978-1337557658 Chapter 19

Type Homework Help

Pages 14

Words 1638

Textbook American Corrections 12th Edition

Authors George F. Cole, Michael D. Reisig, Todd R. Clear

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1.SomehavearguedthattheU.S.prisonsystemisdesignedasawaytoimprisonAfricanAmericanmen.

a.True

b.False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: RaceintheCorrectionalContext

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.01-Analyzethemeaningofraceandethnicity.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

2.SentencingfordrugcrimescontributestothehighincarcerationrateofAfricanAmericans.

a.True

b.False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

3.Foranygivencrime,AfricanAmericanyouthsaremorelikelytobearrestedthanwhiteyouths.

a.True

b.False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

4.Manyobserversbelievetherelationshipbetweenracismandthecriminaljusticesystemisreciprocal.

a.True

b.False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

5.Examinationofself-reportstudiesofcriminalityhasoftenrevealedthatAfricanAmericanandwhiteyouthsadmitto

similarparticipationlevelsincriminalanddeviantactivity.

a.True

b.False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

6.TherearemoreAfricanAmericanmeninprisonthanincollege.

a.True

b.False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: RaceintheCorrectionalContext

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

7.Racialdisparityinsentencingoccursmainlybecauseofovertracisminthecriminaljusticesystem.

a.True

b.False

ANSWER: False

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Understand

8.Drugcrimesaretheonlyplaceweseediscriminatoryincarcerationrates.

a.True

b.False

ANSWER: False

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.03-Describethesignificanceofraceandpunishment.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

9.Ethnicityrelatestoaperson’slanguage,religion,andgrouptraditions.

a.True

b.False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: TheConceptsofRaceandEthnicity

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.01-Analyzethemeaningofraceandethnicity.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

10.Raceiscontroversialtotheextentthatithasbeenrecognizedashavingbothpoliticalandbiologicalimplications.

a.True

b.False

ANSWER: False

REFERENCES: RaceintheCorrectionalContext

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.01-Analyzethemeaningofraceandethnicity.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

11.AfricanAmericansmakeuproughly13percentoftheentireU.S.population,butmakealmost35percentoftheU.S.

prisonpopulation.

a.True

b.False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: RaceintheCorrectionalContext

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.01-Analyzethemeaningofraceandethnicity.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

12.Raceisasociologicalconceptusedtodistinguishpeoplebytheirculturalcharacteristics.

a.True

b.False

ANSWER: False

REFERENCES: TheConceptsofRaceandEthnicity

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

13.Hispanicsandwhitesaresubjectedtothecriminaljusticesystematmuchhigherratesthanblacks.

a.True

b.False

ANSWER: False

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

14.Disparityoccurswhengroupsaredifferentiallytreatedwithoutregardtotheirbehaviororqualifications.

a.True

b.False

ANSWER: False

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

15.Thereislittletonoevidencesupportingaviewthatpeopleofcolorareinherentlymorelikelytobeinvolvedincrime.

a.True

b.False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

16.DisparityofincomebyracialgroupsisnolongerabasiccharacteristicofU.S.society.

a.True

b.False

ANSWER: False

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

17.WesternstatestendtohavethehighestincarcerationratesofAfricanAmericansintheUnitedStates.

a.True

b.False

ANSWER: False

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

18.AslongassomegroupsintheUnitedStatesareunfairlyexcludedfromsociety’sopportunities,theywillhaveless

motivationtoobeyitslaws.

a.True

b.False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: TheSignificanceofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.03-Describethesignificanceofraceandpunishment.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

19.Thosewithafelonyconvictionarenotallowedtovote.Thisisreferredtoas_____________.

a.criminaldisability

b.civildeath

c.pervasivedisability

d.disenfranchisement

ANSWER: d

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

20.WhichpresidentsignedtheFairSentencingActeliminatingthemandatoryminimumsentenceforsimplepossession

ofcrackandpowdercocaine?

a.Obama

b.Bush

c.Trump

d.Clinton

ANSWER: a

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

21.ThefactthatAfricanAmericansandLatinosaresubjectedtothecriminaljusticesystematconsiderablyhigher

ratesthanotherethnicandracialgroupsis_____________.

a.indisputable

b.arguable

c.notborneoutbyresearch

d.amyth

ANSWER: a

REFERENCES: RaceintheCorrectionalContext

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.01-Analyzethemeaningofraceandethnicity.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

22.Intermsofculture,theUnitedStatesisa_____________.

a.homogenoussociety

b.meltingpot

c.disassimilatedculture

d.mosaic

ANSWER: d

REFERENCES: TheConceptsofRaceandEthnicity

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.01-Analyzethemeaningofraceandethnicity.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

23.Whengroupsaretreateddifferentlywithoutregardtotheirbehaviororqualifications,_______occurs.

a.ethnicity

b.homogeneity

c.disparity

d.discrimination

ANSWER: d

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

24.Insteadofclassifyingpeoplebypurelybiologicalcategories,socialscientistslookatgroupsofpeopleintermsof

_____________.

a.race

b.ethnicity

c.economics

d.propensitytowardcrime

ANSWER: b

REFERENCES: TheConceptsofRaceandEthnicity

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.01-Analyzethemeaningofraceandethnicity.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

25.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthethreethemesusetoexplainthecauseofracialdisparitiesinthecriminal

justicesystem?

a.Moremenofcolorendupincarceratedbecausetheycommitmorecrimes.

b.Thesystemisracistandtreatsmenofcolormoreharshly.

c.Thesystemrepresentsavehiclefortheexpressionofsocietalracism.

d.Menofcoloraremorecriminalthenwhitesbynature.

ANSWER: d

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

26.ThegapbetweenunemploymentratesforAfricanAmericanmenandeveryothergroupinsocietyishigherwhen

_____________.

a.prisonsdonotallowincarceratedindividualstowork

b.menwhoarebehindbarsarereleased

c.menwhoarebehindbarsareincludedintheunemploymentrate

d.peopleinprisonarenotincludedintheunemploymentrate

ANSWER: c

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.03-Describethesignificanceofraceandpunishment.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

27.__________adultshavecommittedaseriousoffenseintheirlifetime.

a.Few

b.Most

c.Abouthalfof

d.All

ANSWER: b

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

28.Thevictim’sperceptionoftheraceoftheperpetrator_____________.

a.isusuallyaccurate.

b.differsfromtheraceofthosearrested.

c.hasinfluenceoversentencing.

d.isneitherherenorthere.

ANSWER: b

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

29.Differentialcriminalitymeansthat_____________.

a.justiceinthecorrectionalsystemcannotbeensuredwithouteliminatingracialdisparities.

b.thecorrectionalsystemisvulnerabletochargesofracism.

c.discriminationaccountsforthedisproportionaterepresentationofminoritiesincorrections.

d.moreminoritieswillendupincorrectionsbecausetheycommitmoreandworsecrimes.

ANSWER: d

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

30.WhichofthefollowingcontributestohighratesofincarcerationofAfricanAmericans?

a.Drugsentences

b.Poverty

c.Unemployment

d.Allofthesearecorrect

ANSWER: d

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

31.Criminaljusticeofficialsmakeavarietyofdecisionsthatdisadvantageminoritymales.Theseinclude

_____________.

a.wherepolicepatrol

b.thecostofbail

c.theabilitytohireaprivateattorney

d.Allofthesearecorrect

ANSWER: d

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

32.Evenwithoutdiscriminating,thecriminaljusticesystemcanexacerbateproblemsfacedbyminoritieswhenit

_____________.

a.doesnotallowpeopleconvictedoffeloniestovote

b.givessentencesinthesamewayregardlessofrace

c.penalizesthosewhohavefewerresources

d.doesnotaccountfortheoverrepresentationofminoritiesinjail

ANSWER: c

REFERENCES: WhichIsIt:RaceorRacism?

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.03-Describethesignificanceofraceandpunishment.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

33.Recentsociologicalstudieshavedemonstratedthat_____________.

a.employersarehesitanttohireyoungmenwhohavebeeninprison.

b.employersaremorelikelytodoabackgroundcheckonyoungAfricanAmericanmen.

c.youngAfricanAmericanmenarebarredfrommanyformsofemployment.

d.employersarebothhesitanttohireyoungmenwhohavebeeninprisonandaremorelikelytodoa

backgroundcheckonyoungAfricanAmericanmen.

ANSWER: d

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

34.ThehighpercentageofyoungAfricanAmericanmenbehindbarsresultsin_____________.

a.theirlackofearningawage

b.theirnotbeingabletoparentchildren

c.theirnotbeingabletosupporttheirpartners

d.Allofthesearecorrect

ANSWER: d

REFERENCES: TheSignificanceofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.03-Describethesignificanceofraceandpunishment.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

35.AfricanAmericanmenborninthe_________aremorelikelytogotoprisonthantofinishafour-yeardegreeor

serveinthemilitary.

a.1960s

b.1970s

c.1980s

d.1990s

ANSWER: a

REFERENCES: RaceintheCorrectionalContext

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.01-Analyzethemeaningofraceandethnicity.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

36.Havingagreaterminoritypresenceincriminaljusticerolesofauthority_____________.

a.isnotpossibleduetosystematicracism

b.isenoughtobenefiteveryone

c.leadstodifferentjudgmentsaboutcases

d.willeradicateracismfromthecriminaljusticesystem

ANSWER: c

REFERENCES: TheSignificanceofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.03-Describethesignificanceofraceandpunishment.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

37.AfricanAmericansmakeupalmost35percentoftheprisonpopulationbutonly__________ofallU.S.residents.

a.5percent

b.13percent

c.23percent

d.30percent

ANSWER: b

REFERENCES: RaceintheCorrectionalContext

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.01-Analyzethemeaningofraceandethnicity.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

38.ReferralstojuvenilecourtforAfricanAmericanmalesoccuratmorethan__________therateforwhites.

a.twice

b.fivetimes

c.triple

d.half

ANSWER: a

REFERENCES: RaceintheCorrectionalContext

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.01-Analyzethemeaningofraceandethnicity.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

39.OneinthreeAfricanAmericanmenare_____________.

a.onparole

b.onprobation

c.incollege

d.undercorrectionalsupervision

ANSWER: d

REFERENCES: RaceintheCorrectionalContext

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.01-Analyzethemeaningofraceandethnicity.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

40.Patternsofdisproportionaterepresentationinthecriminaljusticesystem_____________.

a.startwithjuveniles

b.arearuralphenomenon

c.havealwaysexisted

d.arearelativelynewoccurrence

ANSWER: a

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.01-Analyzethemeaningofraceandethnicity.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

41.Whitestendtoadmittomore___________crimesthanAfricanAmericansorHispanicswhencompletingaself-

reportsurvey.

a.theft

b.drug

c.burglary

d.alcohol

ANSWER: b

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

42.________childrenarethemostlikelytoliveinpoverty.

a.Hispanic

b.AfricanAmerican

c.Asian

d.White

ANSWER: b

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.03-Describethesignificanceofraceandpunishment.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

43.Whichofthefollowingtypesofexplanationoftheoverrepresentationofpeopleofcolorinthecriminaljustice

systemisvulnerabletothechargeofracism?

a.Legal

b.Economical

c.Sociobiological

d.Sociological

ANSWER: c

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

44.Racial___________occursifpeoplewhoareotherwisesimilarintheircriminalityaretreateddifferentlybythe

criminaljusticesystembecauseoftheirrace.

a.discrimination

b.disparity

c.exploitation

d.favoritism

ANSWER: a

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

45.Youngpeoplewholiveinpovertyanddisadvantagemaydevelopwhathasbeencalled“____________,”which

includesagreaterwillingnesstocommitviolence.

a.alienation

b.malaise

c.socialanxiety

d.thecodeofthestreet

ANSWER: d

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

46.Unequaltreatmentofonegroupbythecriminaljusticesystem,comparedwiththetreatmentaffordedothergroups,

isreferredtoas______________.

a.bias

b.disparity

c.exploitation

d.discrimination

ANSWER: d

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

47.AfricanAmericansarenow_________________timesmorelikelythanwhitestobeincarceratedatsometimein

theirlifeinastateorfederalprison.

a.three

b.five

c.seven

d.10

ANSWER: c

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

Matcheachitemtothephraseorsentencelistedbelow.

a.Individualsareaskedtoreportontheirowncriminalbehavior

b.Inequalityoftreatment

c.Adifferenceexplainedbylegitimatefactors

d.Aconceptthatisoftentreatedasbiologicaleventhoughitisnot

e.Culturalcharacteristics

f. Saysthatwhitefearofblackswillbegreatestinareaswheretheproportionofblacksapproachesthatof

whites

g.Contributetohighercrimeratesandarealsocausedbythem

h.Themultiracial,multiethniccompositionofsociety

i. Aconsequenceofthoseconvictedoffeloniesnotbeingallowedtovote

j. Representationofthelawasanever-presentcontinuum

REFERENCES: Seethroughoutthechapter.

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.01-Analyzethemeaningofraceandethnicity.

ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

48.Race

ANSWER:d

49.Ethnicity

ANSWER:e

50.Self-reportstudies

ANSWER:a

51.Discrimination

ANSWER:b

52.Disparity

ANSWER:c

53.Mosaic

ANSWER:h

54.Statepresence

ANSWER:j

55.Socialproblems

ANSWER:g

56.Disenfranchisement

ANSWER:i

57.Racialthreathypothesis

ANSWER:f

58.Aninvestigationofbehavior(suchascriminalactivity)basedonasubject’sresponsesisa(n)__________.

ANSWER: self-reportstudy

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

59.___________distinguishespeopleaccordingtolanguage,religion,andgrouptraditions.

ANSWER: Ethnicity

REFERENCES: TheConceptsofRaceandEthnicity

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.01-Analyzethemeaningofraceandethnicity.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

60.Racialdisparitiesbecomeracial__________ifpeoplewhoareotherwisesimilarintheircriminalityaretreated

differentlybythecriminaljusticesystem.

ANSWER: discrimination

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

61.Somepeopleclaimthateliminatingracismfromthecriminaljusticesystemisnotlikelytooccur,becausethesystem

isembeddedinalargerracist___________.

ANSWER: society

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

62.PresidentObamasignedtheFairSentencingActof___________,eliminatingmandatoryminimumsentencesfor

crackandpowdercocaineuse.

ANSWER: 2010

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

63.StudiesshowthatAfricanAmericanyouthshavesubstantially________ratesofuseofdrugs.

ANSWER: lower

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’sRemember

64.The___________hypothesisisthebeliefthatwhitefearofAfricanAmericansisleastwhenwhitesarethe

majority.

ANSWER: racialthreat

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

65.___________isadifferencebetweengroupsthatcanbeexplainedbylegitimatefactors.

ANSWER: Disparity

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

66.____________isassumedtobeabiologicalconceptthatdivideshumankindintocategoriesrelatedtoskincolorand

otherphysicalfeatures.

ANSWER: Race

REFERENCES: TheConceptsofRaceandEthnicity

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.01-Analyzethemeaningofraceandethnicity.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

67.____________explanationsforcrimedisparitiesimplytheexistenceofa“criminalclass”ofpeoplewhoconstitute

anongoingdangertosociety.

ANSWER: Sociobiological

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.03-Describethesignificanceofraceandpunishment.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

68._________________suchaspoverty,single-parentfamilies,andunemploymentcontributetohighercrimerates.

ANSWER: Socialproblems

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

69.Thereiscontroversyaboutwhether__________criminalityisdisparityorresultsfromdiscrimination.

ANSWER: differential

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

70.Thedisparitybetween___________andpunishmentpatternsiskeytotheclaimbysomescholarsthatthecriminal

justicesystemisbiasedagainstminoritygroups.

ANSWER: crimerates

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

71.TheoverrepresentationofAfricanAmericansinthecriminaljusticesystemhasledto________________duetoa

lossofvotingrights.

ANSWER: disenfranchisement

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

72.Theperceptionofa__________oftheconvictedindividual’sraceoftendiffersfromtheraceofthosearrested.

ANSWER: victim

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

73.Racist_____________,itisargued,helpproducethehighercrimeratesamongminorities,andthenracistfearsof

minoritieshelpjustifytreatingthemmoreharshlywhentheyarecaught.

ANSWER: institutions

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Remember

74.Mandatorysentencingfor_____________crimes,startinginthe1980s,hasledtoarapidincreaseinincarceration

ratesofAfricanAmericans.

ANSWER: drug

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’sRemember

75.Listandexplainthreewaysinwhichthecriminaljusticesystemoperatestoallowforanoverrepresentationof

AfricanAmericansandLatinos/asinprisons.Giveoneexampleeachinvolvingthepolice,thecourts,andthe

correctionalsystem.

ANSWER: Answerswillvary.

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Understand

76.DiscusstheimpactthatahighlevelofincarcerationhasonbothAfricanAmericanandLatinocommunities.

ANSWER: Answerswillvary.

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Understand

77.Whatroledoesthesocietalperceptionoftheimpactofraceoncriminalityplayinthecriminaljusticesystem?

ANSWER: Answerswillvary.

REFERENCES: RaceintheCorrectionalContext

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.01-Analyzethemeaningofraceandethnicity.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Understand

78.Explaintheracialthreathypothesis.Inwhatareasdofactsaboutracialdisparitiessupportthishypothesis?

ANSWER: Answerswillvary.

REFERENCES: TheSignificanceofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.03-Describethesignificanceofraceandpunishment.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Understand

79.Inyouropinion,whatcanorshouldbedonetoaddresstheoverrepresentationofminoritiesinthecriminaljustice

system?

ANSWER: Answerswillvary.

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Evaluate

80.Whatimplicationsdothehighlevelsofincarcerationforminoritieshaveontheeffectivenessofcommunity-based

corrections?

ANSWER: Answerswillvary.

REFERENCES: VisionsofRaceandPunishment

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.02-Explainhowvaryingvisionsofraceandpunishment

influenceourthinkingonthisissue.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Analyze

81.HowdosocialinequalitiesexperiencedbyAfricanAmericansasawholebearontheirrelationshiptothecriminal

justicesystem?

ANSWER: Answerswillvary.

REFERENCES: RaceintheCorrectionalContext

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.01-Analyzethemeaningofraceandethnicity.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Analyze

82.Explainhowthesocialdisadvantagesofminoritiesandcriminalpenaltiesrelatetoeachothercyclically,each

perpetuatingtheother.

ANSWER: Answerswillvary.

REFERENCES: WhichIsIt:RaceorRacism?

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:ACOR.CLEA.16.19.03-Describethesignificanceofraceandpunishment.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:Analyze

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978-1337557658 Chapter 19

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978-1337557658 Chapter 19

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