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79) When large U.S. software companies open facilities in developing countries to take
advantage of the highly skilled labor available there at lower pay rates, they are engaging in
A) consolidation.
B) nationalization.
C) crowdsourcing.
D) codetermining.
E) offshoring.
80) Employees who take assignments in other countries are called
A) host-country nationals.
B) immigrants.
C) external employees.
D) expatriates.
E) emigrants.
81) What is a key advantage of human resource information systems?
A) They can be used to scrutinize balance sheets.
B) They can be used to develop new lines of products.
C) They can ensure that data is kept private and confidential.
D) They help HR professionals think strategically.
E) They can be used to reduce the size of the HR staff.
82) Which technology can be used to provide employees access to information about HR issues?
A) intranet portals
B) application services
C) self-service
D) business intelligence systems
E) electronic performance support systems
83) Gamma is a company that develops software to help businesses with data processing. Their
software performs multiple business functions, including processing payrolls, generating tax
information for employees, and managing performance evaluation reports. The software is
hosted on a remote server maintained by Gamma, and client businesses can access it online.
Which technology is being used by Gamma to perform the computing tasks for other businesses?
A) intranet portal
B) HR dashboard
C) data mining
D) cloud computing
E) artificial intelligence
84) Which technology simulates human thinking?
A) electronic performance support systems
B) intranet portals
C) self-service portals
D) cloud computing
E) artificial intelligence
85) Which statement is true of an intranet?
A) It is a system that uses powerful computers to analyze large amounts of data, such as data
about employee traits.
B) It is a network that uses Internet tools but limits access to authorized users in the organization.
C) It is a network that is used by a business to reach out to the customers and send them product
information.
D) It is a system that is used by outside suppliers to update inventories.
E) It is a network universally used by business organizations to transfer data from one
geographical location to another.
86) Nora is interested in a career in human resource management. She expected her first job to
focus on giving employees access to information and enrollment forms for training, benefits, and
other programs. However, she has since learned that HR employees spend less time doing that
kind of work. Which trend is behind that change?
A) Employees can now get such information through self-service.
B) Benefits have been cut from most company programs.
C) Managers have taken over those HR duties.
D) Lack of voluntary participation has led to the elimination of employee training programs.
E) Due to privacy laws, human resources cannot obtain any sensitive employee information.
87) The use of technology by HR departments in business organizations has resulted in
A) organizations becoming more restrictive about information pertaining to workplace policies.
B) the elimination of the self-service approach toward information dissemination.
C) the elimination of face-to-face meetings and training sessions.
D) the collection of employees’ opinions through online surveys.
E) HR employees having greater responsibilities for record keeping.
88) What is an HR dashboard?
A) a messaging system used by HR managers to communicate with employees
B) a display of how the company is performing on specific HR metrics
C) a tool used to measure the profitability and growth rate of the organization
D) a computer system used to acquire and distribute information about work schedules and job
duties
E) a system used to store, analyze, and process the information regarding the levels of demand
and inventory
89) The relationship between an employer and an employee can be thought of in terms of a(n)
________, a description of what an employee expects to contribute in an employment
relationship and what the employer will provide the employee in exchange for those
contributions.
A) employee contract
B) offer letter
C) psychological contract
D) legal bond
E) legal agreement
90) Which term refers to the intentional practice of changing jobs frequently?
A) job hopping
B) moonlighting
C) job enlargement
D) job enrichment
E) freelancing
91) The management of J&A Homes expects its employees to be enthusiastic about their work
by seeking training, putting in long hours of work, initiating better work procedures, and
maintaining a sound balance between professional life and personal life. In return, the firm’s
employees expect management to arrange for better incentives, flexible work schedules, and
increased authority to execute their tasks. This scenario is an example of a(n)
A) employee contract.
B) offer letter.
C) legal agreement.
D) legal bond.
E) psychological contract.
92) Which statement is true of a psychological contract?
A) A psychological contract describes spoken expectations that are widely held by employers
and employees.
B) In the new version of the psychological contract, organizations manage the career paths for
their employees.
C) In the traditional version of the psychological contract, organizations expected employees to
take more responsibility for their own careers, from seeking training to balancing work and
family.
D) A psychological contract is a display of how the company is performing on specific HR
metrics, such as productivity and absenteeism.
E) A psychological contract is not formally put into words.
93) The new type of psychological contract has resulted in reduced
A) creativity.
B) employee compensation.
C) flexibility.
D) training and development opportunities.
E) job security.
94) Employees realize that many companies are no longer able to provide long-term employment
security. Instead, the employees now want
A) increased pay.
B) less demanding work.
C) employability.
D) written employment contracts.
E) additional benefits.
95) Kasey changes jobs on a regular basis. She does this to secure better career growth
opportunities and to decrease boredom. Kasey engages in
A) freelancing.
B) job enrichment.
C) job hopping.
D) benchmarking.
E) moonlighting.
96) The use of independent contractors, on-call workers, temporary workers, and contract
company workers, collectively constitutes
A) outsourcing.
B) alternative work arrangements.
C) consolidation.
D) high-performance work systems.
E) offshoring.
97) Independent contractors are
A) usually full-time company employees.
B) self-employed individuals with multiple clients.
C) people employed by a temporary agency.
D) employed directly by a company for a specific time.
E) people employed by a company to work on an independent project.
98) Mohammed, a financial analyst, is not employed directly by any company. He works for
several clients based on their requirements. Mohammed would be classified as a(n)
A) permanent employee.
B) independent contractor.
C) part-time employee.
D) contract company worker.
E) temporary worker.
99) Which of the following is a type of person who works for an organization only when they are
needed?
A) on-call workers
B) moonlighting employees
C) apprentices
D) part-time employees
E) trainees
100) A person that is employed directly by a company for a certain amount of time, specified in
a formal agreement between the company and the workers, is referred to as a(n)
A) on-call worker.
B) independent contractor.
C) temporary worker.
D) contract company worker.
E) part-time worker.
101) List the activities involved in managing cultural diversity.
102) Explain the problem of skill deficiencies in the U.S. workforce. What are companies doing
to address this issue?
103) Define the concept of knowledge workers and explain their impact on high-performance
work systems.
104) List and explain the core values of total quality management.
105) Explain what a psychological contract is and compare the traditional version to the new
type.
106) What is the difference between the internal labor force and the external labor market?
107) What is employee empowerment?
108) What is outsourcing? What are the trends in human resource outsourcing?
109) What is a human resource information system (HRIS) and what are its benefits?
110) Provide one example of how artificial intelligence can improve decision making or smooth
processes in human resource management.