Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
Chapter 9: Culture and Gender
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. The term used to refer to the biological features based on chromosomal evidence
that distinguish males from females is ______.
A. biological features
B. biological self
C. gender
D. sex
2. The term used to refer to the learned behaviors and attitudes associated with the
words feminine and masculine is ______.
A. biological features
B. biological self
C. gender
D. sex
3. What was the prevailing knowledge of or belief about sex and gender between
antiquity and the 18th century?
A. The female body was considered a variation of the male body.
B. Men and women were equal in rights.
C. The female body was well understood.
D. There was a distinction between sex and gender.
4. Gender identity is usually established by the age of ______.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
A. 1
B. 3
C. 8
D. 11
5. The Human Development Index (HDI) was created by the United Nations
Development Program as a measure of all of the following EXCEPT ______.
A. health
B. life expectancy at birth
C. educational attainment
D. adjusted per capita income
6. The Gender Inequality Index (GII) was created at the United Nations as a measure of
all of the following EXCEPT ______.
A. health
B. empowerment
C. labor
D. education
7. In sub-Saharan Africa, approximately what percentage of pregnant women receive
adequate care during childbirth?
A. 50%
B. 75%
C. 25%
D. 10%
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
8. What changes do the findings of the UN studies show occurred over the past
decade?
A. A reduction in gender inequality has been virtually universal.
B. Gender inequality has increased.
C. Gender equality has been attained.
D. Gender inequality is not significant enough to discuss.
9. What do the findings of the World Economic Forum study show?
A. Reducing gender inequality enhances economic growth.
B. Reducing gender inequality prevents economic growth.
C. Reducing gender equality sometimes enhances and sometimes prevents economic
growth.
D. Gender inequality and economic growth are unrelated.
10. The sex ratio at birth is a reliable indicator of ______.
A. bodily differences
B. sexual practices
C. sex education
D. sex discrimination
11. Which was a secret language used by women in China to communicate with other
women?
A. abaya
B. panchayat
C. Nushu
D. wan, xi, shao
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
12. What is the value of the average wage for women as compared to that for men?
A. a third
B. half
C. two thirds
D. three fourths
13. Over the past 10 years, the percentage of female state legislators in the United
States has ______.
A. gotten smaller
B. gotten significantly larger
C. gotten slightly larger
D. remained the same
14. Which of the following is true of Nordic countries?
A. They have low divorce rates.
B. They lack affordable childcare.
C. They lead the world in gender equality.
D. They rank low on foreign aid.
15. China’s one–child campaign was introduced in ______.
A. 1949
B. 1979
C. 1989
D. 2001
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
16. Where was the Japanese reproduction rate in 2016?
A. at a level that keeps the country’s population stable
B. at its highest in history
C. at its lowest in history
D. at the same level as the last 10 years
17. Japan’s equal employment opportunity laws ______.
A. are not particularly effective in Japan’s male–centered workplace
B. have been suspended during Japan’s economic slump
C. were enacted in the 1950s
D. were enacted in the 1970s
18. In ______ countries, love and family life may be seen as separated.
A. individualistic
B. feminine
C. masculine
D. collectivistic
19. In which of the following family types are spouses selected by custom?
A. endogamous community family
B. egalitarian nuclear family
C. authoritarian family
D. anomie family
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
20. ______ refers to a deeply felt sense of being a woman, a man, or a nonbinary
identity that is both, fluid, or neither.
A. Sexual orientation
B. Gender expression
C. Biological sex
D. Gender identity
True/False
1. The Human Development Index is a measure of life expectancy, education, and
political participation.
2. The Human Development Index (HDI) showed that gender equality is not dependent
on income levels, with some developing countries having greater opportunities for
women.
3. Generally, gender inequality is highest in South Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and the
Arab states.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
4. The World Economic Forum study shows that empowering women means a less
efficient use of a nation’s human resources.
5. Worldwide, 85% of the health gap between women and men has been closed.
6. Worldwide, 100% of the education gap between women and men has been closed.
7. Wages for working women average half those of men.
8. Worldwide, women’s representation in national parliaments is about 22%.
9. The United States was the first country to grant women the right to vote.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
10. Among the world’s illiterates, women outnumber men 2 to 1.
11. In ancient Rome, women were not considered citizens.
12. To Japanese men, the Japanese spoken by U.S. military men who had learned
Japanese from women sounded weak and indirect.
13. The United States extended voting rights to women over 25 years before New
Zealand and Australia.
Difficulty Level: Easy
14. The Nordic states have a high percentage of parliament seats held by women.
15. The first law passed by the Chinese Communist Party gave women the right to own
property and when married to use their own names.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
16. In the 1993 Human Development Index report, Japan had both the world’s highest
rating overall and for women.
17. South Korea has eliminated most of the Confucian-based discrimination against
women in the nation’s laws.
18. Saudi Arabian society is structured to keep a woman within strictly defined limits to
protect her chastity.
19. Sweden and Denmark have a low percentage of children born outside of marriage.
20. Cultures regulate how many spouses a person can have, which partner has more
authority and dominance in the union, and from what group a person can choose a
partner.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
Short Answer
1. The word ______ is most used to refer to the learned behaviors and attitudes
associated with the words feminine and masculine.
2. One of the top five highest scoring countries on the 2014 Human Development Index
is ______.
3. One of the top five countries from the 2014 data with the lowest gender inequality is
______.
4. Consistent with the UN studies, the ______ study shows Nordic countries to have
least gender inequality.
5. Selective abortion or ______ is more common in countries that show a cultural
preference for male children.
6. In sub-Saharan Africa, only ______ of pregnant women receive adequate care during
childbirth.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
7. Today, more women enroll in higher education than men in ______ countries.
8. The percentage of women in managerial/administrative positions worldwide is
______.
9. ______ countries have some sort of female quota for political representation.
10. A thousand years ago in rural China, women devised a secret language called
______.
Difficulty Level: Easy
11. The relationship between language and power has been a focus in ______theory.
Difficulty Level: Medium
12. ______ was the first country to grant women the vote in 1893.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
13. In Africa, ______’s constitution bars discrimination based on gender, marital status,
sexual orientation, and pregnancy.
14. ______ was the last country in the world to allow women to drive.
15. The family type absolute ______ family has no precise inheritance rules, no
marriage between children of brothers, and spouses are selected by the individual.
16. ______ will increase as more countries reserve seats for women in politics.
Difficulty Level: Medium
17. ______ refers to the practice of marrying outside a defined group.
18. ______ refers to the practice of marrying within a defined group.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
19. As of 2012, in ______, anyone over the age of 18 can simply choose their gender
identity and revise official documents without judicial or medical approval.
20. Across cultures, women are pressured to be ______ and dependent, regardless of
individual personality traits.
21. The term ______ refers to people who identify with the sex assigned at birth.
Essay
1. Define the words sex and gender.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
2. Discuss the changes in considering sex and gender from antiquity to the present day.
3. Name and briefly describe the United Nations gender-related studies.
4. Discuss the findings derived from the Human Development Index (HDI).
5. Discuss the Gender-Related Development Index (GDI) and Gender Empowerment
Measure (GEM).
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
6. Discuss the findings derived from the Gender Inequality Index (GII).
7. Discuss the findings of the World Economic Forum study.
8. Discuss the health measurement of the World Economic Forum study.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
9. Discuss sex ratio at birth as an indicator of sex discrimination.
10. Discuss the education measurement of the World Economic Forum study.
11. Discuss the economic measurement of the World Economic Forum study.
12. Discuss the political participation measurement of the World Economic Forum study.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
13. What conclusions can be drawn about national cultures from percentage of
parliament seats held by women?
14. List and briefly discuss examples of third genders.
15. Discuss the woman’s language of Nushu.
16. Give examples of the status of women in different cultures.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
17. Discuss gender issues in Nordic countries.
Difficulty Level: Medium
18. Discuss the issues related to gender equality in China.
19. Discuss the role of women in the Arab states.
20. Discuss three different family types.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018