Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
Chapter 14: Future Challenges
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. The past few decades have been characterized by ______.
A. improvement in the human condition worldwide
B. stagnation in the human condition worldwide
C. deterioration of the human condition worldwide
D. none of these
2. Today’s seven billion people worldwide live in ______.
A. isolation
B. interdependence
C. conflict
D. peace
3. According to Cannadine (2013), which is the oldest source of human identity and
conflict?
A. religion
B. race
C. ethnicity
D. gender
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
4. In many parts of the world, any threat to one’s religious beliefs is a threat to one’s
______.
A. security
B. well-being
C. identity
D. culture
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. Oftentimes, religious conflict becomes intertwined with which types of causes?
A. ethic and nationalist
B. personal and family-related
C. social and cultural
D. military
6. Which concept developed by Marx is considered a source of identity?
A. class
B. ethnicity
C. gender
D. education
7. One percentage of the world’s population controls how much of the world’s money,
property, and other material resources?
A. 12%
B. 22%
C. 46%
D. 36%
Learning Objective: 14-1: Identify the challenges for intercultural communication
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
8. Two thirds of the world’s population controls no more than how much of the global
wealth?
A. 13%
B. 33%
C. 3%
D. 23%
9. According to Cannadine (2013), it is difficult to substantiate that there is solidarity
among all ______.
A. countries
B. men
C. continents
D. women
10. How do cultures treat people of different genders?
A. the same way
B. based only on religion
C. without discrimination
D. differently
11. Women’s economic status is related to ______.
A. work
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
B. fertility rate
C. men
D. violence
12. There have been attempts led by the United States and various other nation-states
to end ______.
A. women’s liberation
B. violence against women
C. wage disparities between men and women
D. differences between men and women
13. The historic ranking of individuals has resulted in ______.
A. cultural understanding
B. science
C. anthropology
D. othering
14. Racial and ethnic groups have been particularly subjected to othering in ______.
A. language
B. school
C. workplaces
D. shopping malls
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
Difficulty Level: Medium
15. What was justified when Blacks were considered “chattel” or property?
A. segregation
B. exchange
C. work
D. collaboration
16. The subjugation of American Indians was defensible when they were labeled as
______.
A. wise
B. savage
C. parasite
D. demon
17. Huntington asserts that the clash of the Western civilization and which other
civilization dates back 1,300 years?
A. Native American
B. Asian
C. African
D. Islamic
18. What does the Pew Research Center’s Global Attitudes Project show about how
Muslims and Westerners regard each other?
A. Only Westerners view Muslims in a negative way.
B. Only Muslims view Westerners in a negative way.
C. Westerners and Muslims view each other in a positive way.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
D. Each side has a negative image of the other.
19. Large majorities in nearly every country express which view on immigration?
A. There should be a greater restriction on immigration.
B. There should be less restriction on immigration.
C. Restriction on immigration should be kept at the same level as it was in the past.
D. Immigration is not a threat.
True/False
1. Over the past few decades, there have been unprecedented improvements in the
human condition worldwide.
2. Oftentimes, religious conflict becomes intertwined with ethic and nationalist causes.
3. Class, defined as economic position in society, is not important for one’s identity.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
4. One percentage of the world’s population controls 20% of the world’s money,
property, and other material resources.
5. Areas of high income disparity between men and women also tend to be areas with
high reproduction rates.
6. Many argue that race, skin color, and ethnicity are major regulators of human life and
identity.
7. Many groups have been the subjects of othering.
8. Othering can be used to justify suppression and even extermination.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
9. The war on terrorism has been accepted as legitimate by Muslims.
10. In Muslim countries, many people do not agree that suicide bombings targeting
civilians can be justified in defense of Islam.
11. The Western public does not think of Muslims as respectful of women.
12. Muslims do not think of Westerners as respectful of women.
Difficulty Level: Hard
13. Nation-state identity has superseded other sources as the primary identity in most of
the world.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
14. Nation-state identity is strongest in developing nations.
15. Cultures feel threatened by the spread of products and ideas from one culture to
another.
16. The imperialism of nations a century ago is today seen as the imperialism of modern
multinational corporations.
17. In 2016, the United States, with 4.6% of the world’s population, accounted for 16%
of the world’s carbon emissions.
Difficulty Level: Medium
18. Climate change will affect all regions the same.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
19. In both poor and rich countries, people are concerned about immigration.
Short Answer
1. The United States remains the ______ economy in the world and will remain so for
the foreseeable future.
2. In centuries past, physical distance heightened the perception of ______.
3. Our ______ communication challenge today is how to better understand groups with
unique cultural identities in order to work interdependently to meet global challenges.
4. Conflict between ______ and Muslims in the Indian subcontinent has a history that
could date back to the 700s.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
5. Oftentimes, religious conflict becomes intertwined with ethic and nationalist causes,
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. The United States accounts for ______ of the super wealthy people worldwide.
7. One consequence of disparity of wealth is world ______.
8. Worldwide, nearly ______ people can’t afford to buy food and can’t grow enough on
their own.
9. Expanding ______ tend to change their diets to consume more grain-fed beef and
pork.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
10. China has 20% of the world’s population and just ______ of the world’s arable land.
11. In 1979, the UN General Assembly adopted the Convention on the Elimination of All
Forms of ______ Against Women.
12. Measures to end discrimination against women included establishing ______ and
other public institutions to ensure the effective protection of women against
discrimination.
13. In July 2010, the UN General Assembly voted unanimously to create a single UN
body tasked with accelerating progress in achieving gender equality and women’s
______.
14. Women’s economic status is related to ______.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
15. The historic ranking of individuals has resulted in ______.
16. The subjugation of American Indians was defensible when the word ______ was
used.
17. Samuel Huntington defined ______ as the broadest distinct level of cultural identity
people can have.
18. Some argue that modern conflicts are ______ in nature rather than based in such a
broad level of identity.
Difficulty Level: Medium
19. ______ identity has superseded other sources as the primary identity in most of the
world.
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
20. According to Putnam, increased ______ and diversity not only are inevitable in
modern societies but over the long term are desirable.
Essay
1. Discuss future intercultural communication challenges for humankind.
2. Discuss religion as a source of human identity and conflict, specifically giving
examples of religious conflicts intertwined with ethic and nationalist causes.
Ans: Varies, but should include components of the following: Cannadine argues that
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
3. Discuss class as a source of identity.
Ans: Varies, but should include components of the following: Cannadine (2013)
4. Discuss disparities of wealth in the world today.
Ans: Varies, but should include components of the following: A Credit Suisse Research
5. Discuss gender as a source of identity.
Ans: Varies, but should include components of the following: Cannadine dismissed
gender as a major source of group identity as he contends it is difficult to substantiate
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
6. Discuss the relationship between women’s economic status and reproduction rates.
Ans: Varies. Women’s economic status is related to fertility rate. Areas of high income
7. Discuss race, skin color, and ethnicity as major regulators of human life and identity.
Ans: Varies, but should include components of the following: Some would argue that
8. Define and discuss othering.
Ans: Varies, but should define othering as the labeling and degrading of cultures and
9. Discuss Huntington’s notion of civilization.
Ans: Varies, but should include components of the following: Samuel Huntington
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
Difficulty Level: Hard
10. Discuss the results of the Pew Research Center’s Global Attitudes Project on how
Muslims and Westerners regard each other.
Ans: Varies, but must include at least the majority of the following: The war on terrorism
has never been accepted as legitimate by Muslims. It has been seen as the United
Difficulty Level: Medium
11. Discuss nation-state as a source of identity.
Ans: Varies. Nation-state identity has superseded other sources as the primary identity
in most of the world. Nation-state identity is strongest in modern developed nations. As
12. Discuss worldwide perceived threats to culture.
Ans: Varies, but should include components of the following: Cultures feel threatened by
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. Discuss worldwide perceived threats to the environment, as well as disparities
related to environmental threats.
Ans: Varies, but should include examples from the text, such as deforestation,
greenhouse gas emissions, agriculture, and water use. Further, students should include
components of the various definitions of sustainability: as development that “meets the
14. Discuss worldwide perceived threats from immigration.
Ans: Varies, but should include components of the following: In both poor and rich
countries, people are concerned about immigration. Large majorities in nearly every
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
15. Discuss Putnam’s research in regard to immigration.
Ans: Varies, but should cover the following: Increased immigration and diversity not only
are inevitable in modern societies but over the long term are desirable. The history of
16. Why is immigration successful in the long run?
Ans: Varies. Increased immigration and diversity not only are inevitable in modern
societies but over the long term are desirable. In the medium to long run, successful
17. What promises do new media bring?
Ans: Varies, but should include components of the following: New media may facilitate
the development of new cultural values. New media may challenge the traditional
Jandt, An Introduction to Intercultural Communication 9e
SAGE Publications, 2018
18. Explain the ways in which economic development in China is a severe threat to the
environment.
Ans: Varies, but should include components of the following: (1) Sixteen of China’s
cities rank among the 20 most polluted in the world. (2) In major cities, much of the