Chapter 11: PPP and Frame Relay
TRUE/FALSE
1. Asynchronous serial connections are typically used with analog modems.
2. The benefit of multilink is that you can combine the bandwidth of two separate devices over one
logical connection.
3. Compared with PAP, CHAP provides a much more simple authentication process.
4. Using authentication with PPP connections is mandatory.
5. The Frame Relay map can be built automatically or statically depending on the Frame Relay topology.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. PPP is an Internet standard protocol defined in RFCs 2153 and ____.
a.
1551
c.
2234
b.
1661
d.
2532
2. The ____ is used at the Data Link layer to establish, configure, and test the connection.
a.
NCP
c.
IPCP
b.
ATCP
d.
LCP
3. In a production environment, you can use the ____ command from interface configuration mode,
which will automatically shut down that interface when looping is detected.
a.
off-looped-interface
c.
down-when-looped
b.
looped off
d.
off-when-lopped
4. ____ checks the reliability of the link by monitoring the number of errors, latency between requests,
connection retries, and connection failures on the PPP link.
a.
LQM
c.
CHAP
b.
PAP
d.
LCDI
5. Once you have completed configuring your PPP interface, you can verify the changes using the ____
command.
a.
show ppp
c.
show connection
b.
show link
d.
show interface
6. ____ is a communications technique for sending data over high-speed digital connections operating at
anywhere from 56 Kbps to 44.736 Mbps or higher.
a.
Frame Relay
c.
Slip
b.
PPP
d.
DLCI
7. The Frame Relay switch is also called the ____.
a.
FRAP
c.
FRND
b.
PDN
d.
FRAD
8. Frame Relay separates each data stream into logical (software-maintained) connections called ____.
a.
logical circuits
c.
physical circuits
b.
virtual circuits
d.
connection circuits
9. LMI uses ____ packets (sent every 10 seconds by default) to verify the Frame Relay link and to ensure
the flow of data.
a.
keepalive
c.
hello
b.
discover
d.
beam
10. In multipoint configurations, routers use the protocol ____ to send a query using the DLCI number to
find a remote IP address.
a.
Inverse DNS
c.
Inverse PPP
b.
Inverse ARP
d.
PAP
11. The basic LMI type has three information elements: report type, keepalive, and ____.
a.
id frame
c.
PVC status
b.
PAP status
d.
authentication type
12. A(n) ____ implementation prevents routing update information received on one physical interface
from being rebroadcast to other devices through that same physical interface.
a.
PVC
c.
SDLC
b.
keepalive
d.
split horizon
13. When the sum of the data arriving over all virtual circuits exceeds the access rate, the situation is
called ____.
a.
undersubscription
c.
overrate
b.
oversubscription
d.
underrate
14. The Frame Relay ____ topology is like the bus LAN topology; nodes are simply strung along in a
daisychained fashion.
a.
full mesh
c.
partial mesh
b.
star
d.
peer
15. The ____ is the most popular Frame Relay topology.
a.
full mesh
c.
star
b.
peer
d.
partial mesh
16. The ____ is the most expensive Frame Relay topology to implement because each router has a direct
connection to every other router.
a.
full mesh
c.
partial mesh
b.
star
d.
peer
17. The Frame Relay ____ topology allows redundancy for critical connections.
a.
star
c.
peer
b.
full mesh
d.
partial mesh
18. In Frame Relay, to configure a multipoint subinterface, you map it to multiple remote routers using the
same subnet mask, but different ____ numbers.
a.
DLCI
c.
CHAP
b.
PPP
d.
LCI
19. The ____ command associates the DLCI numbers with a specific subinterface.
a.
frame–relay interface–number
b.
frame–relay dlci number
c.
frame–relay interface–dlci
d.
interface–dlci number
20. You can check your Frame Relay configuration by using ____ commands.
a.
status
c.
check
b.
show
d.
dlci–interface
21. The most common show commands for monitoring Frame Relay operation are show interface,
____, show frame-relay map, and show frame–relay lmi.
a.
show frame–relay pvc
c.
show frame
b.
show frame–relay status
d.
show interface lmi
COMPLETION
1. PPP, like many WAN technologies, is based on the ___________________________________
protocol.
2. The ______________________________ process modifies and enhances the default characteristics of
a PPP connection.
3. The ITU-T was formerly known as the
____________________________________________________________, which is the primary
international organization for fostering cooperative standards for telecommunications equipment and
systems.
4. In Frame Relay connections, the network device that connects to the Frame Relay switch is known as
a(n) ___________________________________.
5. Frame Relay connections identify virtual circuits by ___________________________________
numbers.
MATCHING
Match each item with a statement below:
a.
HSSI
f.
DLCI numbers
b.
NCPs
g.
Frame Relay map
c.
PPP
h.
Subinterfaces
d.
Frame relay
i.
Split horizon
e.
DCE
1. an encapsulation type for serial interface communications
2. a routing technique that reduces the chance of routing loops on a network
3. allow the simultaneous use of multiple Network layer protocols and are required for each protocol that
uses PPP
4. a packet switching and encapsulation technology that functions at the Physical and Data Link layers of
the OSI reference model
5. switching equipment supplied by a telecommunications provider that serves as a connection to the
public data network (PDN)
6. virtual interfaces associated with a physical interface
7. a table in RAM that defines the remote interface to which a specific DLCI number is mapped
8. a type of serial device that was developed by Cisco and T3Plus Networking
9. map virtual circuits to layer 3 protocol addresses
SHORT ANSWER
1. Compare PPP with SLIP.
2. What are the elements of the PPP frame?
3. What are the actions involved in the LCP link configuration process?
4. Explain the use of DLCI numbers in Frame Relay.
5. Briefly describe Local Management Interface (LMI).
ANS:
6. What are the types of encapsulation supported by LMI in Cisco routers?
7. What are the performance parameters for a Frame Relay connection?
8. How is congestion handled in Frame Relay?
ANS:
9. What are the components of the Cisco Frame Relay frame?
10. Briefly describe the various Frame Relay topologies.
