6. Which of the following is not a fallacy involving statistics?
a. The fallacy of the average
b. The fallacy of the unknown base
c. The fallacy of the atypical time frame
d. The fallacy of the arbitrary time frame
e. The fallacy of the variance
7. When you use examples to prove a point, specific logical tests must be met. Which of the following is not a test of
factual examples?
a. Are sufficient examples given?
b. Are the examples meaningful?
c. Are the examples representative?
d. Are negative instances accounted for?
e. All of the above are tests of factual examples
8. Whatdoes“theexamplesyoupickreflectasetofassumptionsabouttheworld”mean?Whyisthisimportantto
keep in mind when collecting evidence?
9. Suppose a speaker said that each year 20,000 to 40,000 qualified high school graduates were unable to attend
college due to financial reasons. What specific questions would you ask to determine the validity of that evidence?
10. What additional information would you need before accepting the following statistical evidence?
“TwooutofthreedentistsrecommendColgatetoothpaste.”
“LauraBushhasan85%approvalrating.”
“Ahighpercentageoflicenseddrivershavedrivenwhileundertheinfluenceofalcohol.”
11. What is the difference between factual and hypothetical examples? What are the merits and limitations of each?
Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 15 Identifying and Recording Evidence