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Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
1. The Human Genome Project was designed to alter and perfect the human genetic code.
a. True
b. False
2. Some opponents of stem cell research argue that the early undifferentiated cells of the blastocyst have the full moral
status of a person, and thus cannot be used in medical research.
a. True
b. False
3. One of the central issues in the debate over embryonic stem cell research is the moral status of the human blastocyst, a
fertilized ball of cells that is smaller than a grain of sand.
a. True
b. False
4. According to the Human Genome Project, human beings’ genes are 99.9% identical, regardless of race or sex.
a. True
b. False
5. The “yuck factor” argument against human cloning holds that we ought to trust our gut reactions to certain procedures
as indicative of their moral nature.
a. True
b. False
6. In most cases, GMOs are an example of an enhancement technology.
a. True
b. False
7. Embryonic stem cells are called omnipotent, because they can develop into many different kinds of tissue.
a. True
b. False
8. All successful cloning produces a genetically identical reproduction of a full animal or plant.
a. True
b. False
9. In most cases, prosthetic limbs are an example of an enhancement technology.
a. True
b. False
10. Mammals have never been cloned.
a. True
b. False
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Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
11. The argument that human personhood begins at conception and, therefore, human embryos should not be used for
scientific research is founded in
a. Categorical imperative.
b. Utilitarianism.
c. Natural law.
d. Virtue ethics.
12. A common ethical objection to human reproductive cloning is
a. It is a production rather than a creation.
b. It violates the human’s rights to an open future
c. All of these choices.
d. It is comparable to “playing God.”
13. How has nearly all the food we eat been “genetically modified” in the broadest sense of the term?
a. It has been cross-bred for centuries.
b. It has been made drought-resistant.
c. It has been made sterile.
d. It has been infused with “edible vaccines.”
14. The Human Genome Project was completed in:
a. 1995.
b. It is not yet finished.
c. 2000.
d. 2013.
15. Stem cells are
a. Monopotent.
b. Pluripotent.
c. Omnipotent.
d. Bipotent.
16. According to your text, of the 20,000 human genes, how many are unique to humans and not found in other animals?
a. 300
b. 18,000
c. 10,000
d. 1,000
17. The “playing God” argument against cloning
a. Is religious in nature.
b. Is the same as the “yuck factor” argument.
c. Is built on teachings in the Christian Bible.
d. Is not necessarily a religious argument.
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Indicate one or more answer choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
18. Which moral approach best represents the precautionary principle?
a. Natural law ethics
b. Utilitarianism
c. Kant’s categorical imperative
d. Care ethics
19. The idea of the “wisdom of repugnance” is a form of
a. intuitionism.
b. willful ignorance.
c. divine command theory.
d. mysticism.
20. According to Kass, “yuck factor” arguments are grounded in
a. a wisdom of repugnance.
b. hyper-sensitivity.
c. care ethics.
d. a false naturalism.
21. The process of activating, replacing, or changing malfunctioning genes before a baby is born would be an example of
a. reproductive cloning.
b. genetic enhancement.
c. in vitro fertilization.
d. gene therapy.
22. Which moral approach is the “playing God” objection based upon?
a. Natural law ethics
b. Utilitarianism
c. Kant’s categorical imperative
d. Care ethics
23. Explain the relationships between ethical issues related to cloning, and ethical issues related to abortion. In your
discussion, be sure to explain the difference between therapeutic cloning and reproductive cloning. Do the relevant ethical
issues apply to both types of cloning?
24. Explain the difference between therapeutic technologies and enhancement technologies. What are some conceptual
criticisms made of this distinction? What are some ways that the distinction is claimed to be ethically relevant?
25. What is the difference between genetic screening and gene therapy? Present a consequentialist argument in favor of
either genetic screening or gene therapy. Then, present a nonconsequentialist argument against either genetic screening or
gene therapy.
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Answer Key
1. False
2. True
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