48) Steve is a new employee at Regency Inc. He wants to work for the company, but he has no
desire to join the union or even consider the possibility of becoming a member in the future.
Which security provision of union membership is most suitable for Steve?
A) a closed shop provision, because it gives an employee the right to participate in decision
making without becoming a member
B) a maintenance of membership provision, because it allows employees to join the union as
passive members
C) a union shop provision, because it helps an employee use indirect influence to affect
management-union contracts
D) an agency shop provision, because it requires employees to pay union dues but does not force
them to become members
E) a checkoff provision, because it requires all the employees of an organization to join the
union, regardless of their preferences
49) ________ rules require that employees who join the union remain members for a certain
period of time but do not require a union membership.
A) Agency shop
B) Union shop
C) Closed shop
D) Maintenance of membership
E) Checkoff provision
50) The idea that unions benefit people in communities by holding employers accountable for the
way they treat workers is an example of a(n) ________ goal.
A) management
B) union
C) industrial
D) societal
E) economical
51) Which federal law, passed in 1935, supports collective bargaining and sets out the rights of
employees to form unions?
A) Landrum-Griffin Act
B) Civil Rights Act
C) Wagner Act
D) Taft-Hartley Act
E) Sarbanes-Oxley Act
52) Who among the following is covered by the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)?
A) a worker employed as a supervisor
B) a person working for a parent
C) an independent contractor
D) a worker employed by an employer subject to the Railway Labor Act
E) a worker going out on strike to secure better working conditions
53) Who among the following is NOT covered by the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)?
A) an individual employed as a supervisor
B) an individual employed in the service sector
C) an individual employed by a private-sector firm with less than 15 full-time employees
D) an individual joining a union that is not recognized by his or her employer
E) an individual refraining from activity on behalf of the union
54) What is an unfair labor practice by unions under the Taft-Hartley Act?
A) insisting on provisions that the employer may hire only workers who are union members
B) nominating candidates to union office and conducting secret-ballot elections
C) going out on strike to secure better working conditions
D) refraining from activity on behalf of the union
E) joining a union not recognized by the employer
55) Which law permits states to pass right-to-work laws?
A) the Taft-Hartley Act
B) the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
C) the Landrum-Griffin
D) the Hatch Act
E) the Maguire Act
56) Which statement is true of right-to-work laws?
A) They are federal laws that protect employees’ right to lifetime employment.
B) They are state laws that make union shops, maintenance of membership, and agency shops
illegal.
C) They are laws that protect the right of unions to insist that the employer hire only union
members.
D) They are laws that allow terminating an existing contract and striking for a new one without
notifying the employer.
E) They are federal laws that ensure that all union members get pension benefits.
57) Identify the right of employees that is covered under the Taft-Hartley Act.
A) the right to nominate candidates for union office
B) the right to participate in union meetings and secret-ballot elections
C) the right to choose whether they join a union or other group
D) the right to examine unions’ financial records
E) the right to physically block nonstriking employees from entering the workplace
58) Identify the law that regulates unions’ actions with reference to their members, including
financial disclosure and the conduct of elections.
A) the Hatch Act
B) the Taft-Hartley Act
C) the Landrum-Griffin Act
D) the Civil Service Reform Act
E) the Maguire Act
59) The National Labor Relations Board has two major functions: one is to prevent unfair labor
practices, and the other one is to
A) conduct periodic onsite inspections of union and company financial records.
B) conduct and certify representation elections.
C) make rules and regulations for union-management relations.
D) levy punitive charges on violators.
E) monitor and regulate labor relations in small, local businesses.
60) The National Labor Relations Board certifies a union as the exclusive representative of a
group of employees when
A) the management of an organization approves of a union.
B) a union pays its dues to the board.
C) at least 51 percent of the employees join the union within a certain time (30 days) after
beginning employment.
D) a majority of workers vote in favor of a union.
E) the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations votes in favor of
a union.
61) The ________ has the authority for certifying or decertifying a union through an election.
A) American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO)
B) Small Business Association (SBA)
C) National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
D) Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
E) Selective Service System (SSS)
62) Identify the category of employees excluded by the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
from participating in organizing activities.
A) employees in multiple facilities within a single employer
B) employees covered by multiple employers
C) employees with managerial duties
D) employees who have been on strike for economic reasons for less than one year and who have
been replaced by other employees
E) employees who have a community of interest in their wages, hours, and working conditions
63) What is true of how the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) carries out the function of
preventing unfair labor practices?
A) The deadline for filing a charge is twelve months after the alleged unfair practice.
B) The NLRB has no authority to issue cease-and-desist orders to halt unfair labor.
C) The board can order the employer to reinstate workers but cannot order them to pay back pay.
D) The NLRB is not authorized to set aside the results of an election and must approach the
courts for this purpose.
E) If an employer or union refuses to comply with an NLRB order, the board has the authority to
petition the U.S. Court of Appeals.
64) Athelia and Annabelle work at Starving Artists Inc. Athelia claims that forming a union can
help enhance workers’ bargaining power with management. Annabelle, however, argues that it is
quite challenging to form a union. Which statement strengthens Annabelle’s argument?
A) Unionized employees have low negotiating power with the management.
B) A union needs to convince a majority of workers to have a common goal.
C) Union workers generally have lower productivity than nonunion workers.
D) A union’s goals must always contradict the employer’s goals.
E) A union must only include members with highly conceptual skills who can easily deal with
conflict resolution.
65) What is the minimum percent of employees in a bargaining unit who must sign authorization
cards for the National Labor Relations Board to hold a union representation election?
A) 30 percent
B) 51 percent
C) 20 percent
D) 10 percent
E) 55 percent
66) During an organizing campaign, what occurs when union representatives make contact with
employees, present their message about the union, and invite them to sign an authorization card?
A) The unions determine who is eligible to vote.
B) The union is automatically recognized if at least 30 percent of employees agree.
C) The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) conducts a secret-ballot election if only 30 to 50
percent of employees signed cards.
D) The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) certifies the union as the exclusive
representative of employees if the employer refuses to sign the card.
E) The employees cannot participate in any of the proceedings.
67) Home Decor Factory and a union conducting an organizing campaign agree on the time and
place of an election and a way to determine who can vote. Which type of election does this
scenario best describe?
A) stipulation election
B) decertification election
C) union election
D) agreement election
E) consent election
68) Identify the guideline that should be followed by a supervisor to discourage unions.
A) promise employees that they will receive favorable terms or conditions of employment if they
forgo union activity
B) threaten employees with harsher terms and conditions of employment or employment loss if
they engage in union activity
C) limit direct contact with employees
D) interrogate employees about pro-union or anti-union sentiments that they or others may have
E) report any direct or indirect signs of union activity to a core management group
69) Landon, an HR manager, heard from other managers that there was talk of a union
organizing effort at his company. Landon saw no signs of a union at work, so he downplayed the
rumors. Therefore, he was caught by surprise when the union presented authorization cards and a
request for a representation election. Which statement best explains the flaw in Landon’s
reasoning about the organizing effort?
A) For the organizing process to continue, at least 30 percent of the employees must sign an
authorization card.
B) In an election, workers may have a choice from among more than one union.
C) In most organizing efforts, there is a hotly contested election campaign.
D) Unions usually launch an organizing campaign by discussing issues with employees at home.
E) Regulations forbid unions from using online databases to identify issues of interest to
particular workers.
70) Which term refers to a substitute arrangement of union membership in which members
receive discounts on insurance and credit cards rather than representation in collective
bargaining?
A) card-check provision
B) corporate union membership
C) indirect union provision
D) associate union membership
E) relational union membership
71) One of the substitutes for traditional organizing is to conduct ________, which bring(s)
financial, political, or public pressure on employers during union organization and contract
negotiation.
A) collective coercion
B) corporate campaigns
C) indirect provisions
D) associate campaigns
E) social campaigns
72) Which statement best describes a card-check provision?
A) It is an arrangement that allows the employer, on behalf of the union, to automatically deduct
union dues from the employees’ paychecks.
B) It is an agreement that if a certain percentage of employees sign an authorization card, the
employer will recognize their union representation.
C) It is an alternative form of union membership in which members receive discounts on
insurance and credit cards rather than representation in collective bargaining.
D) It is a formal and binding pledge by the employer not to oppose organizing efforts elsewhere
in the company.
E) It is a formal and binding pledge by at least 51 percent of employees to not unionize.
73) The hourly employees at Cardiac Health System are dissatisfied with their union. They find
that the management at Cardiac Health System communicates openly and treats them with
respect in resolving problems, so they don’t see much value in paying dues to a union. What
option do the employees have in this situation?
A) They may negotiate for a neutrality provision to neutralize the union’s authority.
B) They must accept the union, because they voted for representation in a lawful manner.
C) They can request an immediate decertification election.
D) They can call for a decertification election to take place when their contract term ends.
E) They can request that their union representative terminate the union contract.
74) Representatives of management at Steel of Strength and of the union representing its workers
are preparing to negotiate contract provisions related to job security. Which topics are most
likely to be included in this round of contract negotiations?
A) work rules, rest periods, and hours of work
B) health insurance, pension plans, and bonuses
C) application of rules to apprentices and employees who are veterans
D) training programs, transfer arrangements, and relocation allowances
E) grievance procedures, job classifications, and production standards
75) Collective bargaining differs from one situation to another in terms of
A) bargaining provisions.
B) bargaining structure.
C) bargaining campaigns.
D) bargaining strategies.
E) bargaining techniques.
76) In collective bargaining, the term ________ refers to the range of employees and employers
covered by the contract.
A) arbitrated team
B) bargaining structure
C) union leverage
D) differentiated group
E) associate mediation
77) What depicts the most complex bargaining structure in collective bargaining?
A) a craft union representing one facility
B) a teachers’ union representing a large city’s school district
C) a craft union representing employees in two facilities of one company
D) an industrial union representing all hourly employees of several companies
E) a carpenters’ union representing the employees of one construction firm
78) Jake, a manager at Wishful Company, is concerned because negotiations with the union are
breaking down, and the union is discussing a strike. What would be the major harm from
management’s perspective?
A) The company would have to hire replacement workers, and they might be more productive.
B) When the company does not have enough workers, production output will fall.
C) Employees will call off the strike if they do not receive pay from their employer.
D) Employees are rarely serious when they threaten to go on strike.
E) Employees will decide they are better off without union representation.
79) During contract negotiations, the union representing the teachers in District 52 is calling for a
strike if the union’s demands aren’t met by the end of the week. A new school board member is
worried about school shutting down and suggests directing the negotiators to accept the union’s
demands. A more experienced board member says the teachers also have reasons for not wanting
to strike. What would be one of the most likely reasons for teachers not wanting to strike?
A) The school board member will picket the schools during the strike.
B) The union will likely be able to make up for some pay during the strike.
C) The janitors’ union will refuse to cross the teachers’ picket lines.
D) The district will not pay the teachers while they are on strike.
E) During a strike, the employer excludes workers from the workplace.