15. What is an example of self-leadership in athletes?
a. focus on negative cues
b. focus of winning
c. focus of process goals
d. focus of the opponents
16. A boundaryless career is also known as a ______.
a. protean career
b. traditional career
c. self-leadership
d. directed career
17. An example of a person in a highly autonomous position is ______.
a. factory worker
b. hospital nurse
c. car mechanic
d. entrepreneur
18. Which of the following can be used to help create a better work-family balance?
a. self-leadership
b. protean career
c. personality
d. locus of control
19. What types of personal problems have been used to alter dysfunctional, habitual
behaviors?
a. weight loss and eating problems
b. eating problems
c. smoking problems and eating problems
d. weight loss, weight problems, and smoking problems
20. Taylor Swift exhibited which of the following self-leading principles?
a. negative cues
b. purpose
c. defending herself
d. avoiding difficult tasks
21. An area of research that has taken self-leadership strategies and applied them to
sports is sports ______.
a. self-leadership
b. psychology
c. self-influence
d. personalities
22. The use of which of the following self-leadership strategies can be useful in
completing a mile in a specific time for a runner?
a. self-observation
b. self-goal-setting
c. self-punishment
d. self-reward
23.Some of the self-leadership choices when we select an organization for our work are
______.
a. social responsibility
b. personal outcomes
c. ethical standards
d. all of these
24. Which of the following self-leadership strategies can be most useful in improving
free throw shooting for a basketball player?
Instructor Resource
Neck, Self-Leadership, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2020
a. self-observation
b. self-talk
c. self-goal-setting
d. self-reward
25. Which of the following self-leadership strategies has been shown to be useful for
swimmers preparing for the feeling of the water, strokes, and breathing before the race?
a. thought patterns
b. mental imagery
c. beliefs and assumption
d. self-talk
26. Which of the following self-leadership strategies can be useful when working in an
autonomous job setting?
a. setting personal goals and self-punishment
b. rehearsing sales presentations
c. seeking natural rewards of the job and using self-punishment
d. setting personal goals, rehearsing sales presentations, and seeking natural rewards
of the job
27. A particularly interesting example that is challenging and invites the usage of self–
leadership skills according to the text is ______.
a. sales
b. entrepreneurship
Instructor Resource
Neck, Self-Leadership, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2020
c. management
d. R and D
28. Which problems related to management may self-leadership skills be applied to?
a. stress
b. personal effectiveness
c. managing time
d. all of these
29. The increase in ______ has placed a greater importance on the usage of self–
leadership skills.
a. self-managed teams
b. globalization
c. multinational corporations
d. crisis teams
30. Which productivity problems may be solved using self-leadership skills?
a. pay
b. monotony of work
c. personal effectiveness
d. managing time
1. Individual differences are any item on which different people can have different
characteristics.
2. The relationship between self-leadership and extraversion has been consistently
found to be the strongest between self-leadership and the Big 5 personality traits.
3. There has been a significant relationship that has been found, showing that males
are more likely to engage in self-leadership strategies than females.
4. A protean career is another name for a traditional career path.
5. Self-leadership has been shown to positively relate to and improve weight loss,
eating problems, and smoking problems.
6. The most common self-leadership strategies for improving athletic performance that
have been used are self-goal setting and mental imagery.
7. Self-leadership is not of importance when individuals are placed in uniquely
autonomous jobs.
8. Self-leadership is important for nonmanagement employees.
1. Describe what is meant by the concept of individual differences. What are some
examples of items that can be individual differences? Are self-leadership abilities
something that is an individual difference? If so, please explain why.
2. Individuals come from a variety of diverse backgrounds. With specific importance to
self-leadership, how have different age groups, genders, and cultures embraced
engagement in self-leadership strategies?
3. Identify what a protean career is and how self-leadership strategies can influence this
career. How can the protean career play a role in a work–life balance?
4. Explain the role of self-leadership strategies in various athletic endeavors. What self-
leadership strategies can impact success in athletics to varying degrees?
5. Discuss the relationships that have been examined between self-leadership and the
Big 5 personality traits? What do these findings show in relationships to self-leadership?
6. Explain the role of self-leadership strategies in nonmanagement work. How could the
individuals in the more participatory work environments use self-leadership strategies?