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Categorical Proposition 1H
Given the categorical proposition:
“All urns that are not made of marble are articles that are currently on sale.”
1. In Categorical Proposition 1H, the subject term is:
a. Articles.
b. Urns that are not made of marble.
c. Articles that are currently on sale.
d. Urns.
e. Made of marble.
2. In Categorical Proposition 1H, the predicate term is:
a. Articles that are currently on sale.
b. Articles.
c. Urns that are not made of marble.
d. Currently on sale.
e. Made of marble.
3. In Categorical Proposition 1H, the copula is:
a. Are not.
b. Made.
c. Are.
d. All.
e. Not.
4. In Categorical Proposition 1H, the quantity is:
a. Particular.
b. Negative.
c. Affirmative.
d. Universal.
e. All.
5. In Categorical Proposition 1H, the quality is:
a. Negative.
b. Are.
c. Affirmative.
d. Universal.
e. Particular.
INSTRUCTIONS: Select the correct answer for each multiple choice question.
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6. In the categorical proposition “Some body scans that are not invasive are acceptable measures in airports that are not
targets of terrorists”:
a. The subject term is distributed and the predicate term is undistributed.
b. The subject term is undistributed and the predicate term is distributed.
c. The subject term is universal and the predicate term is particular.
d. Both the subject term and the predicate term are distributed.
e. Both the subject term and the predicate term are undistributed.
7. The categorical proposition “No power plants that are coal burners are facilities that fail to impact the environment”:
a. E-type.
b. U-type.
c. I-type.
d. O-type.
e. A-type.
8. Given the categorical proposition “Some allergies are not mortal afflictions.” If the quality but not the quantity is
changed, the resulting proposition is:
a. No allergies are mortal afflictions.
b. No allergies are not mortal afflictions.
c. All allergies are mortal afflictions.
d. Some allergies are mortal afflictions.
e. All allergies are not mortal afflictions.
9. Given the categorical proposition “All smugglers are shady characters.” If the quantity but not the quality is changed,
the resulting proposition is:
a. No smugglers are not shady characters.
b. Some smugglers are not shady characters.
c. All smugglers are not shady characters.
d. No smugglers are shady characters.
e. Some smugglers are shady characters.
10. Given the categorical proposition “Some fathers are responsible parents.” If both the quality and the quantity are
changed, the resulting proposition is:
a. All fathers are responsible parents.
b. Some fathers are irresponsible parents.
c. No fathers are responsible parents.
d. No fathers are not irresponsible parents.
e. Some fathers are not responsible parents.
INSTRUCTIONS: In each problem below you are given a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and an
operation/relation to be performed on that statement. You must identify the new statement and the truth value of the new
statement. Adopt the Aristotelian standpoint and assume that ‘A’ and ‘B’ denote things that actually exist.
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11. No A are non–B. (T) Subalternation
a. Some A are non-B. (Und.)
b. Some A are not non-B. (T)
c. Some A are not B. (T)
d. No non-B are A. (T)
e. Some A are not non-B. (F)
12. Some non-A are not B. (F) Contraposition
a. Some B are not A. (F)
b. Some B are not non-A. (T)
c. Some non-B are non–A. (F)
d. Some A are not non-B. (T)
e. Some non-B are not A. (F)
13. Some non-A are B. (F) Contradiction
a. No non-A are B. (T)
b. All non-A are not B. (F)
c. Some non-B are A. (Und.)
d. Some non-A are not B. (F)
e. No A are non–B. (F)
14. All A are non–B. (F) Contrary
a. No A are non–B. (Und.)
b. Some A are not B. (T)
c. No A are non–B. (T)
d. No non-B are A. (F)
e. No A are B. (Und.)
15. No A are non–B. (T) Obversion
a. No non-B are A. (T)
b. No A are B. (F)
c. All non-A are B. (T)
d. All A are B. (T)
e. All non-A are non–B. (F)
16. Some non-A are not B. (F) Subcontrary
a. No non-A are B. (F)
b. Some non-A are B. (T)
c. Some A are B. (T)
d. Some A are B. (Und.)
e. Some non-A are B. (Und.)
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17. All A are non–B. (F) Conversion
a. All B are non–A. (Und.)
b. All non-A are B. (F)
c. All non-B are A. (Und.)
d. No A are B. (F)
e. No A are non–B. (Und.)
INSTRUCTIONS: In each problem below you are given a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and a new statement.
You must determine how the new statement is related to the given statement and determine the truth value of the new
statement. Adopt the Aristotelian standpoint and assume that ‘A’ and ‘B’ denote things that actually exist.
18. All A are non–B. (F) No A are B.
a. Contrary. (Und.)
b. Obversion. (F)
c. Conversion. (Und.)
d. Subalternation. (T)
e. Contradictory. (T)
19. No A are B. (T) All A are B.
a. Contrary. (F)
b. Contradictory. (F)
c. Obversion. (T)
d. Conversion. (T)
e. Subcontrary. (Und.)
20. Some A are non–B. (T) All A are non–B.
a. Subalternation. (T)
b. Subcontrary. (Und.)
c. Contraposition. (Und.)
d. Subalternation. (Und.)
e. Contradictory. (F)
21. Some A are non–B. (T) Some non-B are A.
a. Contraposition. (T)
b. Subcontrary. (Und.)
c. Contraposition. (Und.)
d. Obversion. (T)
e. Conversion. (T)
22. No non-A are non–B. (F) No B are A.
a. Contraposition. (Und.)
b. Conversion. (Und.)
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c. Conversion. (F)
d. Contrary. (Und.)
e. Contraposition. (F)
23. No A are B. (T) Some A are B.
a. Contraposition. (Und.)
b. Subalternation. (T)
c. Conversion. (T)
d. Contrary. (F)
e. Contradiction. (F)
24. Some non-A are not B. (T) Some non-A are B.
a. Contradiction. (F)
b. Conversion. (Und.)
c. Subcontrary. (Und.)
d. Contraposition. (T)
e. Obversion. (T)
INSTRUCTIONS: Select the answer that best characterizes each immediate inference. Adopt the Aristotelian standpoint
for these problems.
25. No ballerinas are awkward dancers. Therefore, it is false that all ballerinas are awkward dancers.
a. Invalid, illicit conversion.
b. Invalid, illicit contrary.
c. Invalid, illicit subalternation.
d. Valid, no fallacy.
e. Invalid, existential fallacy.
26. It is false that some gothic cathedrals are not rich legacies. Therefore, some gothic cathedrals are rich legacies.
a. Invalid, illicit conversion.
b. Invalid, illicit subcontrary.
c. Valid, no fallacy.
d. Invalid, illicit subalternation.
e. Invalid, existential fallacy.
27. Some friendly gnomes are creatures that live below ground. Therefore, some creatures that live above ground are
unfriendly gnomes.
a. Invalid, illicit conversion.
b. Invalid, illicit contraposition.
c. Invalid, existential fallacy.
d. Invalid, illicit subcontrary.
e. Valid, no fallacy.
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28. Some gold watches are retirement gifts. Therefore, it is false that no gold watches are retirement gifts.
a. Invalid, illicit contrary.
b. Valid, no fallacy.
c. Invalid, illicit subcontrary.
d. Invalid, Illicit subalternation.
e. Invalid, illicit conversion.
29. It is false that all cowboys are romantic icons. Therefore, no cowboys are romantic icons.
a. Valid, no fallacy.
b. Invalid, illicit subalternation.
c. Invalid, illicit contrary.
d. Invalid, illicit conversion.
e. Invalid, existential fallacy.
30. Some flying horses are dependable steeds. Therefore, some dependable steeds are flying horses.
a. Invalid, existential fallacy.
b. Invalid, illicit conversion.
c. Invalid, illicit contrary.
d. Valid, no fallacy.
e. Invalid, illicit obversion.
31. It is false that no sunsets are glorious scenes. Therefore, it is false that some sunsets are not glorious scenes.
a. Invalid, illicit subalternation.
b. Invalid, illicit contraposition.
c. Valid, no fallacy.
d. Invalid, illicit subcontrary.
e. Invalid, illicit conversion.
32. It is false that some two-hundred pound mice are warthogs. Therefore, it is false that all two-hundred pound mice are
warthogs.
a. Invalid, illicit conversion.
b. Invalid, illicit subalternation.
c. Invalid, illicit subcontrary.
d. Valid, no fallacy.
e. Invalid, existential fallacy.
33. Some poets are sensitive souls. Therefore, some poets are not insensitive souls.
a. Invalid, illicit contraposition.
b. Invalid, illicit subcontrary.
c. Invalid, illicit subalternation.
d. Valid, no fallacy.
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e. Invalid, illicit conversion.
34. All pizzas are high calorie meals. Therefore, some pizzas are high calorie meals.
a. Invalid, existential fallacy.
b. Valid, no fallacy.
c. Invalid, illicit contrary.
d. Invalid, illicit subalternation.
e. Invalid, illicit subcontrary.
35. All charitable contributions are tax-deductible gifts. Therefore, all tax-deductible gifts are charitable contributions.
a. Invalid, illicit contrary.
b. Valid, no fallacy.
c. Invalid, illicit conversion.
d. Invalid, illicit obversion.
e. Invalid, existential fallacy.
36. Some pacific islands are tropical gardens. Therefore, some pacific islands are not tropical gardens.
a. Invalid, illicit contraposition.
b. Invalid, illicit subalternation.
c. Valid, no fallacy.
d. Invalid, illicit subcontrary.
e. Invalid, illicit contrary.
37. No griffins are flightless predators. Therefore, all griffins are flying predators.
a. Valid, no fallacy.
b. Invalid, illicit contrary.
c. Invalid, illicit subalternation.
d. Invalid, illicit contraposition.
e. Invalid, existential fallacy.
INSTRUCTIONS: Fill in the Venn diagram for each statement.
38. Some S are P. (Boolean standpoint)
After filling in the Venn diagram,
a. There is an X in Area 3.
b. Area 1 is shaded, and there is an X in Area 2.
c. There is a circled X in Area 2.
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d. There is an X in Area 2, and there are no other marks.
e. There is an X in Area 1, and there are no other marks.
39. All S are P. (Aristotelian standpoint)
After filling in the Venn diagram,
a. Area 2 is shaded, and there are no other marks.
b. Area 3 is shaded, and there is a circled X in Area 2.
c. Area 2 is shaded, and there is a circled X in Area 1.
d. There is an X in Area 2, and there are no other marks.
e. Area 1 is shaded, and there is a circled X in Area 2.
40. No S are P. (Boolean standpoint.)
After filling in the Venn diagram,
a. Area 2 is shaded, and there is a circled X in Area 1.
b. Area 2 is shaded, and there is an X in Area 1.
c. Area 2 is shaded, and there are no other marks.
d. Area 1 is shaded, and there are no other marks.
e. Area 2 is shaded, and there is an X in Area 3.
INSTRUCTIONS: Select the best translation for each categorical proposition.
41. A few heroes are not recognized.
a. Some heroes are recognized persons, and some heroes are not recognized persons.
b. Some heroes are not recognized persons.
c. Some heroes are recognized persons.
d. Some recognized persons are not heroes.
e. Some heroes are not recognized.
42. Not all birds can fly.
a. Some birds are not animals that can fly.
b. All birds are not animals that can fly.
c. Some birds are animals that can fly.
d. Some birds cannot fly.
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e. Some animals that can fly are not birds.
43. Only astronomers are allowed in the observatory.
a. Some astronomers are persons allowed in the observatory.
b. Some persons allowed in the observatory are astronomers.
c. All astronomers are persons allowed in the observatory.
d. No astronomers are persons not allowed in the observatory.
e. All persons allowed in the observatory are astronomers.
44. All the musicians except the violinists are practicing.
a. All violinists are musicians who are practicing and no non-violinists are musicians who are practicing.
b. Some violinists are practicing and some violinists are not practicing.
c. No violinists are musicians who are practicing.
d. No violinists are musicians who are practicing and all musicians who are not violinists are musicians who are
practicing.
e. All non-violinists are musicians who are practicing.
45. The only flowers she grows are daisies.
a. All things identical to daisies grown by her are flowers.
b. All flowers she grows are daisies.
c. All daisies she grows are flowers.
d. Some flowers she grows are daisies.
e. No flowers not grown by her are daisies.
46. Vienna is not in Hungary.
a. No cities identical to Vienna are cities in Hungary.
b. All cities identical to Vienna are not cities in Hungary.
c. Vienna is not a city in Hungary.
d. All countries identical to Hungary are not countries that contain Vienna.
e. Some cities identical to Vienna are not cities in Hungary.
47. There is a hotel in the village.
a. Some hotels are things in the village, and some hotels are not things in the village.
b. Some hotels are things in the village.
c. Some hotels are not things in the village.
d. All hotels are things in the village.
e. No hotels are not things in the village.
48. She buys whatever catches her eye.
a. All things that do not catch her eye are things she does not buy.
b. Some things she buys are things that catch her eye.
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c. All things she buys are things that catch her eye.
d. No things that do not catch her eye are things she buys.
e. All things that catch her eye are things she buys.
49. A dog barked.
a. Some dogs are not animals that barked.
b. Some dogs barked, and some dogs did not bark.
c. All dogs are animals that barked.
d. Some dogs are animals that barked.
e. Some animals identical to a dog are animals that barked.
50. Meerkats are not lizards.
a. No things identical to a meerkat are things identical to lizards.
b. All meerkats are not lizards.
c. No meerkats are lizards.
d. All lizards are not meerkats.
e. No meerkats are things that are not lizards.