90) Which of the following is an action taken by organized labor to respond to the increased
bargaining power of multinational corporations?
A) trying to establish international labor organizations
B) increasing competition between national unions
C) lobbying the European Union for legislation to restrict multinationals
D) trying to achieve international regulations on multinationals through such organizations as the
United Nations
91) What was the long-term goal of international trade secretariats (ITSs)?
A) to increase the competition between national unions
B) to be able to bargain transnationally with multinational firms
C) to accommodate wide variation in union structure
D) to be able to regulate multinationals with regard to labor policies
92) The international trade secretariats (ITS) have had virtually no real success. Which of the
following is a cause of the ITSs’ ineffectiveness?
A) National unions compete with each other to attract investment from international businesses.
B) The structure and ideology of unions tend to be very similar from country to country.
C) Organized labor has had overwhelming success in its efforts to get national and international
bodies to regulate multinationals.
D) The codes of conduct developed by International Labor Organization and the Organization for
Economic Cooperation and Development prevented the ITSs from exercising absolute power.
93) Which of the following is true regarding approaches to labor relations?
A) International businesses use mostly similar approaches to international labor relations.
B) The trend is toward greater decentralized control of international labor relations.
C) Historically, most international businesses have centralized the labor relations function.
D) Many firms are now using the threat to move production to another country in their negotiations
with unions.
94) Unions’ bargaining power is
A) largely derived from their ability to threaten to disrupt production.
B) rooted in their government backing.
C) largely derived from their ability to control corporate managers.
D) rooted in their financial resources.
95) Trade unions around the world
A) developed simultaneously and in coordination with each other.
B) are widely varied in their structure.
C) have virtually the same ideology.
D) employ the same union structure.
96) From a strategic perspective, the key issue in international labor relations is the degree to
which organized labor can
A) improve the profitability of the company.
B) enhance the choices of an international business.
C) increase the integration and consolidation of global operations.
D) limit the choices of an international business.
97) What is human resource management? Why is HRM an important strategic component?
98) What are the three types of staffing policies in international business? Briefly describe each
one. Which is the most attractive approach and why?
99) Why should a firm pursue an ethnocentric approach to staffing? What are the disadvantages of
this approach?
100) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a polycentric approach to staffing.
101) How can the polycentric approach to staffing result in the creation of a “federation” within the
firm? Why is this a disadvantage for the firm?