Electronic Media: Then, Now, and Later 3e
Norman J. Medoff and Barbara K. Kaye
TEST BANK: Chapter 13
True/False
1. The third-person effect refers to a phenomenon that affects about one in three people.
2. Although some people believe the government is responsible for regulating media content,
others believe it is the viewers’ responsibility to protect themselves and their children from
potentially offensive content.
3. Indecent content not intended for children may be broadcast without penalty during the safe
harbor.
4. Stereotypical images are not always negative, but even if not, they are still harmful.
5. Children cannot experience positive results, such as higher academic achievement, from
watching TV programs.
6. Researchers studying cultivation exclude fictional TV content because fiction does not
influence people’s perceptions.
7. Unlike playing videogames, Internet use has not been shown to be addictive.
8. Broadcast TV networks have standards and practices departments to implement censorship.
9. The uses and gratifications approach states that media and content choices are influenced by
inhibition and disinhibition.
10. Instrumental television use is goal oriented and content based.
11. Computer use has increased people’s ability to multitask effectively, which has improved
people’s concentration.
12. Social networking interactions, because they present collective identity tools, are not a form
of phatic communication.
13. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 mandated that all TV sets with screens over a certain
size be equipped with a V-chip or other means of blocking objectionable content.
14. Research has shown that there is no relationship between the amount of TV viewing and
children’s food consumption.
15. Obscenity restrictions in broadcasting are rooted in the Miller v. California court decision.
Multiple Choice
16. Which of these is most closely related to Albert Bandura’s Bobo doll experiments?
17. Which of these is most closely related to the belief that media have limited effects?
18. Which of these is most closely related to the belief that media have moderate effects?
19. Observing people viewing television in their own homes is an example of:
20. Expressions that are used only for social reasons instead of for sharing information are called
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C. collective identity formation tools.
D. all of the above
21. Catharsis is an example of what type of media effect?
22. Cultivation is an example of what type of media effect?
23. Increased anxiety is an example of what type of media effect?
24. The media effect of “arousal” is most unlike which of the following?
25. The major effects of viewing pornography are known as the four-factor syndrome; the factors
are desensitization, escalation, and _____.
26. Which theory believes that people who view a lot of television have a warped perception of
real life and view the world as a “mean” place?
27. Why might videogames have greater effects on users than television does?
28. The ability of news media to focus our attention and concerns on certain issues is known as
29. Which perspective assumes that individuals select media and content with specific purposes
in mind?
30. The tendency to view media messages that are consistent with our values and beliefs is most
closely associated with
31. The tendency to remember messages that have the most meaning for us is most closely
associated with
32. The tendency to change the meaning of a message so that it is consistent with our attitudes
and beliefs is most closely associated with
33. One of the first home gaming systems was the
34. Viewers who want to be like their favorite TV characters and who may take on similar
characteristics as those characters without actually copying their behaviors can be exhibiting
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D. desensitization.
35. Which of the following is true of the V-chip?