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International Marketing, 18e (Cateora)
Chapter 3 History and Geography: The Foundations Of Culture
1) A country’s history influences business decisions such as market entry and personnel
decisions.
2) Confucian philosophy, taught throughout Japan’s history, emphasizes the basic virtue of
loyalty to the country.
3) Working as individuals, rather than together, for a common cause is a fundamental belief in
Japanese behavior.
4) Recording of historic events by historians belonging to different cultures gives us a subjective
view of history.
5) Mexico’s attitude toward America is accurately summed up in the statement—“Geography has
made us neighbors, tradition has made us friends.”
6) In the context of U.S. foreign policies, the Monroe Doctrine, in its broadest interpretation,
meant that the United States surrendered occupation of Cuba to the Soviet Union.
7) Manifest Destiny was used to justify the U.S. annexation of Texas, Oregon, New Mexico, and
California.
8) The Monroe Doctrine dictated that there would be no further European colonization in the
New World.
9) The Roosevelt Corollary played a significant role in the U.S. acquisition of the Panama Canal.
10) In the context of U.S. foreign policies, the Roosevelt Corollary paved the way for non-
American intervention in Latin American affairs.
11) An accurate depiction of the Roosevelt Corollary is “whatever is good for the United States
is justifiable.”
12) To understand a country’s attitudes, prejudices, and fears, it is necessary to look beyond the
surface of current events to the inner subtleties of the country’s entire past for clues.
13) Altitude, humidity, and temperature extremes are climatic features that affect the uses and
functions of products and equipment.
14) While temperatures and rainfall affect trade because they can vary, geographical conditions
such as mountains and oceans do not have an effect on trade.
15) Countries that suffer the most from major natural calamities are among the poorest in the
world.
16) In the context of social responsibility and environmental management, the United States
continues to be the world’s top pollution-causing nation.
17) The process of controlling industrial wastes leads to the issue of disposal of hazardous waste,
a by-product of pollution controls.
18) In the context of social responsibility and environmental management, the Basel Convention
identified safe dumping zones for hazardous wastes exported by developed nations.
19) The United States leads the fight against pollution with the most stringent greenhouse
emission standards in the world.
20) In the context of social responsibility and environmental management, sustainable
development is about protecting the environment at all costs.
21) Sustainable development is often frowned upon in the United States because consumers are
more interested in style than sustainability.
22) One of the foundations of modern technology is the ability to generate energy because
nations are not equal in their ability to produce energy.
23) In much of the underdeveloped world, human labor is the prevalent source of energy.
24) A major reason why China is inefficient in oil usage is because of outdated technology.
25) The amount of renewable energy resources such as wood and solar power has decreased
sharply in the last decade.
26) China has emerged as the most efficient user of energy worldwide.
27) According to some economists, economic prosperity is a factor that leads to the decline in
fertility rates.
28) Currently, the developing world has a growing population while the industrialized world’s
population is declining.
29) North America is the region of the world most affected by a steadily declining worker-to–
retiree ratio.
30) Continuous improvements in electronic communications have facilitated the expansion of
trade.
31) The Boston Tea Party is an example of how U.S. history really begins with China because
A) China placed a tax on the British who in turn taxed the colonists.
B) the British prohibited American traders from dealing directly with China.
C) the British recognized China as a more valuable market.
D) China attempted to export tea into the colonies.
E) most colonists had genealogical roots in China.
32) The ________ was a political protest against the British taxing system.
A) Hong Kong Revolution
B) Boston Tea Party
C) Taiping Rebellion
D) First Opium War
E) Canton Uprising
33) Which commodity dominated the trade between Britain and China during the early 1800s?
A) bamboo
B) mother-of-pearl
C) silk
D) tea
E) porcelain
34) What commodity did the English East India Company turn to in order to help Britain erase
the tea-caused trade deficit with China during the 1800s?
A) watches
B) betel nuts
C) diamonds
D) textiles
E) opium
35) What was the result of the First Opium War between the British and China?
A) China ceded Hong Kong to Britain.
B) Hong Kong was displaced to China at a cost of $10 million pounds.
C) China blockaded all British ports.
D) Opium was legalized to make trading easier for both countries.
E) No taxes were allowed to be levied on opium imports or exports.
36) The opium wars resulted in a loss of confidence in the Chinese government that led to the
revolt known as the Taiping Rebellion. How many Chinese lives were lost in this rebellion?
A) 2 million
B) 40,000
C) 400,000
D) 20–40 million
E) 2.4 million
37) Which event is one of the pivotal factors behind the wariness of the Chinese leadership
toward foreign influences in general, and religious movements in particular, even today?
A) the Boxer Revolution
B) the Satsuma Rebellion
C) the Nanjing Rebellion
D) the Hong Kong Revolution
E) the Taiping Rebellion
38) What event ultimately became about foreign access to Chinese trade?
A) the Boxer Revolution
B) the Satsuma Rebellion
C) the Vietnam War
D) the Louisiana Purchase
E) the Opium Wars
39) How did the British respond in 1839 after the Emperor of China ordered the destruction of
opium inventories in Canton?
A) The British taxed China for existing inventories.
B) The British sunk ships in the Pearl River.
C) The British opened all Chinese ports.
D) The British joined forces with China and also destroyed its inventories.
E) The British made an agreement with America for opium supplies.
40) Japan was an isolated country before the arrival of ________ in 1853.
A) Marco Polo
B) Admiral Halsey
C) Commodore Perry
D) Admiral Pennington
E) the East India Company
41) Which of the following may best explain why the Japanese have such strong loyalty toward
their companies?
A) Zen philosophy
B) Taoism
C) Confucian philosophy
D) Buddhism
E) Bushido philosophy
42) During the early 1800s, the British taste for tea was creating a huge trade deficit for Britain
with what country?
A) France
B) Italy
C) Belgium
D) Finland
E) China
43) According to Confucian philosophy, above all else, loyalty should be given to
A) family.
B) spouse.
C) parents.
D) company.
E) country.
44) What event occurred during the Mexican Revolution?
A) the overthrowing of dictator Ernesto Zedillo
B) the youth movement against religion
C) the nationalization of Mexican oil industry
D) the expulsion of North American businessmen
E) the support of French arms for revolutionaries
45) On September 13, the president of Mexico, the cabinet, and diplomatic corps assemble to
recall “despojo territorial.” What is its significance?
A) U.S. troops claimed 890,000 square miles of land that became Arizona, California, New
Mexico, and Texas.
B) U.S. border officials allowed the peaceful crossing of Mexican citizens into the United States.
C) Trade barriers were lifted between Mexico and the U.S.
D) U.S. and Mexican soldiers defeated the Chinese attempt to take over this land.
E) Mexico joined forces with Europe to defeat the U.S. attempt to purchase Louisiana.
46) Which event, leading to the overthrowing of the dictator Díaz, is particularly remembered for
the expulsion of foreigners—most notably North American businessmen who were the most
visible of the wealthy and influential entrepreneurs?
A) the Madero Rebellion
B) the Mexican Revolution
C) the Los Niños Rebellion
D) the Mexican-American War
E) the San Patricios Revolution
47) History helps us understand why nations behave the way they do. For this reason, most
historians try to present information
A) anonymously.
B) objectively.
C) simultaneously.
D) verbally.
E) subjectively.
48) Which statement most accurately reflects the feelings of most Mexicans toward the United
States in terms of the economy?
A) Mexicans trust and favor the United States above other trading partners.
B) Mexicans prefer Europeans over the United States with respect to trade.
C) Mexico considers the United States a protector who will help it emerge as a world power.
D) Mexicans see the United States as a threat to their political, economic, and cultural
independence.
E) Mexicans see the United States as a land of abundant opportunity and good fortune.
49) Citizens of the United States felt that the Monroe Doctrine provided
A) an opportunity for Latin America to become a superpower among nations.
B) excessive tariffs on imported goods.
C) higher priced goods in the United States.
D) protection for Latin America from European colonization.
E) a message to Latin America that Russia was in control.
50) Which policy implied that Latin America was only for the United States and European
countries should not attempt to control it?
A) Monroe Doctrine
B) Manifest Destiny
C) Confucian philosophy
D) Taiping Rebellion pact
E) Opium war treaty