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82. The lowest level of moral development in Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of ethical
reasoning is the _____ stage.
83. Which of the following is true of Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of ethical reasoning?
84. The stage in which an individual is focused on self-chosen ethical principles found to be
comprehensive and consistent is _____.
85. _____, demonstrated by someone's behavior, looks at ethics from an external rather
than an internal viewpoint.
86. In the context of ethical theories, a challenge takes the form of a dilemma in which the
decision one must make requires one to make a right choice knowing full well that one is:
87. By its very definition, a(n) _____ cannot really be resolved in the sense that a resolution
of the problem implies a satisfactory answer to the problem.
88. When ethical theories have to be put into practice, one moves into the area of _____.
89. A person is focused on self-chosen ethical principles that are found to be comprehensive
and consistent at the _____ stage of Kohlberg's stages of ethical reasoning.
Fill in the Blank Questions
90. _____ refers to a study of how people try to live their lives according to a standard of
"right" or "wrong" behavior.
91. A _____ refers to a structured community of people bound together by similar traditions
and customs.
92. _____ is a particular set of attitudes, beliefs, and practices that characterize a group of
individuals.
93. _____ refers to a set of personal principles formalized into a code of behavior.
94. The terms "_____" and "values" are often used to mean the same thing, a set of personal
principles by which one aims to live one's life.
95. An _____, such as happiness is a good thing in itself and is pursued for its own sake.
96. Money has _____ value, which means that money is valued for what it can buy rather than
for itself.
97. Stealing is wrong, but stealing food for a starving child would reflect a _____.
98. A _____ is just doing the right thing, and it is something most people can understand and
support.
99. The _____ is based on the assumption that one's pursuit of an ethical ideal will match
others' ethical ideals.
100. The problem with _____ is that societies can place different emphasis on different virtues.
101. _____ is an approach more focused on the outcome of one's actions rather than the
apparent virtue of the actions themselves.
102. Ethical choices that offer the greatest good for the greatest number of people refer to the
ethical approach, proposed by David Hume, known as _____.
103. Originally attributed to a German philosopher named Immanuel Kant, _____ argues that
there are certain and universal principles that should apply to all ethical judgments.
104. The idea of _____ implies some degree of flexibility as opposed to strict black-and-white
rules.
105. An _____ is a situation in which there is no obvious "right" or "wrong" decision, but rather a
"right" or "right" answer.
106. The first step in the three-step process for solving an ethical problem is to _____.
107. The final step in the three-step process for solving an ethical problem is to _____.
108. Kohlberg's framework offers us a clearer view into the process of ethical _____.
109. At the _____ stage of moral development, a person is focused on individual rights and the
development of standards based on critical examination.
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain an ethical dilemma and apply a process to resolve it.
Essay Questions
110. How do people arrive at the definition of what's right or wrong?
111. Differentiate between intrinsic and instrumental value.
112. Name and discuss the three categories of ethical theories.
113. Discuss at least one weakness of each of the ethical theories.
114. What is implied by the idea of ethical relativism?
