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b.
not considered invasions of privacy.
c.
always allowed following a stop.
d.
the least invasive type of search.
ANSWER:
d
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Frisks and the Fourth Amendment
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.02 - Understand and appreciate that warrantless searches and seizures,
including Fourth Amendment stops and frisks, must satisfy the two requirements of the
reasonableness test: (1) the need to search/seize must outweigh the invasion of individual
liberty and privacy, and (2) there must be enough facts and circumstances to back up the
search/seizure.
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.03 - Know that reasonable suspicion is the objective basis required to
back up Fourth Amendment stops and frisks.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 2:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
34. Fourth Amendment stops and frisks are warrantless searches and seizures that must satisfy the two conditions of what
test?
a.
the “bright-line” test
b.
the balancing test
c.
the whole picture test
d.
the reasonableness test
ANSWER:
d
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Stop-and-Frisk Law
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.02 - Understand and appreciate that warrantless searches and seizures,
including Fourth Amendment stops and frisks, must satisfy the two requirements of the
reasonableness test: (1) the need to search/seize must outweigh the invasion of individual
liberty and privacy, and (2) there must be enough facts and circumstances to back up the
search/seizure.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 2:59 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
35. Which of the following circumstances provides the most support for an automatic frisk?
a.
possession of marijuana
b.
shoplifting
c.
armed robbery
d.
vagrancy
ANSWER:
c
POINTS:
1
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
Page 15
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.03 - Know that reasonable suspicion is the objective basis required to
back up Fourth Amendment stops and frisks.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:01 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
36. SCOTUS has created bright-line rules that expand police powers during traffic stops, in order to balance the increased
need of officer safety against individual Fourth Amendment rights.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Stops and Frisks at the Roadside
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.04 - Know that the Supreme Court views police work, especially during
traffic stops, as very dangerous and has created bright-line rules expanding police powers
during traffic stops in order to balance the increased need of officer safety against individual
Fourth Amendment rights.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:12 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
37. Routine detentions at international borders don’t require reasonable suspicion to back up lengthy detentions or frisks.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Detentions at International Borders
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.07 - Know and appreciate that routine detentions at international borders
do not require reasonable suspicion to back up lengthy detentions and frisks.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:14 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
38. Outer clothing pat-downs do not constitute Fourth Amendment searches.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Stop-and-Frisk Law
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.02 - Understand and appreciate that warrantless searches and seizures,
including Fourth Amendment stops and frisks, must satisfy the two requirements of the
reasonableness test: (1) the need to search/seize must outweigh the invasion of individual
liberty and privacy, and (2) there must be enough facts and circumstances to back up the
search/seizure.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:16 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
39. Voluntary contacts between citizens and police officers are seizures.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Chapter Introduction
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.01 - Understand that Fourth Amendment stops are seizures of persons
that allow officers to briefly freeze suspicious people and situations to investigate possible
criminal activity.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:17 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
40. Fourth Amendment stops are not warrantless seizures.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Stop-and-Frisk Law
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.02 - Understand and appreciate that warrantless searches and seizures,
including Fourth Amendment stops and frisks, must satisfy the two requirements of the
reasonableness test: (1) the need to search/seize must outweigh the invasion of individual
liberty and privacy, and (2) there must be enough facts and circumstances to back up the
search/seizure.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:18 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
41. Information received from anonymous informants is always considered equal in quality to that received from known
informants, in providing reasonable suspicion for a stop.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Fourth Amendment “Stops”
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.01 - Understand that Fourth Amendment stops are seizures of persons
that allow officers to briefly freeze suspicious people and situations to investigate possible
criminal activity.
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.02 - Understand and appreciate that warrantless searches and seizures,
including Fourth Amendment stops and frisks, must satisfy the two requirements of the
reasonableness test: (1) the need to search/seize must outweigh the invasion of individual
liberty and privacy, and (2) there must be enough facts and circumstances to back up the
search/seizure.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:20 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
42. Adams v. Williams (1972) upheld a stop and frisk on informant information that Adams was armed with a handgun in
his waistband.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Stop-and-Frisk Law After Terry v. Ohio
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.02 - Understand and appreciate that warrantless searches and seizures,
including Fourth Amendment stops and frisks, must satisfy the two requirements of the
reasonableness test: (1) the need to search/seize must outweigh the invasion of individual
liberty and privacy, and (2) there must be enough facts and circumstances to back up the
search/seizure.
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.03 - Know that reasonable suspicion is the objective basis required to
back up Fourth Amendment stops and frisks.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:21 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
43. Frisks are searches.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Stop-and-Frisk Law
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.03 - Know that reasonable suspicion is the objective basis required to
back up Fourth Amendment stops and frisks.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:22 AM
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
Page 18
44. Police officers can automatically frisk all citizens whom they stop.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Frisks and the Fourth Amendment
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.03 - Know that reasonable suspicion is the objective basis required to
back up Fourth Amendment stops and frisks.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:24 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
45. The purpose of a frisk is to protect officers or other people from death or injury.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Chapter Introduction
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.01 - Understand that Fourth Amendment stops are seizures of persons
that allow officers to briefly freeze suspicious people and situations to investigate possible
criminal activity.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:25 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
46. According to the SCOTUS opinion in Illinois v. Wardlow (2000), a person’s mere presence in a high crime area can
supply the objective basis needed for a stop.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Fourth Amendment “Stops”
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.03 - Know that reasonable suspicion is the objective basis required to
back up Fourth Amendment stops and frisks.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:34 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
47. A suspect’s race alone cannot constitute reasonable suspicion for police action.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Fourth Amendment “Stops”
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.03 - Know that reasonable suspicion is the objective basis required to
back up Fourth Amendment stops and frisks.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:35 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
48. An officer conducting a protective pat-down search can never seize any items other than weapons.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Stop-and-Frisk Law After Terry v. Ohio
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.02 - Understand and appreciate that warrantless searches and seizures,
including Fourth Amendment stops and frisks, must satisfy the two requirements of the
reasonableness test: (1) the need to search/seize must outweigh the invasion of individual
liberty and privacy, and (2) there must be enough facts and circumstances to back up the
search/seizure.
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.03 - Know that reasonable suspicion is the objective basis required to
back up Fourth Amendment stops and frisks.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:36 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
49. SCOTUS has held that fitting a drug-courier profile is itself enough to furnish reasonable suspicion.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Fourth Amendment “Stops”
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.03 - Know that reasonable suspicion is the objective basis required to
back up Fourth Amendment stops and frisks.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:37 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
50. Reasonable suspicion can never be based on hearsay information.
a.
True
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
Page 20
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Fourth Amendment “Stops”
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.03 - Know that reasonable suspicion is the objective basis required to
back up Fourth Amendment stops and frisks.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:39 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
51. In practice, the vast majority of searches and seizures are performed without _______________.
ANSWER:
warrants
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Stop-and-Frisk Law
QUESTION TYPE:
Completion
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.01 - Understand that Fourth Amendment stops are seizures of persons
that allow officers to briefly freeze suspicious people and situations to investigate possible
criminal activity.
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.02 - Understand and appreciate that warrantless searches and seizures,
including Fourth Amendment stops and frisks, must satisfy the two requirements of the
reasonableness test: (1) the need to search/seize must outweigh the invasion of individual
liberty and privacy, and (2) there must be enough facts and circumstances to back up the
search/seizure.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:41 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
52. A brief detention that enables law enforcement officers to freeze a situation for the purpose of investigating suspicious
persons is a(n) _______________.
ANSWER:
stop
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Chapter Introduction
QUESTION TYPE:
Completion
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.01 - Understand that Fourth Amendment stops are seizures of persons
that allow officers to briefly freeze suspicious people and situations to investigate possible
criminal activity.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:42 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
53. The _______________ _______________–_______________ _______________ exception states that facts backing
up a stop don’t automatically justify a frisk, except when suspects are stopped for crimes of violence.
ANSWER:
violent crime–automatic frisk
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Frisks and the Fourth Amendment
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
Page 21
QUESTION TYPE:
Completion
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.02 - Understand and appreciate that warrantless searches and seizures,
including Fourth Amendment stops and frisks, must satisfy the two requirements of the
reasonableness test: (1) the need to search/seize must outweigh the invasion of individual
liberty and privacy, and (2) there must be enough facts and circumstances to back up the
search/seizure.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:43 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
54. The objective basis required for making a lawful stop is _______________ _______________.
ANSWER:
reasonable suspicion
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Stop-and-Frisk Law
QUESTION TYPE:
Completion
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.01 - Understand that Fourth Amendment stops are seizures of persons
that allow officers to briefly freeze suspicious people and situations to investigate possible
criminal activity.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:44 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
55. Barricades set up for stopping vehicles and questioning the occupants are known as _______________.
ANSWER:
roadblocks
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Stops and Frisks at the Roadside
QUESTION TYPE:
Completion
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.01 - Understand that Fourth Amendment stops are seizures of persons
that allow officers to briefly freeze suspicious people and situations to investigate possible
criminal activity.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:46 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
56. The patting down of a suspect’s outer clothing to check for weapons is the type of search called a _______________.
ANSWER:
frisk
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Chapter Introduction
QUESTION TYPE:
Completion
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.01 - Understand that Fourth Amendment stops are seizures of persons
that allow officers to briefly freeze suspicious people and situations to investigate possible
criminal activity.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
Page 22
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:46 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
57. The two elements to the scope of a reasonable stop are on-the-spot location of the investigation and _______________
_______________.
ANSWER:
short duration
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Fourth Amendment “Stops”
QUESTION TYPE:
Completion
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.01 - Understand that Fourth Amendment stops are seizures of persons
that allow officers to briefly freeze suspicious people and situations to investigate possible
criminal activity.
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.02 - Understand and appreciate that warrantless searches and seizures,
including Fourth Amendment stops and frisks, must satisfy the two requirements of the
reasonableness test: (1) the need to search/seize must outweigh the invasion of individual
liberty and privacy, and (2) there must be enough facts and circumstances to back up the
search/seizure.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:48 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
58. Facts that police learn not from their observation but from what other people tell them are called _______________
_______________.
ANSWER:
hearsay information
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Fourth Amendment “Stops”
QUESTION TYPE:
Completion
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.03 - Know that reasonable suspicion is the objective basis required to
back up Fourth Amendment stops and frisks.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:49 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
59. Another name for the totality-of-circumstances test is the _______________ _______________ test.
ANSWER:
whole picture
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Fourth Amendment “Stops”
QUESTION TYPE:
Completion
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.03 - Know that reasonable suspicion is the objective basis required to
back up Fourth Amendment stops and frisks.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:50 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
60. The method of analysis that considers the Fourth Amendment’s two clauses as being separate and addressing different
problems is the _______________ _______________ _______________ approach.
ANSWER:
reasonableness Fourth Amendment
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Stop-and-Frisk Law
QUESTION TYPE:
Completion
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.02 - Understand and appreciate that warrantless searches and seizures,
including Fourth Amendment stops and frisks, must satisfy the two requirements of the
reasonableness test: (1) the need to search/seize must outweigh the invasion of individual
liberty and privacy, and (2) there must be enough facts and circumstances to back up the
search/seizure.
KEYWORDS:
Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 3:51 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
61. Identify the three possible alternatives for applying the Fourth Amendment to stops and frisks, and explain why
SCOTUS adopted alternative three.
ANSWER:
There are three possible interpretations of the Fourth Amendment that could be applied to
stops and frisks. Under the first interpretation, the Fourth Amendment would only apply to
full searches and arrests. Therefore, officers’ actions in other situations, including stops and
frisks, would be totally left to their discretion.
The second possible interpretation takes the exact opposite view. Under this interpretation,
even brief stops are arrests, and a pat-down or a frisk is a search. Since the Fourth
Amendment requires that these be supported by probable cause, the police can’t do anything
as far as stopping and frisking a person, unless probable cause exists.
Finally, the third interpretation admits that stops and frisks are searches and seizures, thus
subject to the Fourth Amendment. However, a stop and frisk would be viewed as a minor
search or seizure, far less intrusive than an arrest or a full-blown search. Thus, officers still
have to justify making a stop and frisk with facts, but since the intrusion is lesser, fewer facts
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 4:54 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 12:19 PM
62. Does unprovoked flight plus a high-crime area equal reasonable suspicion? Explain your response.
ANSWER:
Unprovoked flight from police officers in a high-crime area can amount to reasonable
suspicion, according to the SCOTUS decision in Illinois v. Wardlow (2000). A person’s
presence in a high-crime area in and of itself is not enough to support reasonable suspicion.
However, police can take into account the relevant characteristics of a location in
determining whether circumstances warrant further investigation.
Likewise, courts have recognized that nervous, evasive behavior is relevant in determining
whether reasonable suspicion exists. Illinois v. Wardlow declared that headlong flight is the
ultimate act of evasion. The Court conceded that flight may not necessarily indicate that a
person is engaged in wrongdoing, but it is certainly suggestive of such. Conduct justifying a
stop can be ambiguous and possibly susceptible to an innocent explanation.
Illinois v. Wardlow
declared that Terry v. Ohio
(1968)
accepted a risk: allowing a stop based on reasonable suspicion will mean that police officers
may sometimes stop innocent behavior. Likewise, not all persons arrested on probable cause
turn out to have committed a crime. The Fourth Amendment does not require absolute
certainty, only a sufficient level of justification for the governmental action required.
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Fourth Amendment “Stops”
QUESTION TYPE:
Essay
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.03 - Know that reasonable suspicion is the objective basis required to
back up Fourth Amendment stops and frisks.
KEYWORDS:
Apply
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 4:56 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
63. Does an anonymous tip amount to reasonable suspicion? Explain.
ANSWER:
An anonymous tip can provide reasonable suspicion. However, it will not automatically
provide reasonable suspicion. In one case, Alabama v. White, police received an anonymous
tip claiming that a person would leave a particular apartment carrying cocaine, get into a
certain car, and drive to a certain location. If the police acted on the tip alone, this would not
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.03 - Know that reasonable suspicion is the objective basis required to
back up Fourth Amendment stops and frisks.
KEYWORDS:
Apply
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 4:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
64. Explain the reason for reduced individual Fourth Amendment protections at international borders.
ANSWER:
The strong government interest in controlling who and what enters the United States is
balanced against the significant reductions of individual Fourth Amendment rights at
international borders. Routine detentions at international airports, seaports, and the Canadian
and Mexican land borders do not require reasonable suspicion to back up lengthy detentions
and frisks, including examining purses, wallets, pockets, and even up-close dog sniffs.
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Detentions at International Borders
QUESTION TYPE:
Essay
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.07 - Know and appreciate that routine detentions at international borders
do not require reasonable suspicion to back up lengthy detentions and frisks.
KEYWORDS:
Apply
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 4:59 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
65. Why is it reasonable to remove a passenger from a stopped vehicle when there is no suspicion that the passenger may
be involved in a crime?
ANSWER:
It is reasonable for police to remove a passenger from a stopped vehicle, even when there is
no suspicion that the passenger may be involved in a crime. The police can do this for their
own safety. SCOTUS has found that talking to a driver while an officer is exposed to traffic
puts the officer in danger. Removing the driver from a car is but a trivial invasion, because
the driver has already been stopped. Balancing the possible danger to an officer against the
trivial invasion of removing a driver from the car, the Court believed a request by the police
for drivers to step out of their cars is reasonable. In applying the same balance to passengers
that had been applied to drivers, the Court found that a request for a passenger in a stopped
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
Page 26
QUESTION TYPE:
Essay
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CRPR.SAMA.18.04.04 - Know that the Supreme Court views police work, especially during
traffic stops, as very dangerous and has created bright-line rules expanding police powers
during traffic stops in order to balance the increased need of officer safety against individual
Fourth Amendment rights.
KEYWORDS:
Apply
DATE CREATED:
1/4/2017 5:01 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/6/2017 6:01 AM
