Instructor Resource
Neck, Self-Leadership,2e
1. Leadership has been conceived in which of the following manners?
a. a personality concept
b. a form of persuasion
c. an instrument of goal achievement
d. all of these
2. All of the following are key components of the most useful definitions of leadership
except ______.
a. process of influence
b. directing behavior
c. involving others
d. toward accomplishing goals
3. Self-leadership can originate from ______.
a. influence over others
b. leadership we exercise over ourselves
c. power given by authorities
d. rewards and punishments
4. In which of the following situations do we lead ourselves?
a. deciding which methods to use when completing a task
b. deciding how to respond to a question
c. negating anything we hear and making the communication our own
d. all of these
5. Which of the following are areas that leadership can originate from?
a. external leadership and coworkers
b. yourself, external leadership, and the group
c. the group
d. yourself and coworkers
6. The most commonly recognized source of leadership involves influence that leaders
exercise over their followers. Which form of leadership is this representative of?
a. externally oriented
b. participative
c. self-leadership
d. shared leadership
7. Which of the following forms of leadership can exert influence over an individual’s
behavior?
a. externally oriented
b. participative
c. self-leadership
d. all of these
8. Which of the following is not an example of participative leadership?
a. a manager and subordinate reaching a shared expectation for sales increase in the
next quarter
b. a manager telling a subordinate the expectations for sales increases in the next
quarter
c. a manager and subordinate reaching an expectation of a reward for completing a
certain task
d. a manager and subordinate discussing how to improve the sales in the next quarter
9. Which of the following is not an example of external leadership?
a. a manager setting the goals for the next quarter
b. a manager working with an employee to set goals for the next quarter
c. a manager setting the time periods for which work will be done
d. a manager setting the work schedule
10. Which of the following is an example of self-leadership?
a. working with a boss to set goals
b. setting self-goals to accomplish
c. the boss setting goals
d. the boss consulting you before setting goals
11. Which of the following represents a situation in which we influence our own
behavior?
a. low and high control situations
b. moderate control situations
c. high control situations
d. low, medium, and high control situations
12. Having little or no control over work can result in ______.
a. feeling empowered
b. being content at work
c. greater risk of coronary disease
d. not having to make any decisions
13. All of the following are ways in which you lead yourself, even in highly controlled
situations, except for which of the following?
a. choosing the order in which tasks are completed
b. choosing to set a higher personal goal than what boss expects
c. having boss set the order of tasks
d. being tough on self for the smallest mistakes
14. Having control over your own lives, including where we work and whom we work for,
can be known as ______.
a. making our own lunch
b. picking our path
Instructor Resource
Neck, Self-Leadership,2e
SAGE Publishing, 2020
c. deciding our future
d. choosing our destiny
15. Which of the following are ways in which individuals can effectively lead
themselves?
a. focus on positives in work
b. be discontent
c. give up self-leadership potential to others
d. not focusing on what drives their happiness
16. Which of the following can influence self-leadership?
a. type of outcome
b. culture
c. country
d. all of these
17. Self-leadership involves strategies that help individuals understand ______.
a. what and why we need to do certain activities
b. what, why, and how we need to do certain activities
c. why and how we need to do certain activities
d. what and how we need to do certain activities
18. How did Condoleezza Rice demonstrate self-leadership?
a. She decided to be a concert pianist.
b. She felt she was a failure.
c. She was a difficult child.
d. She worked hard and learned from her failures.
19. When engaging in self-leadership strategies, which of the following does a process
of self-influence strategies include?
a. behavioral strategies
b. cognitive strategies
c. behavioral and cognitive strategies
d. personality strategies
20. If individuals are engaging in strategic analysis and strategic implementation parts of
self-leadership, what parts of self-leadership are they engaging in?
a. the what
b. the what and how
c. the how and why
d. the why and how
21. ______ theory recognizes the adoption and change of human behaviors as a
complex process with many parts.
a. Intrinsic motivation
b. Social cognitive
c. Social impact
d. Social role
22. ______ theory recognizes the importance of natural rewards from doing actives that
we enjoy.
a. Intrinsic motivation
b. Social cognitive
c. Social role
d. Social impact
23. Which of the following theories have been primarily driving research in self–
leadership?
a. social cognitive and social role theories
b. intrinsic motivation and social role theories
c. social role theory
d. social cognitive and intrinsic motivation theories
24. The importance on capacity of a person to manage or control oneself—particularly
when faced with difficulty, which theory is important tasks a key component of?
a. social cognitive theory
b. intrinsic motivation theory
c. social impact theory
d. social role theory
25. Which theory is vicarious learning and symbolic mechanisms for learning and
experiencing tasks and events a key part of?
a. intrinsic motivation theory
b. social role theory
c. social cognitive theory
d. goal setting theory
26. What happens when we use our influence on ourselves?
a. participatory leadership
b. external leadership
c. internal leadership
d. shared leadership
27. Who is ultimately your leader?
a. yourself
b. your boss
c. your coworkers
d. the world
28. Which of the following is left up to us?
a. how we feel
b. how we hear verbal messages
c. where we work
Instructor Resource
Neck, Self-Leadership,2e
SAGE Publishing, 2020
d. all of these
29. Which of the following are results from engaging in effective self-leadership
processes and making choices that are beneficial?
a. unhappiness
b. discontentment
c. wrong work
d. motivation
1. Most leadership literature focuses on influenced exercised by one or more persons
over others.
2. Self-leadership is a comprehensive process of self-influence that only consists of
behavioral strategies of influence.
3. The concept of self-leadership is primarily derived from research on social cognitive
theory and intrinsic motivation theory.
4. All influence that an individual experiences comes from influential external leaders.
5. Self- leadership consists of a process of influence for ourselves towards
accomplishing goals.
6. We choose what we are and what we become through various self-influence
processes.
7. If an individual provides the manager suggested goals, expectations, and tasks, there
is participative leadership occurring.
1. Discuss what is meant by “we all lead ourselves.” Does this mean that all leaders
effectively lead themselves? If not, what are some of the weaknesses in a self–
leadership process that can occur?
2. Compare and contrast the following sources of leadership: external leadership,
participative leadership, and self-leadership.
3. Describe the basic tenets of social cognitive theory and intrinsic motivation theory—
specifically focusing on the role that these theories have in laying a foundation for self-
leadership.
4. Discuss the various different ways that leadership has been conceived in the
literature. In addition, provide a general definition of leadership that encompasses what
leadership is.
5. Discuss self-leadership by defining self-leadership and discussing the what, why, and
how of self-leadership.
