Name:
Class:
Date:
chapter 14
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
Page 1
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
1. Forgetfulness, moodiness, and reduced interest in personal or professional relationships are all signs of too much stress
in a person’s life.
a. True
b. False
2. Mental illness affects the majority of the U.S. population.
a. True
b. False
3. While exercise can help reduce the effects of stress, it does nothing to increase a person’s ability to handle stress.
a. True
b. False
4. Stress-management techniques are not relevant if stress is not currently a problem.
a. True
b. False
5. While it is usually impossible to eliminate stress-causing factors, a person can learn to manage his or her reactions to
them to minimize their negative impact.
a. True
b. False
6. The use of humor is an effective stress reducing strategy.
a. True
b. False
7. Someone with excellent technical skills is certain to become a good supervisor upon promotion.
a. True
b. False
8. During rumination, people are able to reflect on their challenges so that they then feel emotionally energized to
overcome them.
a. True
b. False
9. An effective technique for avoiding burnout is to be realistic about how much work you can complete each day and
decline optional projects that would make your workload unmanageable.
a. True
b. False
10. Mindfulness helps minimize stress because it forces you to focus on the moment in a nonjudgmental way rather than
worry about stressful things.
a. True
Name:
Class:
Date:
chapter 14
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
Page 2
b. False
11. People can decrease their stress level by being kind.
a. True
b. False
12. Stress can mobilize our energy for coping with challenges.
a. True
b. False
13. Surrendering to change requires a great deal of emotional energy, which may cause more stress.
a. True
b. False
14. Solitude is a form of isolation and is not a good practice for stress reduction.
a. True
b. False
15. Reduced productivity related to frequent distractions and interruptions during the work day is a sign of multitasking
stress.
a. True
b. False
16. Wei is trying to complete her project by the deadline. At her desk, she hears the muffled but persistent noises of
jackhammering on the street. Inside, her smartphone ringtone loudly pierces her concentration. The ringtone is likely to be
more stressful to Wei than the jackhammering.
a. True
b. False
17. Work environment stressors can be lessened by putting up family pictures or adding a plant or objects that put you in a
good mood.
a. True
b. False
18. Regular meditation has not been scientifically shown to affect the brain in any tangible or long-lasting way, but
practitioners such as Tony Robbins consider it essential for their success.
a. True
b. False
19. Steve has had trouble sleeping lately and feels fatigued. Making sound decisions is nearly impossible due to his poor
memory and concentration. He is exhibiting physical and emotional symptoms of stress.
a. True
b. False
Name:
Class:
Date:
chapter 14
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
Page 3
20. Developing a sleep ritual such as going to bed and getting up at the same time as well as avoiding alcohol, caffeine,
chocolate, and nicotine near bedtime will help with negative stress.
a. True
b. False
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
21. The secret to dealing with change is to
a. try to prevent the change from occurring.
b. keep your opinions about the change to yourself.
c. meet regularly with your supervisor to discuss the change.
d. surrender to change.
Case 14.1
XYZ Corporation is undergoing a merger with a larger company. This merger will bring XYZ into the twenty-first
century technologically but will also bring about a number of other changes. As XYZ is the acquired company, about one-
third of its work force will be laid off. The reasons for the layoff have been clearly explained, and Virginia, the respected
president of XYZ, is implementing the layoff in the best interests of the company, even though it is very painful for her. A
number of the best employees and managers started looking for new jobs before XYZ announced who would be laid off
and who would stay. Most employees are putting in long hours, and the company exercise room is full as managers and
employees try to burn off their fears and frustrations with these changes.
Virginia is really excited about these changes and about the positive outcomes for the future of the company and its
employees. Virginia has handled things well but is under a lot of pressure. She obsesses about being organized. She
carries her pager into the restroom with her and is constantly talking on her smartphone. She likes to have her computer
terminal on whenever she’s in the office, just in case she needs it, and is very uncomfortable when she has to travel
without her laptop computer with its portable Wi–Fi hot spot.
John was promoted from first-line supervisor to VP of operations because all of the other managers found new jobs when
the merger was announced. He didn’t want the job, but he had to take it to stay at XYZ. He’s had to give up daily
interaction with his production line people and begin performing tasks for which he has little preparation or experience
and that he doesn’t particularly care for, such as attending lots of meetings. He’s bearing up well and so far has been able
to handle the increased responsibilities.
22. Refer to Case 14.1. When some employees began looking for new jobs, this is an example of
a. resilience and planning ahead to take control of their situation.
b. the fight-or-flight response to stress.
c. an adaptation to burnout.
d. mindfulness.
23. Warning signals of stress
a. are generally physical, not psychological, symptoms.
b. may indicate greater risk for colds, flu, and infections.
c. only surface in rare and extreme conditions.
d. can only be detected by a qualified medical professional, such as your doctor.
24. Refer to Case 14.1. Given the various stressors related to this change for XYZ, what would be the most effective stress
management strategy for Virginia and John and the other employees that they aren’t already using?
Name:
Class:
Date:
chapter 14
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
Page 4
a. Strenuous exercise
b. Sleep
c. Getting away on vacation
d. None of these
25. It is easy to blame stress on a particular person or event. However, a great deal of stress is caused by
a. our biological processes.
b. rationalization.
c. negative thinking and faulty reasoning.
d. our work in general.
26. Gillian is increasingly detached from her coworkers. She’s doubting her career choice and has begun to wear a
negative attitude like a coat. She’s complaining a great deal. She can barely get out of the bed in the morning. Gillian is
probably suffering from
a. burnout.
b. ergonomics.
c. technostress.
d. multitasking.
Case 14.1
XYZ Corporation is undergoing a merger with a larger company. This merger will bring XYZ into the twenty-first
century technologically but will also bring about a number of other changes. As XYZ is the acquired company, about one-
third of its work force will be laid off. The reasons for the layoff have been clearly explained, and Virginia, the respected
president of XYZ, is implementing the layoff in the best interests of the company, even though it is very painful for her. A
number of the best employees and managers started looking for new jobs before XYZ announced who would be laid off
and who would stay. Most employees are putting in long hours, and the company exercise room is full as managers and
employees try to burn off their fears and frustrations with these changes.
Virginia is really excited about these changes and about the positive outcomes for the future of the company and its
employees. Virginia has handled things well but is under a lot of pressure. She obsesses about being organized. She
carries her pager into the restroom with her and is constantly talking on her smartphone. She likes to have her computer
terminal on whenever she’s in the office, just in case she needs it, and is very uncomfortable when she has to travel
without her laptop computer with its portable Wi–Fi hot spot.
John was promoted from first-line supervisor to VP of operations because all of the other managers found new jobs when
the merger was announced. He didn’t want the job, but he had to take it to stay at XYZ. He’s had to give up daily
interaction with his production line people and begin performing tasks for which he has little preparation or experience
and that he doesn’t particularly care for, such as attending lots of meetings. He’s bearing up well and so far has been able
to handle the increased responsibilities.
27. Refer to Case 14.1. The primary cause of stress for most of the employees of XYZ would most likely be
a. noise pollution.
b. incompetent leadership.
c. multitasking.
d. the change brought on by the acquisition.
28. ____ is often required for the unconscious to process thoughts and events.
a. Social interaction
b. Exercise
Name:
Class:
Date:
chapter 14
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
Page 5
c. Solitude
d. A good diet
29. An individual’s response to significant stress:
a. is regulated entirely by stress hormones, not the conscious mind.
b. may result in reduced critical thinking ability and creativity.
c. is always the same, regardless of that person’s character traits.
d. includes a drop in levels of the pleasure-inducing chemicals cortisol and adrenaline.
30. An unintended consequence of today’s heightened reliance on technology is that
a. workers have become better able to focus and complete tasks.
b. we are less confident that our messages will receive a response.
c. the boundaries between work and home are more clearly delineated.
d. multitasking has increased to the point of inefficiency.
31. Sleep is an effective stress management technique
a. because it allows you to avoid the circumstances that create stress for a period of time.
b. when you get at least six hours of rest per night.
c. only when combined with exercise and a proper diet.
d. because it allows your body’s restoration processes to work.
32. The work area pollutant that most affects people in the work place is
a. noise.
b. air.
c. lighting.
d. ergonomically incorrect furniture.
33. Your friend Gina has been laid off due to downsizing at your company. You care about her and decide you should ask
her to consider seeking help for depression when,
a. two weeks later, she is still grieving over her job loss.
b. several months later, she has given up looking for work and lost interest in doing things with you and others that
she once enjoyed.
c. two months later, she still worries incessantly about finding another job.
d. two months later, she hasn’t found work and occasionally mentions missing her old job; however, she seems to be
enjoying spending more time with her family and friends.
34. Refer to Case 14.1. John’s ability to handle the stress is probably due to his
a. increased solitude at work.
b. excellent technical skills.
c. resilience.
d. expert use of technology.
35. Laughter relieves stress by
a. helping you make jokes of difficult situations.
b. reducing stress-related hormones.
c. slowing your heart rate.
Name:
Class:
Date:
chapter 14
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
Page 6
d. helping you sleep at night.
36. Guillermo feels compelled to alternate between e-mailing, updating his Twitter status, and using his smartphone to
conduct work. He often feels an adrenaline rush and his muscles tense when he is notified of incoming messages or calls.
Concentration feels more difficult than in the past. Guillermo’s stress is likely a result of
a. long and irregular hours.
b. work transitions.
c. technological multitasking.
d. workstation ergonomics.
37. Working in a windowless cubicle, in a polluted oil field, or in a crowded retail store are all examples of
a. ergonomics problems.
b. environmental stress.
c. mental incompetence.
d. physical stress.
38. Companies use ____ as a resource for employees dealing with personal problems, substance abuse, and psychological
disorders in order to keep minor problems from becoming major ones.
a. the relaxation response
b. Medicare
c. employee-assistance programs
d. mandatory sabbaticals
39. Working the steps and attending meetings are two key elements of
a. twelve-step programs.
b. employee-assistance programs.
c. group therapy.
d. stress reduction counseling.
40. Which of the following is not true about exercise?
a. Exercise releases pleasure-inducing chemicals called endorphins.
b. About 70 percent of Americans do not exercise regularly, and approximately 40 percent are not active at all.
c. Many people do not take advantage of the physical and mental benefits of exercise.
d. Exercise must be strenuous in order to be effective against stress.
41. The lease on Alexia’s apartment will come up for renewal in 3 months. Her apartment complex was recently bought
out by a new property management firm, and Alexia has heard rumors that these new owners will raise all tenants’ rents
substantially. She is very worried that she will not be able to afford the increased rent and will be evicted or have to go
without enough food or her medications. Alexia’s friend Beth says she should try to “regain or let go of control” in this
situation. What does that mean?
a. Alexia should ignore the rumors and not think about the possibility of a rent increase.
b. Alexia should look for a less expensive apartment and be prepared to move if necessary.
c. Alexia should go for a walk outside every time she begins to worry about the rent.
d. Alexia should make a list of all her worries, then tear it up and throw it away.
Name:
Class:
Date:
chapter 14
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
Page 7
42. When Sean finds himself in a stressful situation, he determines which aspects of his situation are in his control and he
adjusts them accordingly. This is an example of
a. acceptance.
b. self-determination.
c. manipulation.
d. resilience.
43. Ruminating over personal and work-related problems
a. manages stress by putting the problems into perspective.
b. is a positive stressor as it promotes self-awareness and growth.
c. is a response that exacerbates stress and may lead to depression.
d. achieves the same results as meditating.
44. The brain is reoriented from a stressful fight-or-flight mode to one of acceptance when a person regularly
a. laughs.
b. exercises.
c. meditates.
d. sleeps.
Case 14.1
XYZ Corporation is undergoing a merger with a larger company. This merger will bring XYZ into the twenty-first
century technologically but will also bring about a number of other changes. As XYZ is the acquired company, about one-
third of its work force will be laid off. The reasons for the layoff have been clearly explained, and Virginia, the respected
president of XYZ, is implementing the layoff in the best interests of the company, even though it is very painful for her. A
number of the best employees and managers started looking for new jobs before XYZ announced who would be laid off
and who would stay. Most employees are putting in long hours, and the company exercise room is full as managers and
employees try to burn off their fears and frustrations with these changes.
Virginia is really excited about these changes and about the positive outcomes for the future of the company and its
employees. Virginia has handled things well but is under a lot of pressure. She obsesses about being organized. She
carries her pager into the restroom with her and is constantly talking on her smartphone. She likes to have her computer
terminal on whenever she’s in the office, just in case she needs it, and is very uncomfortable when she has to travel
without her laptop computer with its portable Wi–Fi hot spot.
John was promoted from first-line supervisor to VP of operations because all of the other managers found new jobs when
the merger was announced. He didn’t want the job, but he had to take it to stay at XYZ. He’s had to give up daily
interaction with his production line people and begin performing tasks for which he has little preparation or experience
and that he doesn’t particularly care for, such as attending lots of meetings. He’s bearing up well and so far has been able
to handle the increased responsibilities.
45. Refer to Case 14.1. Amidst all the change, it is probably safe to say that Virginia is
a. suffering from multitasking stresses.
b. not emotionally hardy.
c. currently experiencing burnout.
d. an incompetent leader who causes stress among subordinates.
Enter the appropriate word(s) to complete the statement.
Name:
Class:
Date:
chapter 14
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
Page 8
46. Study after study proves that ____________________ is the number one treatment for stress and tension for most
people.
47. The practice of ______________________, which involves paying attention on purpose, in the present moment, in
order to quiet the mind and heighten awareness, has entered the American mainstream in recent years.
48. __________ refers to two simultaneous events: an external stimulus and the physical and emotional responses to that
stimulus, such as anxiety, muscle tension, and surging heart rate.
49. Although managing stress is also a personal responsibility, many organizations offer ____________________ to help
employees overcome anxiety, depression, burnout, and alcohol and drug abuse.
50. There are several physical symptoms that appear to tell you that you are experiencing too much stress. One of them is
tension or migraine _______________.
51. Amy is often restless and has trouble concentrating due to intense feelings of apprehension. She spends so much time
planning her assignments and fretting about what will happen if she makes a mistake that she ends up with little time to
properly execute and finish the task. Her performance seems to be suffering due to the psychological disorder known as
____________________.
52. Many surveys say that work/life ______________ is what most workers want from their jobs.
53. Than has been going to school full-time and working part-time. She is fatigued and often runs late. Her mood is
mostly dark, she doesn’t participate in conversations at work or school, and concentrating is growing more difficult for
her with each day that passes. Than is suffering from the condition known as ____________________.
54. Moves, marriages, divorces, and job changes are all examples of ____________________, experiences of being
forced to give up something that could be potentially stressful for an individual.
55. A _____________ is an irrational fear of a specific object or situation.
56. Explain the relationship among technology, multitasking, and stress.
57. How can you tell if you are under too much stress?
58. Create two brief case studies of two different individuals: one that clearly illustrates depression and one that clearly
illustrates anxiety.
59. What is stress, and where does it come from?
60. What is resilience, and how can you develop it?
61. Explain the relationship among technology, work-life imbalance, and stress.
62. What would you recommend as the two most effective stress-management techniques, and why?
63. Create a short story that illustrates: 1) how someone could experience at least seven causes of stress over the course of
a work day, and 2) how that person could effectively manage the stress.
Name:
Class:
Date:
chapter 14
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
Page 9
64. Describe the elements of most meditation techniques. Then, contrast meditation with the process of rumination. Be
sure to relate the two processes to stress.
65. You own a small business that is short-staffed and over-worked. You greatly value your employees and would sorely
miss them if they were to quit. What steps as their employer can you take to help them lessen burnout?
Name:
Class:
Date:
chapter 14
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
Page 10
Answer Key
1. True
2. False
Name:
Class:
Date:
chapter 14
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
Page 11
26. a
Name:
Class:
Date:
chapter 14
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
Page 12
Name:
Class:
Date:
chapter 14