82) Why is Estonia’s economic growth since independence from the Soviet Union outpacing the
other Baltic nations?
A) It took up the ruble.
B) It nationalized all companies and land.
C) The state helped all its struggling banks.
D) It adopted the freest trading regime of the three Baltic nations.
E) It joined the European Union immediately after its independence in 1992.
83) Most eastern European countries are privatizing state-owned enterprises, establishing free
market pricing systems, and
A) introducing autarchic trade policies.
B) increasing trade barriers.
C) wrestling with inflation.
D) making import controls stringent.
E) switching to a socialistic economy.
84) One reason Yugoslavia has been facing internal strife is due to
A) reunification with Slovenia.
B) European Parliament sanctions.
C) adoption of Marxist–socialist policies.
D) rise of autocracy.
E) ethnic divisions.
85) The first Soviet republics to declare independence from the Soviet Union were
A) the Russian SFSR.
B) the Ukrainian SSR.
C) the Baltic states.
D) the Falkland Islands.
E) the Newly Independent States.
86) Which is the trade group that is part of Europe and Asia, has emerged and persisted since the
dissolution of the Soviet Union, and is composed of all the republics except the Baltic states?
A) the European Union East
B) the Commonwealth of Independent States
C) the Eastern Bloc Economic Area
D) the European Free Trade Association
E) the Euro-Soviet Union
87) What is a provision of the commonwealth agreement signed by the Commonwealth of
Independent States?
A) to reject the powers of the old regimes
B) to keep the ruble but allow new currencies
C) to create disjointed control of nuclear weapons
D) to invalidate all Soviet foreign treaties and debt obligations
E) to avoid creating a European Union–style free trade association
88) The Commonwealth of Independent States is
A) a political alliance with a central government.
B) an economic and political alliance with open borders but no central government.
C) an economic and political alliance with closed borders and one central government.
D) a federation of many states.
E) a supranational organization similar to the old European community.
89) When the Soviet Union dissolved, the ________ emerged that had 12 members that agreed to
a loose economic and political alliance with open borders but no central government.
A) European Trade Pact
B) Commonwealth of Independent States
C) Eurasian Alliance
D) Russian Confederation
E) Post-Soviet Bloc
90) ECOWAS, SADC, and EAC are active regional cooperative groups in
A) North America.
B) Australia.
C) Africa.
D) Europe.
E) Asia.
91) What has hampered the conferences held by the United Nations Economic Commission for
Africa from bringing about economic integration?
A) governmental inexperience
B) depletion of natural resources
C) excessive influx of products
D) lack of beneficial funds
E) excess of cheap labor
92) What makes the South African market an important base for serving nearby African markets
that are too small to be considered individually?
A) the rise of communism in South Africa
B) the South African market’s developed infrastructure
C) the economic embargo imposed by the United Nations
D) the existence of inward-looking trade and investment policies
E) the South African government’s nationalization initiative
93) South Africa is most likely to experience rapid economic growth in as few as 10 years owing
to
A) the rise of communism.
B) its induction into the ASEAN.
C) its industrial base.
D) the economic embargo by the UN.
E) the decoupling of small African markets from it.
94) What is the most advanced and viable of Africa’s regional organizations?
A) Economic Community of West African States
B) African Development Bank
C) Southern African Development Community
D) Organization of African Unity
E) Economic Community of Central African States
95) What is a reason for East Asia’s economic success?
A) the availability of an extraordinarily rich land
B) the existence of a common currency
C) the implementation of Marxist–socialist policies
D) the rise of autocracy
E) the emphasis placed on education and healthcare
96) ________ has the potential to become the newest BEM, but its development will depend on
government action and external investment by other governments and multinational firms.
A) South Africa
B) Canada
C) Japan
D) Singapore
E) Britain
97) What is a consequence of the creation of large mass markets?
A) It will cripple businesses accustomed to mass production and mass distribution.
B) It will increase the significance of small national markets.
C) It will lead to decreased purchasing power.
D) It will increase import tariffs worldwide by at least 70 percent.
E) It will lead to an overall drop in international trade.
98) What has facilitated the adoption of the euro among EU countries?
A) increased complexity of online marketing.
B) the elimination of parallel imports.
C) an increase in European import tariffs by 60 percent.
D) easily recognizable price differentials.
E) a decrease in the toughness of market competition in Europe.
99) Briefly explain the concept of a multinational market region, and explain why they are
important today.
100) Successful economic union requires favorable economic, political, cultural, and geographic
factors. Briefly explain how these four factors impact regional integration.
101) What is the purpose of the regional cooperation for development?
102) Compare and contrast the concepts of free trade area, customs union, common market, and
political union.
103) What is a commonwealth? Discuss the features of this form of economic integration.
104) What was the intent of the Maastricht Treaty, and what has been its result?
105) Discuss the functions of each of the four institutions under the European Union.
106) Discuss the expansion of the European Union. What are some of the issues faced by
existing members as a result of the expansion?
107) What countries make up the Commonwealth of Independent States? How does this group
work?
108) Describe the opportunities offered by economic integration.