Croteau, Media/Society, 6e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
Chapter 10: Globalization and the Future of Media
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. The “global village” was a term coined by ______.
A. Pop artist Andy Warhol
B. U.S. sociologist Herbert Gans
C. President John F. Kennedy
D. Canadian scholar Marshall McLuhan
2. The two major components of the idea of “globalization” are ______.
A. the dissemination of media products globally and the compression of time and space
B. the dispersal of media ownership globally and the compression of time and space
C. the dispersal of media ownership and of media products globally
D. the dominance of developing nations in media production and the dispersal of media
ownership
3. Recorded music is one of the easiest media products to sell internationally because
______.
A. it does not contain troublesome political views
B. it does not face the barriers of language and literacy that some other media face
C. the equipment needed to play cassettes and CDs is relatively inexpensive
D. it was supported by funding from the U.S. government
4. Which of the following is not a development resulting from the globalization of music?
A. Different cultures are now routinely exchanging musical elements.
B. A hybrid form of “world” music, not grounded in any single culture, has emerged.
C. Music from differing cultures is now more widely available.
D. Most nations have abandoned their own forms of music and embraced western pop
music.
5. The promise of the global village remains unfulfilled due to seven key constraints;
which of the following is not one of them?
Croteau, Media/Society, 6e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
A. Much of the world’s population are too preoccupied with daily life tasks to find time to
use the Internet.
B. Economic inequalities create a gap between those who have Internet access and
those who do not.
C. The internet is segregated by language.
D. Authoritarian regimes control their nation’s Internet access and content.
6. Media globalization generally has been characterized by ______.
A. the proliferation of indigenous local cultures
B. the growth of centralized media conglomerates
C. the growth of many small producers undermining the power of large conglomerates
D. a shift of media ownership away from the wealthier industrialized nations
7. ______ interests, rather than educational concerns or altruistic motives, have usually
fueled the globalization of media.
A. Commercial
B. Government
C. Advancement
D. Imperialist
8. Which of the following is not one of the four key areas of concern relating to media
globalization?
A. commercialization
B. ownership
C. regulation
D. user access
9. Which of the following correctly names the “Big Three” media conglomerates that
dominate the world music market?
A. Interscope, Island, and Def Jam
B. Motown, Atlantic, and Columbia
C. Walt Disney, Warner Music, and Interscope
D. Sony Music Entertainment, Universal Music, and Warner Music
10. A full one third of all digital advertising revenue worldwide goes to ______.
A. Google
Croteau, Media/Society, 6e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
B. Facebook
C. AOL
D. Yahoo
11. The world’s most popular source of on-demand music streaming is ______.
A. Napster
B. Spotify
C. YouTube
D. Apple Music
12. The combination of filters that China uses to ban Facebook, Google, and other
western sites is known as ______.
A. The Block List
B. The Great Firewall
C. The Golden Shield
D. The Great Wall
13. Facebook is the ______ most heavily trafficked site in the world.
A. first
B. second
C. third
D. fourth
14. Which of the following best describes the cultural imperialism thesis?
A. Media products from the west have come to dominate culture of other nations.
B. The fast pace of electronic media has undermined the power of culture.
C. Media products from different nations have intermingled to produce a new global
culture.
D. Global communication now means that culture is no longer grounded in a physical
location.
15. All of the following are frameworks that interpret global media in different ways,
EXCEPT ______.
A. cultural imperialism
B. culture clash
C. cultural hybridity
Croteau, Media/Society, 6e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
D. cultural appreciation
16. The history of ______ was the background for the cultural imperialism thesis.
A. colonization
B. authoritarianism
C. colonialism
D. manifestation
17. The key reason that less-developed nations generally cannot compete with
industrialized nations in the area of movie production is that ______.
A. these nations lack basic democratic political freedoms
B. historical movies have not been of much interest to people in these countries
C. these nations do not have creative personnel
D. these nations lack the capital and infrastructure needed to produce high-quality films
18. For other nations, importing U.S.-made media products ______.
A. costs about the same as producing their own
B. is less expensive than producing their own
C. has no impact on the production of media in their own countries
D. is more expensive than producing their own
19. In order to recoup the cost of expensive “blockbuster” movies, Hollywood studios
increasingly depend on ______.
A. positive word–of-mouth advertising
B. viral marketing
C. big-name movie stars
D. major revenues from foreign markets
20. Which of the following is evidence that perhaps the cultural imperialism thesis is
overstated?
A. Previously distinct cultures are becoming homogenized.
B. “Bollywood” in India now makes more movies per year than Hollywood.
C. Vibrant local media sometimes succeed by providing alternatives to international
media products.
D. More countries are importing U.S.-made movies.
21. In addition to promoting Western artists in foreign countries, more corporations are
now also ______.
A. developing local artists in foreign countries
B. heavily promoting artists from developing nations in industrialized Western countries
C. eliminating heavy advertising in Western nations
D. exporting local talents to Hollywood
22. In a 1925 resolution, the League of Nations argued that the dissemination of
information worldwide was a tool for ______.
A. propaganda on an unprecedented scale
B. the destruction of local cultures
C. the promotion of peace and understanding
D. the advance of capitalism
23. Because they did not have the private investment needed to support major
commercial media, developing nations often turned to ______ to meet informational
needs.
A. private citizens
B. the United Nations
C. simple newspapers and local newsletters
D. their government
24. Some people criticized the belief that information should flow freely across national
boundaries because ______.
A. the free flow of information is almost always impossible
B. too much information could create chaos
C. only first-world nations had plentiful resources to collect and distribute news and
information
D. the availability of such information might threaten national security
25. In 1980, the UNESCO and developing countries, out of concern that rich countries
dominate information flow, proposed what is called the ______.
A. Information Act
B. Mass Media and Telecommunications Act
C. Fairness Doctrine
D. New World Information and Communication Order
Croteau, Media/Society, 6e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
26. The two countries most responsible for the export of Western news are ______.
A. Canada and United Kingdom
B. United States and United Kingdom
C. United Kingdom and Australia
D. United States and Canada
27. Which of the following organizations is the chief regulator of the Internet worldwide?
A. New World Information and Communication Order (NWICO)
B. International Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)
C. United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
D. World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS)
28. European films account for less than ______ of the North American film market.
A. 10%
B. 5%
C. 3%
D. 1%
29. Over time, cultural exception has evolved into a broad call for protecting cultural
______.
A. tradition
B. appropriation
C. diversity
D. identity
30. Which of the following is not a tactic used by some countries to protect local
cultures?
A. requiring that a certain percentage of music played on the radio be domestically
produced
B. providing tax benefits for global media conglomerations
C. offering government financial support for domestic artists and media companies
D. taxing the import of foreign cultural products
31. The world’s major media conglomerates are ______.
A. all from North America, Europe, and Japan
B. nearly all from the United States
C. increasingly concentrated in Asia
D. based in every continent
32. Almost ______ of the world’s population has no access to the Internet.
A. 75%
B. 60%
C. 50%
D. 25%
33. The technology and media usage gap between the rich and poor, highly educated
and less educated, developed world and developing world, and so forth, is known as the
______.
A. information divergence
B. digital divide
C. knowledge gap
D. accessibility privilege
34. With globalization, the flow of media products has been ______.
A. predominantly from less developed nations to more developed ones
B. too complex to assess
C. predominantly from more developed nations to less developed ones
D. evenly balanced between more developed nations and less developed ones
35. A 1948 United Nations act stipulated that, in order to be valid, freedom of
information depended upon the availability of ______.
A. well-maintained public libraries
B. programs to teach literacy
C. unbiased media outlets
D. a diversity of sources of news and opinion
Croteau, Media/Society, 6e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
True/False
1. Marshall McLuhan coined the term “global village” to denote a version of the world
brought closer together by media.
2. Motown, Atlantic, and Columbia are the top three record labels globally.
3. Three conglomerates dominate the popular music industry, accounting for over two
thirds of all music sales worldwide.
4. The top three movie studios who took in the most worldwide revenue for 2017 were
Buena Vista, Warner Bros., and 20th Century Fox.
5. While the distribution of media products has spread out across the globe, the
ownership and control of media production are largely centralized in a few large
conglomerates.
6. Google sites account for over 85% of all online searches worldwide.
7. Spotify is the world’s most popular source of on-demand music streaming.
8. YouTube is the world’s second most popular website.
9. Developing countries generally support cultural imperialism.
10. Western media companies add to their profits without incurring additional production
costs by exporting content already created for the domestic market.
11. One of several limitations of the cultural imperialism thesis is that it overestimates
the role played by local media.
12. ICANN is a global governing body regulating media companies’ international
mergers and acquisitions.
13. Media are equally accessible around the world.
14. Globally, patterns of media consumption follow the same pattern as economic
inequality.
15. The global digital divide refers to the gap in access to information and
communication technologies between the wealthy and poor regions of the world.