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Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
1. For Thomas Aquinas all laws created by humans are derived from natural law.
a. True
b. False
2. The natural state of human liberty is a state of license according to Locke.
a. True
b. False
3. The idea that we know what the basic moral law requires by looking to human nature is a tenet of natural law theory.
a. True
b. False
4. Existentialists like Sartre believe that essence precedes existence.
a. True
b. False
5. For Locke every person has a distinct right to punish those who transgress the natural law.
a. True
b. False
6. Locke argued all humans should be treated equally because we all have the same basic nature.
a. True
b. False
7. One problem for natural rights theory is that not everyone agrees on what human nature requires.
a. True
b. False
8. The idea that the basic moral law can be known by human reason is a fundamental tenet of natural law theory.
a. True
b. False
9. “Laws of nature” always refer to a natural law theory of ethics.
a. True
b. False
10. According to Thomas Aquinas, reason naturally inclines human beings to be good.
a. True
b. False
11. According to natural rights theory, moral requirements cannot be grounded in human nature.
a. True
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b. False
12. Evolutionary theory may present a challenge to natural law theory.
a. True
b. False
13. Civil law is prescriptive and as such tells us how we ought to behave.
a. True
b. False
14. Aristotle was the first philosopher to develop a complex ethical philosophy related to the ideas of natural law theory.
a. True
b. False
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
15. Which of the following philosophers does NOT agree that there is such a thing as human nature?
a. St. Augustine.
b. Locke.
c. Sartre.
d. Aristotle.
16. The Declaration of Independence draws on the theory of
a. Plato.
b. Locke.
c. Aristotle.
d. Hobbes.
Indicate one or more answer choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
17. According to Thomas Aquinas (in your reading from the text), “Good has the nature of _____________, while evil has
a contrary nature.”
a. an end
b. a means
c. scientific truth
d. indeterminacy
18. Which of the following is another word for telos.
a. nature
b. essence
c. goal
d. human
19. The key moral principle for the Stoics was to
a. seek just, love mercy, and to walk humbly with God.
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b. create the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest number.
c. “know thyself.”
d. “follow nature.”
20. According to your text, which of the following is NOT a view that Aquinas and Aristotle shared in common?
a. That the moral good consists in innate tendencies of our nature.
b. That human nature is radically evil.
c. That humans are biological beings.
d. That humans are sentient animals.
21. How does the idea of natural law contribute to the idea of natural rights?
a. Natural law supposedly tells us what allows human beings to flourish.
b. The idea of a natural law makes people happy.
c. There is no connection between natural law and natural rights.
d. The right to life is natural.
22. According to Cicero, which of the following is true?
a. The natural law is relative to culture.
b. Natural law is an evolving phenomenon.
c. The natural law is timeless.
d. There is no such thing as a natural law.
23. Is it possible to be both an egoist and, at the same time, accept the natural law view of ethics? Explain.
24. Is it possible to be both a relativist and, at the same time, accept the natural law view of ethics? Explain.
25. Explain what “teleological” means and how it relates to natural law theory.
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Answer Key
1. False
2. False
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