1.Duringthesentencingphaseofarevocationhearing,thejudgedecideswhethertoimposeatermofincarcerationand
ifso,forhowlong.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: RevocationandTerminationofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.10-Discusstherevocationofprobation,including”technical”
revocation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
2.Thoseonprobationtendtobeconvictedoflow-levelcrimes.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: TheHistoryandDevelopmentofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
3.Sixtypercentofprobationsentencesarereceiveddirectlyfromthejudge.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: TheHistoryandDevelopmentofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
4.Thelawenforcerroleofprobationfocusesonsurveillanceandcontroloftheconvictedperson.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: TheOrganizationofProbationToday
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.02-Describethetwofunctionsofprobation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
5.Rulesviolationsthatresultininrevocationsareknownastechnicalviolations.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: RevocationandTerminationofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.10-Discusstherevocationofprobation,including”technical”
revocation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
6.Adefendant’spreliminaryhearingcanbewaived.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: TheOrganizationofProbationToday
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.02-Describethetwofunctionsofprobation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
7.PSIsdisallowvictimimpactstatementsdescribingtheiremotionalandfinanciallossesduetothecrime.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.03-Discussthepurposeandcontentofthepresentence
investigationreport.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
8.Probationofficersrelyupontheirauthoritybecausetheyhavelittlesubstantivepower.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.05-Describethedynamicsthatoccuramongtheprobation
officer,thepersononprobation,andtheprobationbureaucracy.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
9.Programsthatfailtofollowthe“fiveprinciplesofeffectiveprograms”oftenmakerecidivismratesincrease.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: TheEffectivenessofSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.08-Defineevidence-basedpracticeanddiscussits
importancetoprobation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
10.Probationmayberevokedifthepersononprobationfailstoattendatherapyprogram.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: RevocationandTerminationofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.10-Discusstherevocationofprobation,including”technical”
revocation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
11.Probationofficersfavorcasemanagementsystemsbecauseoftheflexibilityitgivestheminsupervisingclients.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: TheEffectivenessofSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.08-Defineevidence-basedpracticeanddiscussits
importancetoprobation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
12.Probationofficershavebroaddiscretiontoinvestigatepotentialrulesviolationsandevennewcrimes.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: RevocationandTerminationofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.09-Describewhatisknownabouttheeffectivenessof
probationsupervision.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
13.Studiessuggestthatbeinggrantedprobationmakespeoplemorelikelytocommitcrimesthaniftheyweresentto
prison.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: ProbationintheComingDecade
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.10-Discusstherevocationofprobation,including”technical”
revocation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
14.“Benefitofclergy”isawayforjudgestoexerciseleniencethatwasusedinEnglandandcontinuestobeusedin
U.S.courtstoday.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: TheHistoryandDevelopmentofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
15.Originatinginthecourt,thefirstU.S.probationagencieswereunitsofthejudicialbranchesofcityandcounty
governments.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: TheOrganizationofProbationToday
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.02-Describethetwofunctionsofprobation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
16.Presentenceinvestigationreportsmustalwaysbecarriedoutbyprobationofficerswhoworkforthejudicialbranch
ofthegovernment.
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.03-Discussthepurposeandcontentofthepresentence
investigationreport.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
17.Experimentsdoneduringthe1960sand1970swithprobationservicesfoundthat_____________.
a.variousmethodsofcasemanagementareequallyeffective
b.caseloadreductiondidnotsignificantlyreducerecidivism
c.evidence-basedmethodsdidnotsignificantlyreducerecidivism
d.probationofficerscouldservemorepeoplewhenactingasgeneralists
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: TheEffectivenessofSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.06-Discussthedifferentkindsofprobationconditionsand
explainwhytheyareimportant.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
18.WhowasthefirstpersontoprovidebailfordefendantsundertheauthorityoftheBostonPoliceCourtin1841?
a.JohnAugustus
b.JohnHoward
c.ZebulonBrockway
d.JeremyBentham
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: TheHistoryandDevelopmentofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
19.Probationwasoriginallyusedmainlyforpeoplewhohadbeenconvictedofa_____________.
a.crimeforthefirsttime
b.violentcrime
c.low-levelcrime
d.crimeofanysort
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: TheHistoryandDevelopmentofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
20.ThemajorityofpeopleonprobationintheUnitedStatestodayare_____________.
a.whiteandfemale
b.AfricanAmericanandmale
c.whiteandmale
d.Latinoandmale
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: TheOrganizationofProbationToday
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.02-Describethetwofunctionsofprobation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
21._____________conditionsprovideconstraintsonsomepeopleonprobationtoincreasetherestrictivenessof
probationincludingfines,communityservice,andrestitution.
a.Standard
b.Technical
c.Punitive
d.Treatment
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.06-Discussthedifferentkindsofprobationconditionsand
explainwhytheyareimportant.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
22._____________isadrugthatinhibitsdrinkingalcohol.
a.Methadone
b.Cocaine
c.Antabuse
d.Malabuse
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: TheEffectivenessofSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.08-Defineevidence-basedpracticeanddiscussits
importancetoprobation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
23._____________conditionsprovideconstraintsonsomepeopleonprobationtoforcethemtodealwitha
significantproblemandneedsuchassubstanceabuse.
a.Standard
b.Technical
c.Treatment
d.Punitive
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.06-Discussthedifferentkindsofprobationconditionsand
explainwhytheyareimportant.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
24.Apresentenceinvestigation(PSI)ispartof_____________.
a.theinvestigationstageofprobation
b.thesupervisionstageofprobation
c.aprobationrevocationhearing
d.aparolehearing
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.03-Discussthepurposeandcontentofthepresentence
investigationreport.
ACOR.CLEA.19.08.04-Listthemajorissuesinvolvedinthepresentence
investigation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
25.Whichofthefollowingisareasonforhavingacentralizedprobationauthority?
a.Decentralizedprogramsareoftenunprofessionalandlagbehindthetimes.
b.Itisabletotrainstaffforavarietyofroles.
c.Itisabletoimplementbroaderprogramswithgreaterequalityinsupervisionandservices.
d.Allofthesearecorrect.
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: TheHistoryandDevelopmentofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.02-Describethetwofunctionsofprobation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
26.__________conditionsprovideconstraintsonpeopleonprobationsuchasreportingtotheprobationoffice,
changeofaddress,employment,andnotleavingajurisdiction.
a.Standard
b.Technical
c.Treatment
d.Punitive
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.06-Discussthedifferentkindsofprobationconditionsand
explainwhytheyareimportant.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
27.InwhatcasedidtheSupremeCourtrulethatthedefendantdoesnothavearighttoreceiveacopyofthe
presentenceinvestigationreport?
a.Williamsv.NewYork(1949)
b.Mempav.Rhay(1967)
c.Verdugov.UnitedStates(1968)
d.Gagnonv.Scarpelli(1973)
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.04-Listthemajorissuesinvolvedinthepresentence
investigation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
28.Aprobationofficerfacesroleconflicteverydayaround_____________.
a.thedemandsoftheorganizationandtheexpectationsoftheclient.
b.theresponsibilitiesofenforcingthelawandprovidingservicestotheclientsimultaneously.
c.personalexpectationsaboutprobationworkandthevisiblerealitiesofthejob.
d.investmentsoftimebytheprobationofficerwithrespecttopresentenceinvestigationreportsandcounseling
clients.
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.05-Describethedynamicsthatoccuramongtheprobation
officer,thepersononprobation,andtheprobationbureaucracy.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
29.Theperformance-basedmovementcallsforareshapingofthephilosophyofprobationwithanewemphasison
_____________.
a.power
b.authority
c.individualrights
d.publicsafety
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: TheEffectivenessofSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.08-Defineevidence-basedpracticeanddiscussits
importancetoprobation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
30.Inwhichofthefollowingwaysmayprobationbeterminated?
a.Thepersononprobationcompletestheperiodofprobation.
b.Probationcaseloadsaresolargethatsomepeoplehavetheirprobationterminated.
c.Thepersononprobationcommitssomemisbehaviorthatwarrantstheprobationbeterminated.
d.Thepersononprobationcompletestheperiodofprobationandcommitssomemisbehaviorthatwarrants
theprobationbeterminated.
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: RevocationandTerminationofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.10-Discusstherevocationofprobation,including”technical”
revocation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
31.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaninnovationthatwasinitiallydevelopedbyJohnAugustus?
a.Probation
b.Supervisionconditions
c.Homedetention
d.Presentenceinvestigation
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: TheHistoryandDevelopmentofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
32.Themedicalmodelofprobationwaspopularinwhichofthefollowingtimeperiods?
a.The1920sthroughthe1930s
b.The1980sthroughthe1990s
c.The1940sthroughthe1960s
d.The1970sthroughthe1980s
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: TheHistoryandDevelopmentofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
33.Dependingonthestate,probationmaybe_____________.
a.centralizedordecentralized
b.administeredbyjudiciaryorexecutivebranch
c.combinedwithparoleservices
d.Allofthesearecorrect
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: TheHistoryandDevelopmentofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
34.Between1200and1827,Englishlaw_____________.
a.discriminatedagainsttheuppersocialclasses
b.stroveforequalityinallmatters
c.discriminatedagainstmonks,nuns,andpriests
d.discriminatedinfavoroftheuppersocialclasses
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: TheHistoryandDevelopmentofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
35.JudicialreprieveintheUnitedStates_____________.
a.foundwidespreaduseinthelate1800s.
b.wasthesourceofwidespreadjudicialcorruptionduringtheearly1900s.
c.wasneverfullyenacted.
d.wasdeclaredunconstitutionalin1916.
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: TheHistoryandDevelopmentofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.02-Describethetwofunctionsofprobation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
36.Recognizanceisaformallyrecorded__________toperformsomeactenteredbyajudgetopermitaconvicted
individualtoliveinthecommunity.
a.duty
b.obligation
c.contract
d.debt
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: TheHistoryandDevelopmentofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
37.__________supervisionwilllikelycontinuetogrowinpopularity.
a.Punitive
b.Medical
c.Decreasedrelianceon
d.Specializationof
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: EffectivenessofSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.08-Defineevidence-basedpracticeanddiscussits
importancetoprobation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
38.Riskmanagementcombinesvaluesofthe___________modelofthecriminalsanctionwiththeideathatthe
communitydeservesprotection.
a.community
b.justdeserts
c.restorative
d.medical
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: TheHistoryandDevelopmentofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
39.Theapprovedpracticeforhandlingrevocationofprobation_____________.
a.isusuallydoneinthejudge’schamber.
b.proceedsinthreestages.
c.istotaketheconvictedpersondirectlytojail.
d.hasbeenfoundunconstitutional.
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: TheRevocationandTerminationofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.10-Discusstherevocationofprobation,including”technical”
revocation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
40.ProjectHOPEisaspecializedapproachthatidentifiesthehigh-risk,chronicviolatorforclosesupervision
augmentedbyregular_____________.
a.homevisits
b.courtreporting
c.drugtesting
d.anklemonitoring
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.06-Discussthedifferentkindsofprobationconditionsand
explainwhytheyareimportant.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
41.Technologicaladvancesinprobationtomonitortheactionsofprobationsinclude_____________.
a.irisscans
b.insertedmicrochipsintheskin
c.videoconferencing
d.anklebracelets
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.06-Discussthedifferentkindsofprobationconditionsand
explainwhytheyareimportant.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
42.Themostextensivelyusedformofcorrectionalcontrolinthiscountryis_____________.
a.probation
b.parole
c.prison
d.jail
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: TheHistoryandDevelopmentofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
43.Bothreprieveand__________areaimedathumanizingthecriminallawandmitigatingitsharshness.
a.probation
b.parole
c.recognizance
d.riskmanagement
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: TheHistoryandDevelopmentofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
44.In______________incarceration,apersononprobationspendsnightsandweekendsinalocaljail.
a.modified
b.shock
c.indeterminate
d.intermittent
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: TheOrganizationofProbationToday
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.02-Describethetwofunctionsofprobation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
45.Today,about_________ofthoseonprobationhavebeenconvictedofaviolentoffense.
a.one-fifth
b.three-quarters
c.one-third
d.one-half
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: TheOrganizationofProbationToday
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
46.Theorganizationofprobationinvolvesthreekeyissues,EXCEPTforwhetheritshouldbe_____________.
a.paidforbytheclient
b.centralizedversusdecentralized
c.combinedwithparole
d.administeredbythejudiciaryorexecutivebranch
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: TheOrganizationofProbationToday
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
Matcheachitemtothephraseorsentencelistedbelow.
a.Failuretoabidebyrulesandconditionsofprobation
b.Fines,communityservice,restitution
c.Reportingtotheprobationofficeachangeofaddress
d.Establishesgoalsforsupervisionandevaluates
e.Constraintstodealwithasignificantproblem/need
f. Thefirsttoprovidebailfordefendants
h.Judgecansuspendasentenceforgoodbehavior
i. Methodforincreasingtheeffectivenessofcorrectionaltreatment
j. Approachcrimefromaproblem-solvingperspective
REFERENCES: Seethroughoutthechapter.
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
ACOR.CLEA.19.08.02-Describethetwofunctionsofprobation.
47.Technicalviolation
ANSWER:a
48.Standardconditions
ANSWER:c
49.Punitiveconditions
ANSWER:b
50.Treatmentconditions
ANSWER:e
51.Performance-basedsupervision
ANSWER:d
52.Communityjustice
ANSWER:j
53.JohnAugustus
ANSWER:f
CopyrightCengageLearning.PoweredbyCognero.Page15
54.Motivationalinterviewing
ANSWER:i
55.Judicialreprieve
ANSWER:h
56.Recognizance
ANSWER:g
57.Theabilitytoinfluenceaperson’sactionsinadesireddirectionwithoutresortingtoforceisknownas______.
ANSWER: authority
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.05-Describethedynamicsthatoccuramongtheprobation
officer,thepersononprobation,andtheprobationbureaucracy.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
58._____________interviewingincreasestheeffectivenessofcorrectionaltreatmentbyhavingtheprobationofficer
interactwiththeclientwhilepromotingtheclient’schangeprocess.
ANSWER: Motivational
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.09-Describewhatisknownabouttheeffectivenessof
probationsupervision.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
59.Theclient’sresponseto____________stronglyinfluencestheoveralleffectivenessofprobation.
ANSWER: supervision
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.09-Describewhatisknownabouttheeffectivenessof
probationsupervision.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
60.Thetechniqueof_________determineswhetherapersonisusingdrugs.
ANSWER: urinalysis
REFERENCES: TheEffectivenessofSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.06-Discussthedifferentkindsofprobationconditionsand
explainwhytheyareimportant.
ACOR.CLEA.19.08.09-Describewhatisknownabouttheeffectivenessof
probationsupervision.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
61.A(n)_____________isnowastandardinthePSI,whereaninterviewisconductedbytheprobationofficerwith
thevictimofthecrime.
ANSWER: victimimpactstatement
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.04-Listthemajorissuesinvolvedinthepresentence
investigation.
ACOR.CLEA.19.08.05-Describethedynamicsthatoccuramongtheprobation
officer,thepersononprobation,andtheprobationbureaucracy.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
62._____________investigativefirmshaverecentlybeguntoprovidejudgeswithPSIs.
ANSWER: Private
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.04-Listthemajorissuesinvolvedinthepresentence
investigation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
63.Thedualfunctionsofprobationare________andsupervision.
ANSWER: investigation
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.02-Describethetwofunctionsofprobation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
64.Thechiefconflictforaprobationofficer’srole,whichincludesenforcingthelawandhelpingtheconvict,arisesfrom
theuseof_____________andauthority.
ANSWER: power
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.05-Describethedynamicsthatoccuramongtheprobation
officer,thepersononprobation,andtheprobationbureaucracy.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
65.ThePSIplaysitsmostimportantroleforthejudgeinthe___________process.
ANSWER: sentencing
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.03-Discussthepurposeandcontentofthepresentence
investigationreport.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
66._______________________conditionsareconstraintsimposedonthepersononprobationtoforcehimorherto
dealwithasignificantproblemorneed,suchassubstanceabuse.
ANSWER: Treatment
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.05-Describethedynamicsthatoccuramongtheprobation
officer,thepersononprobation,andtheprobationbureaucracy.
ACOR.CLEA.19.08.06-Discussthedifferentkindsofprobationconditionsand
explainwhytheyareimportant.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
67._________________conditionsareconstraintsimposedonapersononprobationtoincreasetherestrictivenessor
painfulnessofprobation,includingfines,communityservice,andrestitution.
ANSWER: Punitive
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.05-Describethedynamicsthatoccuramongtheprobation
officer,thepersononprobation,andtheprobationbureaucracy.
ACOR.CLEA.19.08.06-Discussthedifferentkindsofprobationconditionsand
explainwhytheyareimportant.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
68.______________________constraintsarethelegalconditionsofprobationthataresetbythecourtorwritteninto
law.
ANSWER: Formal
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.05-Describethedynamicsthatoccuramongtheprobation
officer,thepersononprobation,andtheprobationbureaucracy.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
69.___________________referstothereturnofaformercorrectionalclienttocriminalbehavior,asmeasuredby
newarrestsorotherproblemswiththelaw.
ANSWER: Recidivism
REFERENCES: TheEffectivenessofSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.07-Definerecidivismanddescribeitsimportanceto
probation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
70.___________________systemshelpfocusthesupervisioneffortofprobationofficersonclientproblems,which
areidentifiedusingastandardizedassessmentofrisksandneeds.
ANSWER: Casemanagement
REFERENCES: TheEffectivenessofSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.07-Definerecidivismanddescribeitsimportanceto
probation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
71.__________________istheprocessbywhichprivateinvestigativefirmscontractconvictedpeopletoconduct
comprehensivebackgroundchecksandsuggesttojudgescreativesentencingoptionsasalternativestoincarceration.
ANSWER: Client-specificplanning
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.04-Listthemajorissuesinvolvedinthepresentence
investigation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
72.______________istheideathatinsteadofbeingsenttoprison,apersonisallowedtoliveinthecommunityunder
supervisionandmustdemonstrateawillingnesstoabidebyitslaws.
ANSWER: Probation
REFERENCES: TheHistoryandDevelopmentofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
73.__________________incarcerationiswhenapersonissentencedtojail,releasedafterashortperiodof
confinement,andresentencedtoprobation.
ANSWER: Shock
REFERENCES: TheHistoryandDevelopmentofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember
74.Explainwhatismeantbyrevocationofprobation.Listanddiscussthewaysapersoncouldhavehisorherprobation
revoked.
ANSWER: Answerswillvary.
REFERENCES: RevocationandTerminationofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.10-Discusstherevocationofprobation,including”technical”
revocation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Understand
75.Whatareevidence-basedpracticesinreferencetoprobation?Describewhatevidence-basedpracticeshavebeen
developed.
ANSWER: Answerswillvary.
REFERENCES: TheEffectivenessofSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.08-Defineevidence-basedpracticeanddiscussits
importancetoprobation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Understand
76.WhowasJohnAugustus,andhowdidhiseffortschangecorrectionsinAmerica?Besuretoidentifytheinnovations
andpracticesoriginatedbyhiswork.
ANSWER: Answerswillvary.
REFERENCES: TheHistoryandDevelopmentofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Understand
77.Describethetwoprimaryfunctionsofprobationandhowthosefunctionsarecarriedout.
ANSWER: Answerswillvary.
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.02-Describethetwofunctionsofprobation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Understand
78.Describetheroleoftheprobationofficer,intermsofboththeinvestigativefunctionandthesupervisoryfunction.
ANSWER: Answerswillvary.
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.05-Describethedynamicsthatoccuramongtheprobation
officer,thepersononprobation,andtheprobationbureaucracy.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Understand
79.Inyouropinion,shouldviolatorsofprobationconditionsbegivenadditionalchancesbeforebeingsenttoprison?Why
orwhynot?
ANSWER: Answerswillvary.
REFERENCES: RevocationandTerminationofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.10-Discusstherevocationofprobation,including”technical”
revocation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Evaluate
80.Whatisyouroverallopinionregardingtheeffectivenessofprobation?Wheredoyouseethepracticeofprobationten
yearsfromnow,especiallyintermsofitsfrequencyofusage?
ANSWER: Answerswillvary.
REFERENCES: TheEffectivenessofSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.07-Definerecidivismanddescribeitsimportanceto
probation.
ACOR.CLEA.19.08.08-Defineevidence-basedpracticeanddiscussits
importancetoprobation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Evaluate
81.HowwerethedevelopmentstocorrectionsintroducedbyJohnAugustussoremarkable?Howhavetheyshaped
correctionsoveracenturylater?
ANSWER: Answerswillvary.
REFERENCES: TheHistoryandDevelopmentofProbation
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.01-Describethehistoryanddevelopmentofprobation,
includinghowitisorganizedtoday.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Analyze
82.Explaintheconflictcreatedbythedifferinggoalsofthetwofunctionsofprobation.Howhaveorganizationsdealt
withtheconflictproducedbythedifferinggoals?
ANSWER: Answerswillvary.
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.02-Describethetwofunctionsofprobation.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Analyze
83.Discusstheroleoftheprobationofficer,intermsofboththeinvestigativefunctionandthesupervisoryfunction.
Whichroledoyouthinkisprimary,andwhy?Ifyouwereaprobationofficer,whichdoyoufeelwouldoccupymost
ofyourtime,andwhy?
ANSWER: Answerswillvary.
REFERENCES: TheDualFunctionsofProbation:InvestigationandSupervision
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.19.08.05-Describethedynamicsthatoccuramongtheprobation
officer,thepersononprobation,andtheprobationbureaucracy.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Evaluate