Chapter Seven: Person-Centered Counseling
1. As a child, Carl Rogers’s home life was all but which of the following?
2. As a young adult, Rogers’s life included:
3. Which of the following was not a notable award/event in Rogers’s life?
4. Which of the following works of Carl Rogers’ first presented some of his thoughts about a
nondirective approach to counseling?
5. The following individuals influenced Rogers in some manner. Pick the person(s) not accurately
matched with his or her (their) philosophy:
6. Although fascinated by the work by Otto Rank, Carl Rogers asserted that he relied primarily on which
of the following for the development of his theory?
7. A ground breaking article that Rogers wrote was at least partially responsible for his becoming known
as the most influential psychologist of the twentieth century. This article was titled:
8. After becoming disillusioned with higher education, Rogers did which of the following:
9. In the late 1960s, Rogers left his research position at WBSI and created the:
10. Which of the following best describes the person-centered theory belief that clients can change?
11. Carl Rogers participated in a series of debates that pitted Rogers’s with that of:
12. Some of Carl Rogers’ important work in the latter stages of his life included which of the following?
13. Some of the “human issues” with which Rogers struggled included all but which of the following?
14. Which of the following is not associated with person-centered counseling?
15. Rogers had a belief that reality for each person is a function of that person’s consciousness or
understanding of the world, and not something external to that person. This is called:
16. According to Rogers, people are born with:
17. The propensity for individuals to seek their full and unique potential is described by Carl Rogers as
which of the following?
18. According to Person-Centered theory, anxiety stems from:
19. Which is not true about a person’s need for positive regard?
20. The product of conditions or worth in conjunction with the individual’s organismic valuing process is
called_____________.
21. Conditions of worth are:
22. All of the following can be associated with a state of incongruence with the exception of:
a lack of awareness feelings
23. When a person does not perceive conditions of worth, the resulting incongruence leads toward
which of the following?
24. Which of the following describes the organismic valuing process?
25. According to person-centered theory, the organismic valuing process occurs:
26. Relative to choice in person-entered counseling, Rogers posited which of the following?
27. In person-centered counseling, ____________ is the process whereby the self directs the individual
rather than allowing others to direct the individual.
28. According to person-centered theory, as an individual becomes more self-determined and
autonomous, he or she would be said to be gaining in a(n):
29. Rogers believed that the ingredients for discovering one’s self are within each person; this belief was
the basis for Rogers’ tenet of:
30. Which is not one of Rogers’ “necessary and sufficient conditions”?
31. Rogers believed that a person who had participated in person-centered counseling would experience
all but which of the following?
32. All but which of the following are the kinds of changes one generally sees from involvement in
Person-Centered Counseling?
33. According to person-centered theory, if an individual develops behaviors antithetical to his
or her natural way of being, this would result in the creation of a self that is:
34. In person-centered counseling, the therapeutic relationship is:
35. Person-centered counseling stresses the importance of which counselor qualities?
36. The three core conditions of person-centered counseling include all of the following except:
37. Which “technique” are you least likely to see in person-centered counseling?
38. Congruence is:
39. A counselor has ongoing angry feelings toward a client and does not share them. According to
Rogers, this is likely to:
40. Relative to the counselor being congruent, it is important that he or she:
41. Which of the following statements best describes the term unconditional positive regard?
42. The use of unconditional positive regard generally results in all but which of the following?
43. Empathy is most closely associated with which of the following?
44. The ability to hear feelings beyond what the client is saying is called:
45. A client is nervously wriggling during a session, at which point the counselor says, “You seem rather
anxious today.” The client responds, “No, I feel just fine.” The counselor’s response was which of the
following?
46. To Rogers’s chagrin, his concept of empathic listening has evolved into what some counselors now
refer to as:
47. All but which of the following are ways in which one can make an empathic response:
48. “You should simply tell your wife that she was wrong!” How would the previous counselor
statement likely be rated according to the Carkhuff Scale?
49. The Carkhuff Scale can be used to measure:
50. What empathic response on the Carkhuff scale would indicate that the counselor minimally but
accurately reflected the client’s affect and meaning?
51. A counselor who accurately reflects client feelings at a deeper level than the client was able to
express on his or her is which of the following on the Carkhuff Scale?
52. The beginning person-centered counselor often finds it easy to learn to make ________ empathic
responses but will eventually become comfortable making ________ empathic responses.
53. Although the principles of person-centered counseling can be applied if you meet with the client
once or for five years, today person-centered counseling general lasts from:
54. A condition warranting caution by the clinician in utilizing a person-centered approach is which of
the following?
55. One should probably be wary of using a person-centered approach in all but which of the following
circumstances?
56. An example of a presenting problem which may not be best suited for the Person-Centered
approach is:
57. All but which of the following is true regarding spirituality and person-centered counseling?
58. All but which of the following are true regarding Rogers’ own research of person-centered
counseling?
59. The effective use of empathy may be contingent on all but which of the following?
60. Research conducted by Carl Rogers and his staff was considered to be groundbreaking because of
the utilization of which of the following?
61. Research conducted by Carl Rogers and his staff often measured success in client outcome by
evaluating which of the following?
True/False
1. Person-centered counseling is a psycho-dynamically oriented approach due to its belief in dynamic
3. A person’s need for positive regard can cause him or her to act in a manner incongruent to who he or
4. According to person-centered counseling, individuals will tend to drift towards those individuals who
5. The organismic valuing process will naturally lead a person to a positive self-image except if people
8. In order to maintain congruence, a person-centered counselor should generally feel compelled to
10. Unconditional positive regard implies that the therapist is approving of everything the client does
13. “Level 5” responses on the Carkhuff scale are generally only made in long-term therapeutic
14. Rogers believed that the individual’s need to be regarded by others is so strong, that a person will
15. Rogers had a phenomenological perspective on the individual, which means that he believed