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1. Elevation of the tongue tip requires contraction of which muscle?
a.
Mylohyoid
b.
Superior longitudinal
c.
Genioglossus
d.
Hyoglossus
ANSWER:
b
2. Depression of the tongue tip requires contraction of which muscle?
a.
Genioglossus
b.
Superior longitudinal
c.
Inferior longitudinal
d.
Both b & c
e.
All of the above
ANSWER:
c
3. Turning the tip of the tongue to the right requires contraction of the
a.
right superior longitudinal muscle.
b.
right inferior longitudinal muscle.
c.
right hyoglossus muscle.
d.
a & b
e.
none of the above.
ANSWER:
d
4. Retraction of the tongue requires contraction of which muscle?
a.
Anterior fibers, genioglossus
b.
Posterior fibers, genioglossus
c.
Stylohyoid
d.
a & b
e.
b & c
ANSWER:
e
5. Elevation of the dorsum of the tongue requires which muscle?
a.
Genioglossus
b.
Hyoglossus
c.
Palatopharyngeus
d.
Palatoglossus
e.
None of the above
ANSWER:
d
6. Retraction of the lips requires contraction of which muscle?
a.
Orbicularis oris
b.
Buccinator
c.
Risorius
d.
a & b
e.
b & c
ANSWER:
e
7. Pursing of the lips requires contraction of which muscle?
a.
Orbicularis oris
b.
Buccinator
c.
Risorius
d.
a & b
e.
b & c
ANSWER:
a
8. A pout that involves protrusion of the lower lip requires contraction of which muscle?
a.
Orbicularis oris
b.
Triangularis
c.
Levator anguli oris
d.
Mentalis
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ANSWER:
d
9. Which muscle has a course parallel to that of the buccinator?
a.
Risorius
b.
Depressor anguli oris
c.
Depressor labii inferioris
d.
Mentalis
ANSWER:
a
10. Which muscle retracts and elevates the lips, as in smiling?
a.
Risorius
b.
Buccinator
c.
Levator anguli oris
d.
Levator labii superioris
ANSWER:
c
11. Which muscle elevates the mandible?
a.
Masseter
b.
Temporalis
c.
Medial pterygoid
d.
All of the above
ANSWER:
d
12. Which muscle protrudes the mandible?
a.
Masseter
b.
Platysma
c.
Digastricus anterior
d.
Lateral pterygoid
ANSWER:
d
13. Which muscle helps to tightly occlude the lips?
a.
Buccinator
b.
Levator anguli oris superioris
c.
Mentalis
d.
None of the above
ANSWER:
c
14. Which muscle helps to narrow the tongue?
a.
Transverse
b.
Superior longitudinal
c.
Inferior longitudinal
d.
Vertical
ANSWER:
a
15. Which muscle helps to depress the tongue?
a.
Transverse
b.
Superior longitudinal
c.
Inferior longitudinal
d.
Vertical
ANSWER:
d
16. Which muscle depresses the dorsum of the tongue?
a.
Hyoglossus
b.
Styloglossus
c.
Palatoglossus
d.
Digastricus (anterior and posterior)
ANSWER:
a
17. Which muscle can either elevate the hyoid or depress the mandible?
a.
Geniohyoid
b.
Mylohyoid
c.
Genioglossus
d.
a & b
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e.
None of the above
ANSWER:
d
18. Which muscle is innervated by the XII hypoglossal nerve?
a.
Palatoglossus
b.
Genioglossus
c.
Styloglossus
d.
All of the above
ANSWER:
d
19. Which of these statements is true?
a.
The orbicularis oris superioris is faster than the orbicularis oris inferioris.
b.
The tongue tip is faster than the tongue dorsum.
c.
The temporalis is faster than the masseter.
d.
a & b
e.
b & c
ANSWER:
e
20. Which of these muscles dilates the Eustachian tube?
a.
Dilator Eustachius
b.
Levator veli palatine
c.
Tensor veli palatine
d.
None of the above
ANSWER:
c
21. Which of these muscles is most instrumental in elevation of the velum?
a.
Levator labii superioris
b.
Levator palatine
c.
Levator labii anguli oris
d.
None of the above
ANSWER:
b
22. Which of these muscle attaches to the posterior nasal spine?
a.
Palatoglossus
b.
Tensor veli palatine
c.
Musculus uvulae
d.
a & b
e.
b & c
ANSWER:
c
23. Which of these muscles encircles the orifice of the Eustachian tube?
a.
Tensor veli palatine
b.
Palatopharyngeus
c.
Salpingopharyngeus
d.
Cricopharyngeus
ANSWER:
c
24. Which of these muscles helps depress the tongue?
a.
Anterior fibers, genioglossus
b.
Posterior fibers, genioglossus
c.
Hyoglossus
d.
Vertical intrinsic muscle of the tongue
e.
All of the above
ANSWER:
e
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25. Which of these muscles depresses the corner of the mouth?
a.
Orbicularis oris inferioris
b.
Orbicularis oris superioris
c.
Mentalis
d.
Depressor anguli oris inferioris
ANSWER:
d
26. The ____________________ muscle provides the point of insertion for all facial muscles.
ANSWER:
orbicularis oris
27. The ______________________________ muscle depresses the corner of the mouth.
ANSWER:
depressor anguli oris inferioris
28. The ____________________ muscle protrudes the lower lip.
ANSWER:
mentalis
29. The ____________________ muscle elevates the velum.
ANSWER:
levator veli palatine
30. The ____________________ muscle depresses the velum or elevates the posterior tongue.
ANSWER:
palatoglossus
glossopalatine
31. The ____________________ is the most superficial of the lip retractors.
ANSWER:
risorius
32. The ____________________ muscle is the deepest muscle of the lip retractors.
ANSWER:
buccinator
33. The ____________________ muscle makes up the uvula.
ANSWER:
musculus uvulae
34. The ____________________ muscle makes up the anterior faucial pillar.
ANSWER:
palatoglossus
35. The ____________________ muscle makes up the posterior faucial pillar.
ANSWER:
palatopharyngeus
36. The ____________________ muscle is the most superficial mandibular elevator.
ANSWER:
masseter
37. The ____________________ muscle arises from the temporal fossa.
ANSWER:
temporalis
38. The _________________________ forms the posterior attachment for the buccinator and the anterior point of
attachment for the superior pharyngeal constrictor.
ANSWER:
pterygomandibular raphe
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39. The ____________________ muscle arises from the mastoid process and retracts the tongue.
ANSWER:
styloglossus
40. The ____________________ muscle elevates the tongue tip.
ANSWER:
superior longitudinal
41. The ____________________ muscle depresses the tongue tip.
ANSWER:
inferior longitudinal
42. The ____________________ muscle is an intrinsic tongue muscle responsible for depressing the tongue.
ANSWER:
vertical
43. The ____________________ muscle is an intrinsic tongue muscle responsible for narrowing the tongue.
ANSWER:
transverse
44. The ____________________ muscle is an extrinsic tongue muscle that makes up the bulk of the tongue.
ANSWER:
genioglossus
45. The ______________________________ muscle is an extrinsic tongue muscle that depresses the medial tongue.
ANSWER:
genioglossus anterior and posterior
46. The ____________________ muscle dilates the Eustachian tube.
ANSWER:
tensor veli palatine
47. The ____________________ muscle inserts into the angle of the mandible.
ANSWER:
masseter
48. The ____________________ muscle arises from the lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid.
ANSWER:
lateral pterygoid
49. The ____________________ muscle arises from the medial pterygoid plate of the sphenoid.
ANSWER:
medial pterygoid
50. The ____________________ muscle works in conjunction with the posterior fibers of the genioglossus to narrow and
protrude the tongue.
ANSWER:
transverse intrinsic
51. The ____________________ theory states that there is a “master control” for articulatory function that dictates
instant-by-instant function of the muscles.
ANSWER:
central control
52. ____________________ theories assign a dominant role to the sensory information fed to the central nervous system.
ANSWER:
Feedback
53. ____________________ theories hold that an articulatory goal arises from a central motor system, but that lower
centers define the means for achieving the goal.
ANSWER:
Dynamic
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54. ____________________ theories allow for immediate adjustment of articulatory trajectory if the articulator is
unexpectedly perturbed.
ANSWER:
Dynamic
55. Muscle ____________________ deep within many muscles provide feedback concerning muscle length.
ANSWER:
spindles
56. ____________________ organs provide feedback concerning muscle tension.
ANSWER:
Golgi tendon organs
57. The velum is (elevated/depressed) ____________________ during most speech.
ANSWER:
elevated
58. Inability of the velum to elevate can result in ____________________.
ANSWER:
hypernasality
59. An infant will develop control of the (tip/dorsum) ____________________ first.
ANSWER:
dorsum
60. An infant will develop control of the (trunk/neck) ____________________ first.
ANSWER:
trunk
61. An infant will develop control of the (mandible/tongue) ____________________ first.
ANSWER:
mandible
62. An infant begins life in a general state of (flexion/extension) ____________________.
ANSWER:
flexion
63. The infant develops (neck control/mandible control) ____________________ first.
ANSWER:
neck control
64. The ____________________ theory states that we learn a motor sequence by learning each individual component of
that sequence separately.
ANSWER:
associative chain
65. The ____________________ theory holds that the same phoneme would be produced precisely the same in all
phonemic contexts, because the command for execution is not altered by context.
ANSWER:
central control
66. What are the three major theories or models of speech control, and what is the major premise of each theory?
ANSWER:
The three major theories or models of speech control include the following:
1. The central control theory, which postulates that there is a “master control” system that
dictates that muscle movements are based on the linguistic goal. The master control system
administers muscle commands and accounts for the dominance of articulation for speech.
2. The dynamic or action theory models explain the physical properties involved in
articulation. These theories account for the difficulties in articulation theory and explain how
Name:
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Date:
Name:
Class:
Date:
superior longitudinal
b.
inferior longitudinal
transverse intrinsic
d.
vertical intrinsic
76. Elevates the tongue tip
ANSWER:
a
77. Depresses the tongue
ANSWER:
d
78. Narrows the tongue
ANSWER:
c
79. Depresses the tongue tip
ANSWER:
b
palatoglossus
b.
palatopharyngeus
musculus uvulae
d.
tensor veli palatine
levator veli palatine
ANSWER:
c
81. Makes up the anterior faucial pillar
ANSWER:
a
ANSWER:
d
72. Elevates the posterior tongue or depresses the velum
ANSWER:
c
73. Helps to elevate the pharynx
ANSWER:
e
74. Arises from the temporal bone and retracts the tongue
ANSWER:
b
75. Makes up the bulk of the tongue
ANSWER:
a
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levator labii superioris
b.
levator anguli oris superioris
levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
d.
depressor anguli oris inferioris
orbicularis oris inferioris
orbicularis oris superioris
g.
depressor labii inferioris
h.
mentalis
ANSWER:
h
87. Depresses the corner of the lower lip
ANSWER:
d
ANSWER:
b
89. Depresses the lower lip
ANSWER:
g
91. Fastest-responding of the two orbicularis oris muscles
ANSWER:
e
depresses tongue tip
b.
produces a deep central groove
protrudes tongue
d.
deviates tongue tip
elevates tongue tip
83. Makes up the posterior faucial pillar
ANSWER:
b
84. Elevates the pharynx or depresses the velum
ANSWER:
b
85. Elevates the posterior tongue
ANSWER:
a
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trajectory
b.
Golgi tendon organ
muscle spindle
d.
pressure sensation
reflexes
105. Muscle length sensor
ANSWER:
c
ANSWER:
a
ANSWER:
e
109. Muscle tension sensor
ANSWER:
mentalis
b.
orbicularis oris inferior and superior
buccinator and risorius
110. Must contract for a bilabial stop
ANSWER:
a
ANSWER:
c
112. Must contract with the orbicularis oris for the /u/ phoneme
ANSWER:
a
mandible
b.
tongue tip
tongue dorsum
d.
velum elevation
113. Required for nasal sounds
defined by context, but allows for ongoing adjustment of control
ANSWER:
c
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bite block
b.
unanticipated load
tongue tip
d.
tongue dorsum
118. Portion of the tongue that is very slow
ANSWER:
d
119. Device used to reduce the function of the mandible for articulation
ANSWER:
a
120. Portion of the tongue that is very fast
ANSWER:
c
121. Type of interference to which articulation is very resilient
ANSWER:
b
ANSWER:
e
114. Required for non-nasal sounds
ANSWER:
d
115. Movement required for articulation of the /i/ phoneme
ANSWER:
b
116. Movement is required for high, back vowels
ANSWER:
c
117. Articulator whose movement supports that of the tongue
ANSWER:
a