59.
A production process where the workers are stationary and a moving conveyor belt takes
the product on to the next workstation (so that it is assembled in a fixed sequence) is
known as ________.
A.
pull production
B.
mass production
C.
batch production
D.
lean manufacturing
In a product layout, machines are organized so that each operation needed to manufacture
a product is performed at workstations arranged in a fixed sequence. Typically, workers
are stationary in this arrangement, and a moving conveyor belt takes the product being
worked on to the next workstation so that it is progressively assembled. Mass production
is the familiar name for this layout.
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Inputs
60.
A production process in which the product goes to whichever workstation is needed to
perform the next operation is known as a ________ layout.
A.
process
B.
fixed-position
C.
product
D.
cellular
In a process layout, workstations are not organized in a fixed sequence. Rather, each
workstation is relatively self-contained, and a product goes to whichever workstation is
needed to perform the next operation to complete the product.
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Inputs
61.
A product layout is most likely to be used in a ________ assembly line.
A.
jet aircraft
B.
car
C.
gas turbine
D.
custom furniture
In a product layout, machines are organized so that each operation needed to manufacture
a product is performed at workstations arranged in a fixed sequence. Typically, workers
are stationary, and a moving conveyor belt takes the product being worked on to the next
workstation so that it is progressively assembled. Mass production is the familiar name for
this layout; car assembly lines are the best-known example.
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Inputs
62.
A process layout often ________ efficiency and is well suited for ________ products.
A.
reduces; custom-made
B.
increases; custom-made
C.
reduces; mass-produced
D.
increases; mass-produced
A process layout provides the flexibility needed to change the product. Such flexibility,
however, often reduces efficiency because it is expensive.
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: 3 Hard
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Inputs
63.
A production process where component parts are produced throughout the factory and
then brought to the production area for final assembly is known as a ________ layout.
A.
process
B.
product
C.
fixed-position
D.
kanban
In a fixed-position layout, the product stays in a fixed position. Its component parts are
produced in remote workstations and brought to the production area for final assembly.
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Inputs
64.
In production process, a jet airplane assembly line would be an example of a ________
layout.
A.
product
B.
process
C.
fixed-position
D.
hybrid
A fixed-position layout is commonly used for products such as jet airlines, mainframe
computers, and gas turbines—products that are complex and difficult to assemble or so
large that moving them from one workstation to another would be difficult.
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Inputs
65.
In production process, a mainframe computer assembly line is an example of a ________
facilities layout.
A.
product
B.
process
C.
fixed-position
D.
flexible manufacturing
A fixed-position layout is commonly used for products such as jet airlines, mainframe
computers, and gas turbines—products that are complex and difficult to assemble or so
large that moving them from one workstation to another would be difficult.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Inputs
66.
A fixed-position layout is most likely to be used in production of ________.
A.
aircraft carriers
B.
custom furniture
C.
beer bottling
D.
clothing
A fixed-position layout is commonly used for products such as jet airlines, mainframe
computers, and gas turbines—products that are complex and difficult to assemble or so
large that moving them from one workstation to another would be difficult.
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Inputs
67.
A process layout provides the flexibility needed to change the product. Such flexibility,
however, often reduces efficiency because ________.
A.
changes are disruptive
B.
it is expensive
C.
standardization is impossible
D.
it is time-consuming to install
A process layout provides the flexibility needed to change the product. Such flexibility,
however, often reduces efficiency because it is expensive.
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Inputs
68.
The idea of flexible manufacturing systems is chiefly based on reducing ________.
A.
inventory costs
B.
setup time
C.
employee fatigue
D.
machine-worker interface
Flexible manufacturing is the set of operations management techniques that aim to reduce
the time required to set up production equipment.
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Topic: Inputs
69.
Reduced setup times lead to reduced ________ and increased ________.
A.
setup costs; efficiency
B.
efficiency; labor costs
C.
inventory costs; setup costs
D.
efficiency; inventory costs
If setup times for complex production equipment can be reduced, so can setup costs, and
efficiency will rise. If setup times can be reduced, the time that plant and employees
spend in actually producing something will increase.
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Inputs
70.
The operations management technique that attempts to reduce machine setup costs in
the production system is called ________.
A.
a facilities layout
B.
inventory management
C.
quality circles
D.
flexible manufacturing
Flexible manufacturing aims to reduce the time required to set up production equipment.
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Inputs
71.
A manufacturing organization using a JIT system can achieve major cost savings as a
result of ________ inventory turnover and ________ inventory holding costs.
A.
decreasing; decreasing
B.
increasing; increasing
C.
increasing; decreasing
D.
decreasing; increasing
JIT systems lead to major cost savings from increasing inventory turnover and reducing
inventory holding costs.
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Just-in–time (JIT) Inventory System
72.
One of the major advantages of a JIT system is that it ________.
A.
helps identify sources of defects in outputs
B.
ensures production lines have required inputs
C.
lets organizations spot defective inputs quickly
D.
eliminates inventory holding costs
Under a JIT inventory system, defective parts enter an organization’s production system
immediately; they are not warehoused for months before use. This means that defective
inputs can be quickly spotted.
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: 3 Hard
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Just-in–time (JIT) Inventory System
73.
The stock of materials, inputs, and parts an organization has on hand at a particular time
is called its ________.
A.
fixed assets
B.
intangible assets
C.
inventory
D.
surplus
Inventory is the stock of raw materials, inputs, and component parts that an organization
has on hand at a particular time.
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Inputs
74.
Under a JIT inventory system, parts and supplies arrive at the organization ________.
A.
prior to work-scheduling
B.
two weeks prior to being needed
C.
when needed
D.
twice a week
When an organization has a just-in-time inventory system, parts or supplies arrive at the
organization when they are needed, not before.
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Just-in–time (JIT) Inventory System
75.
A JIT inventory system is likely to result in ______.
A.
a buffer stock of inventory
B.
additional inventory holding costs
C.
increased inventory turnover
D.
decreased service levels
The JIT system is based on the delivery of components to the production line just as they
are needed and this leads to major cost savings from increasing inventory turnover and
reducing inventory holding costs.
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Just–in–time (JIT) Inventory System
76.
Parts arrive at the stage of the production process just when they are needed with a
________ inventory system.
A.
raw materials
B.
work-in-process
C.
finished goods
D.
JIT
When an organization has a just-in-time inventory system, parts or supplies arrive at the
organization when they are needed, not before.
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Just-in–time (JIT) Inventory System
77.
A JIT system ________.
A.
reduces inventory turnover
B.
reduces inventory holding costs
C.
increases warehousing costs
D.
increases buffer stock of inventory
A JIT system leads to major cost savings from increasing inventory turnover and reducing
inventory holding costs, such as warehousing and storage costs and the cost of capital
tied up in inventory. One drawback of JIT systems is that they leave an organization
without a buffer stock of inventory.
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Just-in–time (JIT) Inventory System
78.
A disadvantage of a JIT system is that it ________.
A.
increases inventory turnover
B.
reduces inventory holding costs
C.
ties up much capital in inventory
D.
leaves no buffer stock in inventory
A JIT system leads to major cost savings from increasing inventory turnover and reducing
inventory holding costs, such as warehousing and storage costs and the cost of capital
tied up in inventory. One drawback of JIT systems is that they leave an organization
without a buffer stock of inventory.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Just-in–time (JIT) Inventory System
79.
Linda takes a job with a manufacturing firm, and she is appointed to a self-managed work
team. As a member of a self-managed work team, she should expect to be involved in
________.
A.
learning all team tasks
B.
setting the company vision
C.
closely supervising the team
D.
reducing job-to-job movement
In self-managed work teams, team members learn all team tasks and move from job to
job. The members of each team also assume responsibility for work and vacation
scheduling, ordering materials, and hiring new members.
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: 3 Hard
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Inputs
80.
In a self-managed work team, ________.
A.
the typical team consists of 5 to 10 members
B.
each member specializes in any one area of work
C.
team members delegate responsibility to supervisors
D.
a tall organizational hierarchy is created
The typical team consists of from 5 to 15 employees who produce an entire product
instead of only parts of it. Team members learn all team tasks and move from job to job.
The result is a flexible workforce because team members can fill in for absent coworkers.
Cost savings arise from eliminating supervisors and creating a flatter organizational
hierarchy, which further increases efficiency.
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Inputs
81.
Responsibilities of a member of a self-managed work team are generally those of ________
in a non-self-managed work team.
A.
assembly line workers
B.
non-managerial employees
C.
top-level managers
D.
first-line managers
The members of self-managed work teams assume responsibility for work and vacation
scheduling, ordering materials, and hiring new members—previously all responsibilities of
first-line managers.
AACSB: Analytical Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 14-04 Explain why achieving superior efficiency is so important.
Topic: Inputs
82.
The radical redesign of the way work is done in order to achieve dramatic improvements in
critical measures of performance is known as ________.
A.
continuous improvement
B.
kanban
C.
kaizen
D.
process reengineering
Process reengineering is the fundamental rethinking and radical redesign of business
processes to achieve dramatic improvements in critical measures of performance such as
cost, quality, service, and speed.