CHAPTER 2: PROJECT MANAGEMENT GROWTH: CONCEPTS AND
DEFINITIONS
(Difficulty: E = easy, M = medium, H = hard)
(M) 1. Typical cost overruns on government contracts in the early years of project
management reached:
A 20%
(E) 2. Which of the following techniques led to the acceptance of project management
D. The need for better management of smaller projects
(E) 3. The growth of project management came about more so from desire rather than
(M) 4. Industries that have _____ tasks and operate in a _____ environment demonstrated the
greatest need for project management.
D. complex; static
(M) 5. During the 1970s and 1980s, formal project management practices were put in place
because the constraints were _____ and _____ boundaries had to be crossed.
A. loose; several
D. Require little functional integration
(H) 7. Which of the following is not necessarily an obstacle to effective project management?
D. Unstable economy
(M) 8. Uncontrolled obstacles can result in:
A. Increased profits
(E) 9. Effective project management pushes decision making down in the organization
(M) 10. According to the text, which of the following is not a life cycle phase for project
management maturity?
(M) 11. Most people seem to believe that the most common driving force for maturity in
D. Customer expectations
(H) 12. If a company advertises on television that they consider themselves to be a solution
provider to satisfy your business needs, then their driving force was most likely:
A. Competitiveness
(H) 13. Which of the following is not a present view of project management?
A. Accomplishing more work in less time and with fewer people
(E) 14. Which of the following industry types has the greatest need for superior project
management performance?
D. Pure functional type
(E) 15. The major difference between projects and programs is usually:
A. Cost
(E) 16. Which category of projects would be most suited for a small project that stays in one
functional unit and is headed up by the functional manager?
D. Matrixed
(E) 17. Which category of projects would involve a large number of functional units where the
workers may be assigned either part-time or full-time?
A. Individual
(M) 18. Companies can become reasonably mature in project management by designing the
right support systems. In general, how much time usually elapses after maturity before
a company becomes excellent in project management execution?
A. 1 year
(H) 19. The primary difference between formal versus informal execution of a project is the:
A. Time constraint
(E) 20. For informal project management to be effective, which of the following must exist
among the project team?
A. Effective communications
(E) 21. All of the stakeholders involved in a project either directly or indirectly may have a
different definition of project success.
(E) 22. Which of the following is not a major benefit of using life cycle phases?
A. Providing structure to project management
(M) 23. The most difficult decision for a sponsor at the gate review meetings is to:
A. Allow the project to continue without an increase in the budget
(H) 24. Which of the following is generally not one of the five processes that historically were
integrated into an enterprise project management methodology?
D. Risk management
(M) 25. Historically, which functional organization provided the greatest resistance to project
management implementation?
D. Engineering