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Chapter 10 Test B
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1. When we say that throwing a wine glass against a brick wall causes it to break, we mean ’cause’ in the sense of a:
a. Necessary but not a sufficient condition.
b. Necessary and a sufficient condition.
c. Relative and an absolute condition.
d. Relative but not an absolute condition.
e. Sufficient but not a necessary condition.
2. When we say that an electric current flowing through the filament of a light bulb causes the bulb to produce light, we
mean ’cause’ in the sense of a:
a. Relative and an absolute condition.
b. Necessary and a sufficient condition.
c. Sufficient but not a necessary condition.
d. Relative but not an absolute condition.
e. Necessary but not a sufficient condition.
3. When we say that water droplets in the atmosphere cause a rainbow to appear, we mean ’cause’ in the sense of a:
a. Necessary but not a sufficient condition.
b. Necessary and a sufficient condition.
c. Sufficient but not a necessary condition.
d. Relative but not an absolute condition.
e. Relative and an absolute condition.
Table 1B
Given the following table:
Possible Conditions
Occurrence A B C D E F Phenomenon
1 * – * – * * *
2 * * – * – * –
3 – * * – * * *
4 – * – * * – *
5 * – * – – * –
6 – * * * – – –
4. What cause is suggested by the information in Table 1B?
a. D is a sufficient but not a necessary condition for the phenomenon.
b. A is a sufficient and necessary condition for the phenomenon.
c. F is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for the phenomenon.
d. E is a sufficient and necessary condition for the phenomenon.
e. A is a sufficient and necessary condition for the phenomenon.
5. What method was used to determine the cause suggested by Table 1B?
a. The method of agreement.
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Chapter 10 Test B
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b. The joint method of agreement and difference.
c. The method of difference.
d. The method of concomitant variation.
e. The method of residues.
Table 2B
Given the following table:
Possible Conditions
Occurrence A B C D E F Phenomenon
1 * * * * – * *
2 * * – – * – *
3 – * * * – * –
4 * – * – * * –
5 – * * * – * *
6 * – – * – – –
6. What cause is suggested by the information in Table 2B?
a. C is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for the phenomenon.
b. A is a sufficient but not a necessary condition for the phenomenon.
c. B is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for the phenomenon.
d. D is a sufficient but not a necessary condition for the phenomenon.
e. F is a sufficient and necessary condition for the phenomenon.
Table 3B
Given the following table:
Possible Conditions
Occurrence A B C D E F Phenomenon
1 * * * * – * *
2 – * * * * – *
3 – * * * * * *
4 * * – * * * *
5 * – * * * – *
6 * * – * * * *
7. What cause is suggested by the information in Table 3B?
a. B is a sufficient condition for the phenomenon.
b. E is a necessary condition for the phenomenon.
c. D is a sufficient condition for the phenomenon.
d. D is a necessary and sufficient condition for the phenomenon.
e. D is a necessary condition for the phenomenon.
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8. What method was used to determine the cause suggested by Table 3B?
a. The method of agreement.
b. The method of residues.
c. The method of difference.
d. The joint method of agreement and difference.
e. The method of concomitant variation.
Table 4B
Given the following table:
Possible Conditions
Occurrence A B C D E F Phenomenon
1 * * * * * * *
2 * * – * * * –
9. What cause is suggested by the information in Table 4B?
a. B is a sufficient condition for the phenomenon.
b. C is a sufficient condition for the phenomenon.
c. C is a necessary condition for the phenomenon.
d. C is a necessary and sufficient condition for the phenomenon.
e. B is a necessary condition for the phenomenon.
10. What method was used to determine the cause suggested by Table 4B?
a. The method of residues.
b. The method of concomitant variation.
c. The method of agreement.
d. The method of difference.
e. The joint method of agreement and difference.
Table 5B
Given the following table:
Possible Conditions
Occurrence A B C D E F Phenomenon
1 * – – * * – –
2 * * * * – * *
3 – * * – * * *
4 * – – – – * –
5 * * – * * – *
6 – * * – * * –
11. What cause is suggested by the information in Table 5B?
a. F is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for the phenomenon.
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b. C is a sufficient but not a necessary condition for the phenomenon.
c. B is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for the phenomenon.
d. B is a sufficient but not a necessary condition for the phenomenon.
e. C is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for the phenomenon.
12. Suppose that a sales consulting firm notices a correlation between the sale of house paint and number of home sales in
an area. As the number of home sales increases, the sale of house paint increases, and vice versa. The consulting firm
concludes that buying a home causes the new owners to purchase house paint. What method did the consulting firm use in
drawing this conclusion?
a. The method of concomitant variation.
b. The method of agreement.
c. The method of difference.
d. The method of residues.
e. The joint method of agreement and difference.
13. Suppose that an accountant for a bank notices a 5 percent reduction in profits for a certain quarter of operations. The
accountant identifies four sources of increased costs that might account for this: increased salaries for some of the
employees, increased utility costs, new computers for one of the departments, and increased real estate taxes. After further
study, the accountant finds that each of these is responsible for a 1 percent reduction in profits, which adds up to a total of
4 percent. Unable to account for the final 1 percent loss, the accountant attributes it to embezzlement by one of the
employees. What method did the accountant use in drawing this conclusion?
a. The method of agreement.
b. The joint method of agreement and difference.
c. The method of difference.
d. The method of residues.
e. The method of concomitant variation.
14. The experiment described in your textbook involving the effect of a possible carcinogen on 100 mice is most closely
related to which of Mill’s methods?
a. The method of concomitant variation.
b. The joint method of agreement and difference.
c. The method of difference.
d. The method of agreement.
e. The method of residues.
15. The retrospective study described in your textbook in which a nutritionist attempted to determine the effect of several
vitamins and minerals on atherosclerosis is closely related to which of Mill’s methods?
a. The method of difference.
b. The method of residues.
c. The method of concomitant variation.
d. The method of agreement.
e. The joint method of agreement and difference.
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Chapter 10 Test B
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