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Chapter 03: The Deep Structure of Culture: Lessons from the Family
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero
Page 1
1. A culture’s unconscious assumptions about how the world operates is referred to as its’:
a.
subculture
b.
foundation
c.
deep structure
d.
matrix
e.
protoculture
ANSWER:
c
2. The three most enduring and influential organizations in cultures are:
a.
family, state, religion
b.
family, community, nation
c.
community, nation, religion
d.
family, community, religion
e.
state, nation, religion
ANSWER:
a
3. Which of the following is not true about deep structure institutions?
a.
carry culture’s most important messages
b.
the institutions and their messages endure
c.
the institutions and their messages are deeply felt
d.
have a superficial impact on a person’s identity
ANSWER:
d
4. The oldest and most fundamental of human institutions is ____.
a.
religion
b.
family
c.
community
d.
rule of law
e.
rite of passage
ANSWER:
b
5. The definition of a family includes ____.
a.
people who form an economic unit and care for any young
b.
people who consider their identity to be significantly attached to the group
c.
people who commit to maintaining that group over time
d.
any sexually expressive, parent-child, or kin relationship
e.
all of these
ANSWER:
e
6. According to the text, changes in the definition of family in the U.S. have resulted from ____.
a.
economic changes
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Chapter 03: The Deep Structure of Culture: Lessons from the Family
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Page 2
b.
technological advances
c.
gender roles
d.
all of these
ANSWER:
d
7. Which of the following is true about contemporary migration patterns?
a.
the number of people living outside their country of birth is larger than at any other time in history
b.
migrants account for approximately 12% of the world population
c.
affects primarily the social lives of the migrants rather than the families left behind
d.
none of these
ANSWER:
a
8. The most important function of families in any culture is ____.
a.
economic
b.
reproductive
c.
socialization
d.
indoctrination
e.
internalization
ANSWER:
b
9. Values and morals develop due to this function of family:
a.
indoctrination
b.
internalization
c.
economic
d.
socialization
e.
identity
ANSWER:
c
10. In the United States, which of the following is not true about gender roles?
a.
children learn to differentiate between masculine and feminine activities as infants
b.
around four years old, children recognize that labels such as boy and girl apply to classes of people
c.
males are socialized to be aggressive and self-reliant whereas females are socialized to be nurturing
and sensitive
d.
none
ANSWER:
b
11. Which of the following is not typically true of gender roles in Asian cultures?
a.
fathers tend to get perks which demonstrate status such as being served first at meals, having the first
bath, etc.
b.
women are given more freedom than men
c.
males are responsible for task functions
d.
females are responsible for social and cultural functions
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Chapter 03: The Deep Structure of Culture: Lessons from the Family
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e.
males have more “power” than females
ANSWER:
b
12. For Latino cultures, which of the following is true:
a.
the authority of the mother is seldom questioned or disputed
b.
the father is expected to be the breadwinner and protector
c.
in the absence of a mother, the power position reverts to the oldest daughter
d.
behaviors associated with marianismo and machismo are to be avoided
e.
all of these
ANSWER:
b
13. For most Muslim communities, which of the following would not be true?
a.
Islamic teachings spell out the roles, rights, and duties of women
b.
fathers and brothers are expected to assume protection over girls and women
c.
women typically take their husband’s name when they marry
d.
men are considered to stronger than women physically, mentally, and emotionally
e.
none of these
ANSWER:
c
14. Collectivistic cultures:
a.
tend to be Western cultures
b.
prefer competition to cooperation
c.
perceive the individual as a sovereign, stand-alone entity
d.
people view themselves more as members of groups rather than individuals
ANSWER:
d
15. According to the text, individualism in the American family is linked to ____.
a.
beliefs regarding the afterlife
b.
the history of the United States
c.
World War I
d.
World War II
ANSWER:
b
16. Collectivist cultures tend to include all of the following except ____.
a.
the U.S.
b.
Asian cultures
c.
Arab cultures
d.
Latino cultures
ANSWER:
a
17. The Chinese perception of collectivism is deeply rooted in ____.
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Chapter 03: The Deep Structure of Culture: Lessons from the Family
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Page 4
a.
Taoism
b.
Tai Chi
c.
Confucianism
d.
Bushido
e.
Marxism
ANSWER:
c
18. Of the following, which is true about the elderly?
a.
in the U.S., the dominant culture has a positive view of aging
b.
in Latino culture, the elderly have no authority in the family
c.
for Arab cultures, prestige and power are associated with age
d.
in Asian cultures, the elderly are rarely sought for advice
e.
all of these
ANSWER:
c
19. Of the following, which is true about aggression?
a.
in the U.S., children are typically encouraged to “stand up for themselves”
b.
in many Asian cultures, the word “no” is considered aggressive and belligerent
c.
Mexican families discourage aggression among family members
d.
Native American Indian families seek harmony
e.
all of these
ANSWER:
e
20. Deep structures of culture are sources of insight for significant universal questions.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
21. Family, community, and religion are the three institutions that make up the deep structure of culture.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
22. Deep structure institutions have little to do with the development of a person’s identity.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
23. Community is the principal transmitter of knowledge, values, attitudes, roles, and habits from one generation
to the next.
a.
True
b.
False
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Chapter 03: The Deep Structure of Culture: Lessons from the Family
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ANSWER:
False
24. In one form or another, families are found in every culture.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
25. Nuclear families are also known as “one generational” families.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
26. The definition of family in the U.S. has been stable since the colonial era.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
27. Globalization of has had little effect on how family is conceived.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
28. Globalized media sources have created an alternative set of values for families throughout the world.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
29. The most important function of family in any culture is reproduction.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
30. A society’s economic system and family structures are usually independent of one another.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
31. By observation, imitation, and practice, each family introduces young children to many of the values and
behaviors that are important to a culture.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
32. Family is a product of communication as well as a context of communication.
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Chapter 03: The Deep Structure of Culture: Lessons from the Family
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a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
33. The primary influence on gender identity is the mass media.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
34. Socially constructed gender expectations for girls and boys frequently translate into different experiences
throughout the life course.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
35. In Korea, the legacy of Confucianism made men alone the structurally relevant members of society and relegated
women to social dependence.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
36. Machismo, in Latino culture, is characterized by true valor, courage, generosity, and concern for others.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
37. Marianismo in Latino culture is equivalent to the values of radical feminism expressed in Western cultures.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
38. The preference for a son when a child is born is as old as Indian society.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
39. Islam takes it as axiomatic that men are stronger than women, not only physically, but mentally and morally.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
40. Most cultures include a mixture of individualistic and collectivistic elements.
a.
True
b.
False
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Chapter 03: The Deep Structure of Culture: Lessons from the Family
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ANSWER:
True
41. Arab culture emphasizes the needs of the group over the needs of an individual.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
42. The Chinese perception of collectivism is heavily influenced by Confucianism, and the interests of society
and other groups are more important than family interests.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
43. Unlike many other societies, the dominant U.S. culture does not revere the elderly.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
44. Historically, the African-American grandmother has played important roles within the extended family
network.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
45. “Person-oriented” decision making is less common in the U.S. and other Western cultures than in Asian
cultures.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
46. Explain the notion of “deep structure” in culture. Provide examples of deep structure institutions.
ANSWER:
47. List and explain two of the four reasons that family, community, and religion are so influential in all
cultures.
ANSWER:
48. Define family. Why is it important to culture?
ANSWER:
49. Compare and contrast the concepts of extended and nuclear families. Provide examples of cultural
differences.
ANSWER:
50. How has the concept of family changed in the U.S. over the years?
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Chapter 03: The Deep Structure of Culture: Lessons from the Family
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ANSWER:
51. What effect has globalization had on families? Include examples from at least two cultures.
ANSWER:
52. List and explain the functions of family.
ANSWER:
53. What is the role of family in socialization and the development of individual identity?
ANSWER:
54. What influence does family have in developing cultural gender role?
ANSWER:
55. How are gender roles changing in the U.S. and elsewhere?
ANSWER:
56. Describe the nature of the family in individualistic cultures. How does the family promote the orientation?
ANSWER:
57. Explain the role of family in collectivistic cultures. Provide an example from at least two other cultures.
ANSWER:
58. How are the elderly perceived and treated in different cultures? Compare the dominant U.S. culture’s
attitudes with that of at least two other cultures.
ANSWER:
59. What is the role of family in teaching social skills?
ANSWER:
60. What are some of the general social skills the family “teaches?”
ANSWER:
