Page 1
1.
Examples are a type of _____ material that aids audience understanding by making
ideas, items, or events more concrete.
2.
_______, which aid audience understanding, can be brief or extended and either factual
or hypothetical.
3.
_______ examples are effective for making a point about something that could happen
in the future.
4.
_______, or stories, tell tales that are either real or imaginary.
5.
A(n) _______ is a brief story about an interesting or humorous incident.
6.
Firsthand findings, eyewitness accounts, and opinions are types of _______.
7.
_______ testimony includes findings, eyewitness accounts, or opinions by professionals
who are qualified on a particular subject.
8.
_______ testimony is testimony by nonexperts.
9.
Audiences respond most favorably to a _________ of supporting materials; alternating
among different types of support material will make the presentation more interesting
and credible.
10.
Actual events, dates, times, people involved, and places are all known as _______.
11.
_______ are quantified evidence that summarizes, compares, and predicts.
12.
A _______ is the number of times something occurs.
13.
A _______ is the quantified portion of a whole, and can be used to compare categories.
Page 2
14.
The _______ is the sum of scores divided by the number of scores.
15.
_______ is the practice of selectively presenting data that supports your point.
16.
Ethical speakers avoid confusing statistics with “________ ________.”
Page 3
Answer Key
Page 4
1.
Examples in a speech weaken audience understanding by making ideas, items, or events
less concrete.
A)
True
B)
False
2.
Examples in a speech can be brief or extended.
A)
True
B)
False
3.
Hypothetical examples are effective for making a point about something that has already
occurred.
A)
True
B)
False
4.
One of the most powerful means of conveying a message is through a narrative.
A)
True
B)
False
5.
Stories tell tales that are either real or imaginary.
A)
True
B)
False
6.
Testimony comprises firsthand findings, eyewitness accounts, and opinions.
A)
True
B)
False
7.
Lay testimony is given by non-experts (such as eyewitnesses).
A)
True
B)
False
8.
In Western societies, most people require some type of evidence before they will accept
a speaker’s position or claims.
A)
True
B)
False
Page 5
9.
Facts are findings, eyewitness accounts, or opinions from professionals trained to
evaluate a given topic.
A)
True
B)
False
10.
Statistics always add precision to speech claims, even if the speaker does not understand
them.
A)
True
B)
False
11.
Frequencies can help listeners understand comparisons between two or more categories.
A)
True
B)
False
12.
The three types of averages are calculated differently but all illustrate the same
information about a set of numbers.
A)
True
B)
False
13.
Cherry-picking is one way to present statistics ethically.
A)
True
B)
False
14.
Effective examples for a speech can be all of the following EXCEPT
A)
hypothetical.
B)
extended.
C)
brief.
D)
extraneous.
15.
What type of example offers a single illustration of a point?
A)
brief
B)
extended
C)
factual
D)
hypothetical
Page 6
16.
Which type of example offers a multifaceted illustration of a point?
A)
brief
B)
extended
C)
factual
D)
hypothetical
17.
Which type of example may be used to make a point about something that could happen
in the future if certain events were to occur?
A)
brief
B)
extended
C)
factual
D)
hypothetical
18.
Parables, anecdotes, and other stories are all kinds of
A)
perspectives.
B)
narratives.
C)
testimonies.
D)
statistics.
19.
Narratives are used to
A)
provide listeners with data.
B)
get listeners’ feedback.
C)
convey a message through a story.
D)
present firsthand findings.
20.
Brief stories of interesting, humorous incidents based on real life are called
A)
facts.
B)
testimony.
C)
statistics.
D)
anecdotes.
21.
If a medical doctor gives cutting-edge information on the threat of high cholesterol, she
or he is providing which type of supporting material?
A)
narrative material
B)
lay testimony
C)
expert testimony
D)
an extended example
Page 7
22.
If a person who was a witness to the destruction of the Twin Towers on 9/11 provides a
quotation about what she or he saw, that quotation would be considered
A)
expert testimony.
B)
lay testimony.
C)
narrative.
D)
an extended example.
23.
When citing testimony in a speech, the speaker should always
A)
supply the qualifications of the source.
B)
supply the inferential statistics related to the source.
C)
provide information about when, but not where, the testimony was offered.
D)
supply the age of the source.
24.
What are statistics NOT useful for?
A)
predicting things
B)
making comparisons
C)
providing anecdotal information
D)
summarizing information
25.
To present statistics ethically,
A)
use only trustworthy and reputable sources.
B)
present data as absolute.
C)
selectively present data that supports your point.
D)
present data as your own.
Page 8
Answer Key
Page 9
1.
Provide an extended example for the topic “weight loss.”
2.
Why is a narrative such a powerful and compelling type of supporting material?
3.
Identify two essential elements of an effective story.
4.
What is the difference between expert testimony and lay testimony?
5.
How do facts differ from statistics?
6.
Define and provide one example each for the three types of averages: mean, median,
and mode.
7.
How can you make sure to present statistics ethically?
Page 10
Answer Key