Instructor Resource
Neck, Self-Leadership, 2e
1. Which of the following are examples of externally administered rewards?
a. promotion, bonus, and reading newspaper
b. award, time off, and fishing
c. praise, pay raise, and time off
d. self-talk
2. If Anna has done a good job and her supervisor praises the work that she had done,
Anna has received what type of reward?
a. intrinsic
b. external
c. intrinsic and external
d. self-reward
3. If an Olympic skier enjoys the speed and motion of alpine skiing, what type of reward
may training hold?
a. external
b. time off
c. intrinsic
d. bonuses
4. A type of reward that is often less recognized than other types of rewards is ______.
a. praise
b. external
c. natural
d. promotions
5. Which of the following is the best way to achieve more effective self-leadership?
a. focusing on natural rewards
b. using self-applied rewards that are separable from the task
c. focusing on natural rewards and using self-applied rewards that are separable from
the task
d. neither focuses on natural rewards or on self-applied rewards
6. Naturally rewarding activities include feelings of ______.
a. self-reward and self-punishment
b. appreciation for nature
c. being intelligent
d. competence, self-controlling, and purpose
7. When incentives are built into the task itself, what types of rewards are at play for
motivating an individual?
a. natural
b. external
c. physical
d. monetary
8. An example of feelings of competence as part of natural rewards would be ______.
a. discussing your skill or hobby with another person
b. bringing in an expert to solve a problem
c. finishing last in an art show
d. finishing in the middle of a group of runners
9. One benefit of developing feelings of self-control is ______.
a. not having to practice as much
b. decreasing our number of hobbies
c. feeling more in control of our world
d. receiving external rewards
10. Which of the following does not use natural rewards in exercising self-leadership?
a. running in another location
b. having a meeting in a more casual environment
c. having strict rules about laughing at work
d. having a great vacation
11. The two primary features that can be identified as being descriptive of naturally
rewarding activities are feelings of ______.
a. competence and feelings of self-control
b. competence and feelings of purpose
c. self-control and feelings of purpose
d. purpose and feelings of exhaustion
12. If we enjoy tasks that we perform well, we are experience feelings of ______.
a. self-control
b. competence
c. purpose
d. stress
13. Activities that make us feel more competent are often tied to ______ type of
rewards.
a. intrinsic
b. external
c. intrinsic and external
d. neither intrinsic nor external
14. An adult who dreams of being their own boss and independently wealthy is driven
by feelings of ______.
a. self-control
b. competence
c. purpose
d. stress
15. Which of the following are ways in which individuals want to have feelings of self–
control in their own life?
a. where they will live
b. where they will work
c. whom they will marry
d. all of these
16. What combination often results in a pattern of our behavior?
a. feelings of competence and feelings of purpose
b. feelings of competence and feelings of self-control
c. feelings of self-control and purpose
d. feelings of self-control, purpose, and competence
17. If an individual does not feel that an activity is worthy, it may impact feelings of
______.
a. competence and self-control
Instructor Resource
Neck, Self-Leadership, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2020
b. purpose and self-control
c. purpose
d. competence
18. One aspect of naturally rewarding activities that provides a sense of purpose
involves helping others or expressing goodwill toward others—what is this called?
a. altruism
b. sportsmanship
c. purpose
d. citizenship
19. The natural biological nature of humankind towards self-preservation is ______.
a. altruism
b. selfishness
c. self-awareness
d. survival
20. As employees fill their basic needs for competence and self-control, it can lead to
increased ______.
a. task performance
b. extra-role behaviors
c. task performance and extra role behaviors
d. stress
21. The primary approach(es) to using natural rewards to enhance our self-leadership
is(are) ______.
a. building more naturally enjoyable features into our life’s activities
b. intentionally focusing our thoughts on the naturally rewarding aspects of activities and
self-goal setting
c. intentionally focusing our thoughts on the naturally rewarding aspects of our activities
d. intentionally focusing our thoughts on the naturally rewarding aspects of our activities
and building more naturally enjoyable features into our life’s activities
22. By identifying aspects of our endeavors that we naturally enjoy and trying to
increase these as much as reasonably possible is ______.
a. building more naturally enjoyable features into our life’s activities
b. intentionally focusing our thoughts on the naturally rewarding aspects of activities and
self-goal setting
c. intentionally focusing our thoughts on the naturally rewarding aspects of our activities
d. intentionally focusing our thoughts on the naturally rewarding aspects of our activities
and building more naturally enjoyable features into our life’s activities
23. Google has many different aspects in their work environment such as free breakfast,
Lego play stations, and desks designed by TinkerToy materials, which represents
______.
a. building more naturally enjoyable features into our life’s activities
Instructor Resource
Neck, Self-Leadership, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2020
b. intentionally focusing our thoughts on the naturally rewarding aspects of activities and
self-goal setting
c. intentionally focusing our thoughts on the naturally rewarding aspects of our activities
d. intentionally focusing our thoughts on the naturally rewarding aspects of our activities
and building more naturally enjoyable features into our life’s activities
24. If we focus on, talk about, and think about the parts of our job that we don’t like, we
are not ______.
a. intentionally focusing our thoughts on the naturally unrewarding aspects of activities
b. intentionally focusing our thoughts on the naturally rewarding aspects of activities
c. building more naturally enjoyable features into our life’s activities
d. avoiding negative self-talk
25. The types of thoughts that a runner has that involve focusing on naturally rewarding
aspects of the activity are ______.
a. praise from others on physical condition and exhaustion
b. potentially longer life due to improved health and blisters
c. potentially longer life and setting a positive example
d. heat, sweat, and sore muscles
26. By holding a business meeting in a restaurant as opposed to a formal conference
room, what approach to using natural rewards is present?
Instructor Resource
Neck, Self-Leadership, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2020
a. building more naturally enjoyable features into our life’s activities
b. self-talk
c. intentionally focusing on our thoughts towards naturally rewarding aspects
d. goal-setting
27. What type of natural rewards has Amazon not focused on while creating their work
environment that holds unreasonably high standards for employees?
a. building more naturally enjoyable features into our life’s activities
b. intentionally focusing our thoughts towards naturally rewarding aspects
c. constructive thought patterns
d. behavior strategies focused on our world
28. With what type of natural reward strategy can we focus on the rewards we will
receive and thus the image of our future?
a. competence strategy
b. purpose strategy
c. intentionally focusing our thoughts towards naturally rewarding aspects
d. building more naturally enjoyable features into our life’s activities
29. If you are not able to identify naturally rewarding activities in your job, you are
probably in the ______.
a. wrong job but tried to identify them
Instructor Resource
Neck, Self-Leadership, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2020
b. right job but didn’t try to identify them
c. right job and tried to identify them
d. wrong job and didn’t try to identify them
30. The choice to focus on the pleasant aspects of our work, rather than the unpleasant
depends on freedom to choose ______.
a. choose work
b. choose thoughts
c. work and thoughts
d. the boss
31. With what steps can discovering naturally rewarding work be done?
a. Get a new job with better benefits.
b. Identify new activities at work that reward you and build them into your work.
c. Ask for a new office to get a new outlook.
d. Complain to your boss until things change.
1. The type of reward that has received more attention in literature and the workplace
are natural rewards.
Instructor Resource
Neck, Self-Leadership, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2020
2. Examples of externally administered rewards include praise, pay raises, time off,
promotions, awards, bonuses, and more.
3. The idea that even if a task makes us feel more competent and more self-controlling,
we may still have a difficult naturally enjoying it if we don’t see its worthiness is related
to feelings of purpose.
4. The two primary features of naturally rewarding activities that have been studied
create feelings of competence and feelings of purpose.
5. It does not make any difference what pleasant features of our activities that we focus
on.
6. The two primary natural reward approaches are building natural rewards into our life’s
activities and focusing on the natural rewards in our activities.
7. Having a sense of purpose is as important as feeling competent and having self-
control.
1. Compare and contrast the externally administered and natural (intrinsic) rewards.
Which of these forms of rewards has received more attention? Can these rewards be
used simultaneously?
2. Explain the two main areas of naturally rewarding activities in which these activities
make individuals feel more competent and feel self-controlling. What does each of these
Instructor Resource
Neck, Self-Leadership, 2e
SAGE Publishing, 2020
aspects add to the discussion on naturally rewarding activities that the other does not
provide? Are there any underlying foundations that are counter to each other?
3. While much focus has been paid to feelings of competence and self-control, the other
area of naturally rewarding activities involves feelings of purpose. Why do feelings of
purpose matter so much in the natural rewards dimension of self-leadership? What are
the benefits that arise when work has a purpose?
4. How can individuals build more natural rewards into life’s activities? What does that
individual gain by employing this particular natural reward strategy? What are some
strategies for implementing these rewards?
5. How can focusing on natural rewards benefit individuals who are working in naturally
unmotivating sections of work? How can individuals focus on what they do like about
their work as opposed to what they do not like about the work? Are there differences
between the type of pleasant feature that is focused on and if so why?