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72. Under the studio system ______.
A) actors were independent contractors who could work for any studio
B) movies were made using an assembly-line process
C) the studios had no control over the private lives of their creative talent
D) producers were hired to direct the pictures
E) All of the options are correct.
73. When a studio engaged in block booking, it ______.
A) opened a big-budget film in at least one thousand movie theaters across the United
States
B) hired an entire neighborhood or category of people to appear in a film
C) guaranteed an exhibitor that a film would attract a minimum number of paying
customers
D) required exhibitors to book a large number of new or marginal pictures in order to
get the movies they really wanted
E) required movie actors to sign exclusive contracts
74. Through the 1920s, 85 to 95 percent of all film revenue was generated by ______.
A) small neighborhood theaters
B) downtown first-run theaters
C) multiplexes in shopping malls
D) home video rentals
E) drive-in theaters
75. Which of the following is not one of the original five major studios that once dominated
the film business?
A) RKO
B) Warner Brothers
C) Paramount
D) Disney
E) Twentieth Century Fox
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76. Which of the following is true about early major Hollywood studio heads like Adolph
Zukor?
A) They allowed independent, smaller filmmakers to thrive because of their own
experiences fighting the opposition and control of Thomas Edison and the Trust.
B) They struggled because of stiff competition from European filmmakers following
World War I.
C) They tried to give actors and directors a great deal of choice about the kinds and
numbers of films to make.
D) They believed that the three main areas of the movie business—production,
distribution, and exhibition—should be handled by separate companies.
E) None of the options are correct.
77. Which film was the first successful talking motion picture?
A) The Great Train Robbery
B) Snow White
C) Birth of a Nation
D) The Jazz Singer
E) The Life of an American Firefighter
78. According to your textbook, what is a main reason that Hollywood tends to make films
that belong in certain genres?
A) It makes it easier for studios to find good scripts.
B) It is easier for studios to promote a film that fits into a preexisting category.
C) Filmmakers don’t like to be challenged and would rather be told by studios what
kind of film to make.
D) It costs less money to make films that fit into a specific formula.
E) All of the options are correct.
79. In commercial filmmaking, who is considered the “author” of a film?
A) The lead actor/actress
B) The executive producer
C) The studio
D) The screenwriter
E) The director
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80. Which of the following statements about women and/or minority film directors in the
United States is true?
A) The influence of Mary Pickford meant women enjoyed the same directing
opportunities as men, even if minorities didn’t.
B) With a few exceptions, women and minority directors have received little
recognition and opportunity for much of the history of movies.
C) Minorities, as long as they were men, have for decades enjoyed the same status as
white male film directors.
D) Both women and minorities have received the same degree of recognition in
Hollywood as white male film directors.
E) None of the options are correct.
81. Which of the following is a reason for the sharp decline in the number of foreign films
released in cinemas between 1966 and 1990?
A) Moviegoers asked their local cinemas to stop showing foreign films.
B) Multiplexes felt foreign films posed too strong a threat to domestic films.
C) Multiplexes didn’t want to screen foreign titles because of their small profit
margins.
D) Foreign films are too highbrow for American audiences.
E) None of the options are correct.
82. According to the textbook, which of the following statements about documentary films is
false?
A) Documentary films show an unbiased and unvarnished picture of how the world
really is.
B) Some of the earliest documentary films grew out of newsreels.
C) Documentary films sometimes use a style known as cinema verité.
D) Documentary films sometimes take on controversial subjects.
E) Documentary films, often educational and noncommercial, usually require the
backing of industry, government, or philanthropy to get made.
83. What is a typical characteristic of independent films?
A) They tend to be made on a shoestring budget.
B) They often need help from major studios for successful distribution.
C) They often rely on real-life situations and nonstudio settings.
D) They are now easier and cheaper to make because of new digital movie cameras.
E) All of the options are correct.
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84. The Hollywood Ten are famous for ______.
A) violating the film production code in the 1950s
B) trying to pool patents and control the film industry
C) being the leading film stars of the silent era
D) refusing to testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee
E) giving up names of suspected communist sympathizers during the communist
witch-hunts of the 1940s and 1950s
85. Which of the following is true about the Hollywood Ten?
A) They were tried in a court of law and evidence was presented to show they were
helping America’s enemies.
B) They avoided punishment and appeared cooperative by giving names of people they
thought or knew sympathized with communists.
C) They may have falsely named industry rivals as communist supporters in order to
gain an advantage in Hollywood.
D) They only made films with patriotic or anticommunist themes.
E) None of the options are correct.
86. ______ was a result of the Justice Department’s attempts to break up monopolies within
the film industry.
A) Fin-syn
B) The Paramount decision
C) The Telecommunications Act of 1996
D) HUAC
E) MPPA
87. Which of the following did not have an impact on Hollywood in the postwar era (late
1940s, 1950s)?
A) HUAC and the Hollywood Ten
B) The Paramount decision
C) The mass egress to the suburbs
D) Television
E) The rise of nickelodeons
88. In an effort to compete with television in the 1950s, the movie studios began making
______.
A) big-budget family films
B) documentaries
C) X-rated adult movies
D) films that dealt with such social problems as alcoholism, drug abuse, and racism
E) summer “blockbuster” films
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89. U.S. film viewing decreased during the 1950s because ______.
A) television cornered the family market
B) novelties like 3-D didn’t work
C) Americans chose to spend their money on refrigerators rather than movie tickets
D) Americans were getting married earlier in life, which meant fewer movie dates
E) All of the options are correct.
90. Which of the following is true about the ways studios generate revenue today?
A) Studios get paid to feature products in a movie.
B) Studios make money by distributing movies made by independent filmmakers.
C) Studios share box office receipts with theater operators.
D) Studios get a cut from movie rentals and DVD and Blu-ray sales.
E) All of the options are correct.
91. Which of the following is not one of the six major film conglomerates today?
A) United Artists
B) Warner Brothers
C) Disney
D) Columbia Pictures
E) Universal
92. When a media conglomerate can use the magazines, newspapers, and television and
radio stations it owns to promote a movie, this is known as ______.
A) vertical integration
B) megaplexing
C) rapport
D) synergy
E) multitasking
93. Which statement best reflects a current trend in movie viewing?
A) Americans are flocking to drive-in theaters.
B) Consumers have all but stopped going to regular movie theaters.
C) Americans are going to video stores more and more to rent films.
D) Consumers are increasingly streaming movies via the Internet instead of renting
videos.
E) American audiences are watching foreign movies at a record rate.
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94. Which of the following is an Internet distribution service for television shows and
movies?
A) Redbox
B) TiVo Premiere.
C) Blu-ray
D) Netflix
E) Hollywood Video
95. In 2012, movie fans accessed more movies through ______ than physical copies for the
first time.
A) DVDs
B) Redbox
C) Blu-rays
D) digital online media
E) None of the options are correct.
96. Which answer best describes a reason that movie studios use the Internet to market their
films?
A) It is less expensive than traditional methods of marketing, such as television ads.
B) People no longer see movie trailers on TV because they no longer watch television.
C) It is really easy to set up a Facebook page.
D) It is a guaranteed way to create a box-office hit.
E) None of the options are correct.
97. Which of the following is true about shooting movies with digital video?
A) Directors typically have to wait several hours to see the results of a day of shooting
footage.
B) The digital cameras are typically much bulkier than those that use film.
C) It can be very expensive to capture additional footage with digital cameras if
someone makes a mistake.
D) Digital cameras are more accessible and less expensive, opening the door to more
independent filmmakers.
E) None of the options are correct.
98. Commercial U.S. films function as ______ by providing shared cultural experiences.
A) consensus narratives
B) patent pools
C) cinema verité
D) vertical integration
E) star vehicles
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99. ______________________ is a transparent and pliable film that can hold a coating of
chemicals sensitive to light.
100. The ______________________ was an early movie camera developed by Thomas
Edison’s assistant in the 1890s.
101. The ______________________ was an early film projection system that served as a kind
of peep show.
102. In 1903, Edwin S. Porter introduced the ______________________ genre with The
Great Train Robbery.
103. In 1902, Edwin S. Porter made the film The Life of an American Fireman and
revolutionized narrative film by introducing the technique of ______________________.
104. ______________________, an early tactic of movie studios to control exhibition,
involved pressuring theater operators to accept marginal films with no stars in order to get
access to films with the most popular stars.
105. By the 1920s, Paramount, MGM, Warner Brothers, Twentieth Century Fox, and RKO
were known as the ______________________.
106. ______________________ were weekly ten-minute magazine-style compilations of
filmed news events from around the world.
107. Cinema ______________________ is the French term for “truth film.”
108. The nine screenwriters and one film director subpoenaed by the House Un-American
Activities Committee (HUAC), known as the ______________________, were sent to prison in
the late 1940s.
109. Movie theater facilities with fourteen or more screens are called
______________________.
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110. Using ______________________ allows filmmakers to capture additional footage
without concern for the high cost of film stock and processing.
111. Drive-ins were common in the ____.
112. Movie palaces, single-screen movie theaters, were common in the ____.
113. The use of a live band during a moviegoing experience was common in the ____.
114. Megaplexes, theaters featuring multiple screens, became common in the ____.
115. IMAX screens became common in the____.
116. _____’s editing techniques redefined suspenseful drama.
117. _____ was a popular actor first.
118. _____ made Easy Rider, which tapped into baby-boomer anxieties.
119. _____ made the controversial epic The Birth of a Nation.
120. _____’s films inspired blaxploitation movies.
121. ____ films are considered “the creative treatment of actuality.”
122. ____ are weekly compilations of filmed news events.
123. ____ portray fragments of life filmed unobtrusively.
124. Why did Hollywood end up as the center of American film production?
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125. Describe the introduction of sound in movies in Hollywood.
126. What is vertical integration in the movie industry?
127. What are the three basic economic divisions of the movie industry and how do they
work?
128. Name three major stylistic or formal elements that defined the film style known as
“Hollywood style.”
129. How are the two economic and seemingly opposing goals of product standardization
and product differentiation accomplished within the Hollywood system?
130. Describe what a genre is, and name three popular film genres.
131. Describe the ways in which Hollywood has responded to waves of new technologies and
home entertainment since the 1970s.
132. The movie industry used to make most of its money from box-office revenues. Explain
why this is no longer the case.
133. Describe (using as much detail as possible) six main revenue sources used by the movie
industry today.
134. Explain the ways that the Internet and convergence have impacted the movie industry.
135. Why have U.S. movies remained popular worldwide while other countries have had
great difficulty getting their films into the United States?
136. Describe Disney’s track record of turning its acquisitions into great media and
merchandise franchises. Provide current examples.
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Answer Key
1. B
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45. A
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91. A