Chapter 1 Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following is NOT an area in which media portraits of crime and justice
influence public perceptions?
a. What behaviors should be criminalized
b. Who should be punished
c. What the punishment should be
d. Who should be in charge of punishments
2. Which of the following is an example of a memorial criminal justice policy?
a. Boston Gun Project
b. Megan’s Law
c. CSI
d. Victims of Crime Act
3. A high profile murder case ended a year ago and images of the defendant during the case
are still appearing in the local news, on various Internet sites, and even in select movies.
This is an example of which of the following?
a. Looping
b. Narrowcasting
c. Interactivity
d. a Mediated Experience
4. Which of the following is NOT a general example of how media can serve as a powerful
potential solution to crime?
a. By helping to reduce violence and drug use
b. By deterring criminal acts
c. By providing the public with up-to-date footage of all major crime cases
d. By bolstering the image of the criminal justice system
5. Which of the following is NOT one of the four general types of media?
a. Print
b. Sound
c. Visual
d. Internet
6. In early U.S. Penny Press newspapers, crime was portrayed according to what
orientation?
a. Race-oriented
b. Gender-oriented
c. Class-oriented
d. All of the above
7. Which of the following is a major difference between contemporary print media and
contemporary electronic media?
a. Each contains different types of messages.
b. Print media is easier to select or avoid based on consumer preferences.
c. Print media has fewer images.
d. Print media is part of mass media while electronic media is not.
8. Radio crime-and-justice programming have provided the model for which of the
following:
a. modern-day crime and justice reality programming
b. the contemporary stereotypes of criminals and criminal justice
c. the exploitation of sensational heinous crimes
d. all of the above
9. Which type of media was the first to blanket all of society, meaning that content was
available for the first time to every social, economic, and intellectual stratum?
a. Radio
b. Film
c. Television
d. Internet
10. In 1975, crime shows accounted for approximately what percentage of prime time
schedules?
a. 20 percent
b. 40 percent
c. 60 percent
d. 80 percent
11. Which of the following is not a characteristic of new media?
a. Narrowcasting
b. On-demand access to content
c. Inconvenience
d. Interactivity
12. Kelly, a news producer, notes that the public has been particularly interested in public
school system sex scandals for a 6-week span and decides to feature similar stories. Kelly
is selecting her news stories based on which of the following models?
a. Market model
b. Manipulative model
c. Organizational model
d. None of the above
13. Which of the following BEST describes the impact of infotainment on crime-and justice
portraits?
a. Infotainment presents crime-and-justice news in a completely factual and
entertaining manner.
b. Infotainment completely disregards the integrity of crime-and-justice news and no
part of infotainment is based on reality.
c. Infotainment tries to present crime-and-justice news in a realistic manner, but fails
to do so.
d. Infotainment presents realistic events and circumstances, but the events are highly
stylized and edited
14. Which of the following is an early example of a media trial?
a. the film To Kill a Mockingbird
b. the Lizzie Borden ax murder trial
c. the Patty Hearst trial
d. all of the above
15. Which of the following is NOT one of the five realities for why twenty-first-century
media is important to crime-and-justice?
a. Mass media is an electronic, visually dominated media
b. The U.S. media is in a paternalistic relationship with the government
c. Media must be understood as a collection of for-profit businesses
d. Media businesses exist within a highly competitive environment
True/False
1. Technological progress has resulted in growing concerns, such as the direct criminogenic
media effects on copycat crime and media-oriented terrorism.
2. Media and technology are simultaneously perceived as both a major cause of crime and
violence and a powerful potential solution to crime.
3. Comic book portrayals of crime-and-justice have always included all of the following:
crime-fighting policeman, private detectives, and costumed superheroes.
4. The first visual media criminals were descendants of street gang members, often
portrayed in dime novels.
5. The creation of crime news is best understood through the organizational model.
6. The following model represents the oldest entertainment crime story structure: crime →
chase → capture.
7. Unlike some other more reliable types of media, magazines and web sites are often
unreliable because their stories are underdeveloped and they often focus on only the most
interesting stories.
8. Most people experience crime and justice first-hand, rather than through mediated
experiences.
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9. Mediated experiences create a mediated reality which has little to no influence on crime-
and-justice policies.
10. One view of crime and criminal justice media holds that the media undermines the values
of law and order.