978-1259892707 Test Bank Part VIII Jazz

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Part VIII

Jazz

1. Which of the following composers was not influenced by jazz?

A. Maurice Ravel

2. Which of the following jazz elements is not derived from West African traditions?

D. Strongly emphasized improvisation

3. Although jazz began in bars and brothels, it is now considered ______.

A. an outdated form of music

4. When a voice is answered by an instrument, or when one instrument (or group of instruments) is answered by a chorus, the

pattern is referred to as ______.

A. jazz

5. The immediate sources of jazz include ______.

A. the American band tradition

6. The backbone of a jazz ensemble is its ______.

A. director

7. The rhythm section of a jazz ensemble usually does not include the ______.

A. banjo/guitar

8. Jazz performers sometimes “bend” tones to ______.

D. follow the conductor’s directions

9. In jazz, each statement of the basic harmonic pattern or melody is called a ______.

A. riff

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Feedback: Often, jazz improvisations are based not on a melody but on a harmonic pattern, or series of chords. This harmonic

pattern will be repeated over and over while the improviser creates melodies above it. Each statement of this basic harmonic

pattern or melody is called a chorus.

10. Ragtime flourished in the United States ______.

A. just before the Civil War

11. Ragtime’s legacy for jazz includes ______.

D. All answers are correct.

12. Ragtime is _______.

A. a style of composed piano music

13. Which of the following statements is not true?

A. Scott Joplin composed the Maple Leaf Rag as a tribute to the saloon in Sedalia, Missouri, where he worked as a pianist.

14. Which of the following statements is not true?

D. Ragtime music is generally in duple meter and is performed at a moderate march tempo.

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Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Learning Objective: Describe the elements and substyles of jazz

Topic: Ragtme

Feedback: The acknowledged “king of ragtime” was Scott Joplin. King Oliver is associated with New Orleans Dixieland jazz.

15. Treemonisha is a(n) _______________ by Scott Joplin.

D. march

16. Maple Leaf Rag was named ______.

A. as a tribute to Canada, where Joplin was well received

17. Which of the following categories of black folk music is not considered one of the sources for the blues?

A. The field hollers of slaves

18. The poetic and musical form of the blues was popularized in the early years of the twentieth century through the publication

of Memphis Blues and St. Louis Blues, composed by ______.

A. Bessie Smith

19. The blues ______.

A. usually follow a 12-bar pattern as a basis for improvisation

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C. may be vocal or instrumental

D. All answers are correct.

20. Blues music is usually written in ________ time.

D. 2/4

21. The chord progression usually used in the blues involves only three basic chords: tonic, dominant, and ______.

A. supertonic

22. The most famous blues singer of the 1920s, known as the “empress of the blues,” was ______.

D. Ella Fitzgerald

23. Storyville, the main home of early jazz, was a famous New Orleans ______.

A. concert hall

24. The musical life of New Orleans at the beginning of the twentieth century included _______.

A. opera and chamber music

25. Which of the following statements is not true?

D. Most early jazz performers in New Orleans were untrained musicians who played by ear and relied on improvisation.

26. New Orleans style Dixieland flourished in the United States ______.

A. from the 1860s to about 1890

27. The major center of jazz from about 1900 to 1917 was ______.

D. Kansas City

28. The “front line” of a Dixieland group included ______.

C. piano

D. All answers are correct.

29. The melodic instruments, or cornet, clarinet, and trombone, of a Dixieland band were known as the ______.

30. “Scat singing,” which Louis Armstrong introduced into jazz, is ______.

D. not being able to sing on pitch

31. The most distinctive feature of New Orleans style jazz was ______.

A. the use of a saxophone for the melody

32. The jazz style called swing flourished in America from ______.

A. 1900 to 1917

33. A new respectability for jazz was symbolized in 1938 when Benny Goodman gave an historic concert at ______.

D. Dreamland Ballroom, Chicago

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Bloom’s: Remember

Learning Objective: Describe the elements and substyles of jazz

Topic: Swing

Feedback: Jazz, the kind of music once associated with honky-tonks and brothels had achieved a new respectability, symbolized

by Benny Goodman’s historic jazz concert at Carnegie Hall in 1938.

34. The rhythm section of a swing band normally consisted of ______.

D. piano, percussion, and guitar

35. The typical form of a swing composition is ______.

D. 24-bar AAB

36. The typical swing band had about fifteen musicians, grouped into these three sections.

A. Saxophones, trumpets, and trombones

37. One of the most important solo instruments of the swing era was the ______.

A. cornet

38. Short repeated melodic phrases frequently used during the swing era are called ______.

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C. gigs

D. tags

39. One of the leading figures in the history of jazz, and the composer of such compositions as Black, Brown, and Beige and

Sophisticated Lady, is ______.

D. Cootie Williams

40. Duke Ellington was an important figure in ______.

D. All answers are correct.

41. Duke Ellington’s compositions are outstanding because they ______.

A. have a rich variety of tone colors

42. Bebop differed from earlier jazz forms in that it _______.

A. used simple harmonies

43. Bebop, as a musical style, developed in the _______.

A. 1930s

44. In bebop, the beat of the music was mainly marked by the ______.

A. piano

45. A typical bebop group might include ______.

A. two lead guitars, bass guitar, and drums

46. One of the greatest of all jazz improvisers and a towering figure among bebop musicians was the saxophonist _______.

D. Dizzy Gillespie

47. A bebop performance generally began and ended with ______.

D. free sections by the rhythm instruments to set the beat and tempo

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Feedback: Bebop performances generally began and ended with a statement of the main melody (often derived from a popular

song or 12-bar blues) by a soloist, or by two soloists in unison.

48. The following can be said about free jazz.

A. It disregarded regular forms and established chord patterns.

49. A style of music that blends “classical” music with jazz, as exemplified by Gunther Schuller and others, is known as ______.

A. free jazz

50. Cool jazz ______.

D. All answers are correct.

51. Cool jazz emerged ______.

A. between 1924 and 1935

52. Which of the following is not associated with cool jazz?

D. Miles Davis

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Learning Objective: Describe the elements and substyles of jazz

Topic: Cool jazz

Feedback: Miles Davis, Stan Getz, and Lennie Tristano are all considered important figures in cool jazz. Ornette Coleman is

associated with free jazz.

53. Which of the following statements is not true?

A. The jazz style that was related to bop but was far more calm and relaxed in character was called “cool jazz”

in contrast to the “hot jazz” of an earlier era.

54. Who were the leading figures in the free jazz movement?

A. Charlie Parker and Thelonious Monk

55. John Coltrane’s use of drones and unusual scales may be explained by his ______.

A. lack of formal training

56. Which of the following is not a characteristic of fusion?

D. Acoustic instruments are often used with electric attachments that expand the range of tonal effects.

57. The bebop musician who spearheaded developments in cool jazz and then jazz rock is ______.

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A. Miles Davis

B. Dizzy Gillespie

C. Thelonious Monk

D. Charlie Parker