36. Over the last decade ______.
a. several major newspapers have closed or moved to Web-only publication
b. several cities have launched successful new newspapers
c. newspapers have become more profitable than ever
d. the major national newspapers have suffered bigger circulation losses than the
metropolitan newspapers have
37. Job and circulation losses in the newspaper industry are concentrated at which of the
following?
a. national papers
b. major metropolitan papers
c. suburban papers
d. rural community papers
38. One of the biggest problems facing journalists trying to cover the civil war in Syria is
______.
a. journalists are being kidnapped and murdered there
b. journalists can’t get reliable satellite links out of the country
c. no one cares about the fighting there
d. none of the above
39. In general, traditional news organizations ______.
a. encourage reporters to engage in social media to promote their stories
b. discourage reporters from expressing their personal opinions online about stories they are
covering.
c. discourage reporters from identifying their political orientation on social media
d. all of the above
40. The New York Times gets most of its readership from ______.
a. print subscribers in the New York City area
b. online readers, many of whom are using mobile devices
c. online readers, primarily using desktop computers
d. print subscribers outside of the New York City area.
True/False
1. The penny papers were successful because of their coverage of foreign affairs, national
politics, and the economy.
2. New York newspapers owned by William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer competed
for readers by using sensational stunts.
3. Until the 1960s, newscasts offered by the networks were only fifteen minutes long.
4. Gannet runs the largest newspaper chain in the United States.
5. Today, chains and conglomerates publish about 20 percent of all American newspapers.
6. The Los Angeles Times has engaged in a process known as mainstreaming. This means that
the paper is trying to use news sources who are as diverse as the population of the city of Los
Angeles.
7. Community newspapers remain important today because they provide information that
people can’t get anywhere else.
8. Community papers are failing at a record pace.
9. Herbert Gans, in his study “Deciding What’s News,” found that the media was profoundly
biased in favor of big business and the evidence of this could be found in most news stories.
10. Fox News, on an average evening, attracts a larger audience than CNN and MSNBC
combined.
11. Americans who are politically conservative and politically liberal tend to get their news
from the same sources.
12. The Chicago Defender has always tried to be both an activist paper and a profitable
paper.
13. Spanish-language papers such as El Nuevo Herald typically just translate stories from
English into Spanish.
14. Community newspapers are dying while large metropolitan newspapers are thriving.
15. Urban newspapers are typically losing circulation in the twenty-first century.
16. Urban afternoon papers are more successful now than are morning papers.
17. Gay newspapers suffered circulation and advertising losses in the late 2000s because gay
culture was becoming more mainstream
18. Major news organizations such as the Wall Street Journal, the Washington Post, and the
BBC encourage their reporters to give their opinions about the news using social media such
as Twitter or Facebook.
19. Newspaper Web sites allow newspapers to publish breaking news immediately rather
than wait for the newspaper to come out the next morning.
20. Most of the audience for news on the Internet is made up of young people who don’t read
newspapers or watch television news programs.
21. Newspapers are in the process of moving from being products to being brands.
Essay
1. Who was the Yellow Kid?
2. What newspaper has the United States’ leading conservative editorial page?
3. What national newspaper suspended its paper edition and became a Web-only publication?
4. What satirical French newspaper was attacked by terrorists in 2015, resulting in the deaths
of multiple journalists and commentators?
5. What newspaper was known as the “gray lady?”
6. What kind of newspaper publishes on paper sized 17 by 22 inches?
7. When and why did ABC start their late-night news program Nightline?
8. Name three of the major six news values.
9. What does the “separation of church and state” mean in the journalism business?
10. Other than language, how do the Miami Herald and El Nuevo Herald differ from each
other?
11. What type of newspapers are losing the most advertising and circulation?
12. Name three ways people can consume news from newspapers.
13. Describe the significance of the New York Sun and the penny press and how they changed
newspapers.
14. In a brief essay, discuss what motivates journalists to risk their lives reporting from
dangerous areas such as Syria and Afghanistan.
15. In a brief essay, discuss how “Secret Three–Everything from the margin moves to the
center” partially explains the decline of gay media.
16. In a brief essay, explain why the New York Times coverage (or lack of coverage) of the
Flint, Michigan, water crisis was controversial.
17. In a brief essay, explain what the Pew Foundation means when they say that liberals and
conservatives live in different media worlds.