19. During the American Revolution, those loyal to the British crown were often called
a. Patriots.
b. Whigs.
c. Tories.
d. Hessians.
e. Subjects.
20. During the American Revolution colonists divided into which three groups?
a. Tories, Patriots, and the undecided middle
b. Tories, Loyalists, and King’s Men
c. Patriots, Whigs, and Tories
d. King’s Men, Tories, and the undecided middle
e. Patriots, King’s Men, and Loyalists
21. Colonial Loyalists believed that the British constitution was more likely to __________
than the American revolutionary leadership.
a. deprive them of essential rights and privileges
b. grant them special favor for supporting the King
c. protect colonial rights and liberties
d. infringe on the right to bear arms
e. install a monarchy in the colonies after the Revolution
22. By the end of the American Revolution, American Patriots had decided
a. a true democracy was impossible and incompatible with their new republican ideology.
b. the British monarchy could have been modified to allow for better representation in the
colonies.
c. separation of power and republican government were the only true protections of liberty.
d. being subjects of the British Crown was tolerable and not worth the bloodshed of the
war.
e. the creation of states would have little impact on the new government.
23. Which of the following statements is accurate?
a. Loyalists were often city folk and Catholics.
b. Loyalists were most often Philadelphians.
c. Loyalists hated Anglicans.
d. Loyalists came from all over the colonies, but especially seaports.
e. Loyalists feared the English constitution.
24. When Loyalists fled to Canada, which of the following occurred?
a. The American government compensated them for their lost property.
b. They left all runaway slaves behind.
c. Their return was courted by the United States.
d. The American government confiscated their abandoned property.
e. Their departure went unnoticed.
25. Which of the following correctly describes the changes experienced by American citizens
after the American Revolution?
a. They enjoyed more freedoms.
b. They had fewer freedoms.
c. They were much worse off.
d. They were unsure of themselves.
e. They experienced a return to antiquity.
26. The government of the United States of America established by the revolutionaries is best
described as
a. a limited monarchy.
b. an aristocracy.
c. an oligarchy.
d. a representative democracy.
e. a direct democracy.
27. When the American Revolution ended, the predominant type of government in Europe was
a. monarchy.
b. aristocracy.
c. oligarchy.
d. democracy.
e. tyranny.
28. According to the textbook, the new __________ that arose in the aftermath of the American
Revolution remain(s) unique in history.
a. tariff laws
b. state constitutions
c. city councils and county governments
d. Supreme Court system
e. powers of federal taxation
29. Which of the following was part of the structure of national government under the Articles
of Confederation?
a. A set process for enforcing its ordinances
b. The levying of taxes
c. A lack of involvement in state disputes
d. The appointment of a chief executive
e. The lack of a federal court system
30. Among the political changes engendered by the Revolution was
a. allowing women to run for political office.
b. lowering the voting age to 18.
c. an expansion of voting rights for many men.
d. placing term limits on Congress.
e. depriving free blacks the right to hold political office.
31. In the aftermath of the American Revolution, Americans
a. relied upon the English model of limited monarchy.
b. turned to Europe for advice and financial aid.
c. found society largely unchanged.
d. embraced a new, exciting sense of common nationality.
e. offered equality to Native Americans.
32. Which of the following statements about the concept of complete freedom of religion was
true?
a. It was always present in British colonies.
b. It appeared only after the American Revolution.
c. It was copied from the French.
d. It included the Native American faiths.
e. It ignored Catholicism.
33. Which of the following British policies or efforts during the American Revolution
backfired, and how?
a. The British offered enslaved blacks freedom in return for fighting for their cause, but
most of these enslaved blacks escaped before they reached the battlefield.
b. The British recruitment of enslaved blacks to join the military and their allowing them
to use arms led to many southerners joining the Patriot forces.
c. The British rallied the support of Loyalist colonists during the war by causing them to
fear the Patriots, but the Patriots rarely treated the Loyalists with violence.
d. More than 50 percent of the American colonists were Loyalists because the British
promised them the ability to return to England, but most Loyalists adopted the Patriots’
cause and remained in America at the end of the war.
e. The British visited the French inhabitants in Canada in hope of convincing them to aid
the war effort, but this visit resulted in many of their soldiers dying from a smallpox
outbreak.
34. Which statement regarding black participation in the American Revolution is accurate?
a. The American government freed slaves who fought for the Patriot cause.
b. No blacks, free or slave, were allowed to fight.
c. The British freed thousands of runaway slaves who fought for them.
d. Washington and Jefferson were comfortable with the idea of slaves fighting for
America.
e. American slave masters trusted their slaves to be loyal.
35. Whereas the Revolution inspired northerners to end slavery in their states, southerners
believed they were fighting to
a. make slavery legal in the new western states.
b. perpetuate the foreign slave trade.
c. abolish only the foreign slave trade.
d. prevent the British from freeing their slaves.
e. move from a system of slavery to indentured servitude.
36. Which of the following statements correctly describes the state of women’s rights at the end
of the American Revolution?
a. Women could vote.
b. Women could preach.
c. Women were less educated than men.
d. Women could buy or sell property.
e. Women could hold elected office.
37. Which of the following statements accurately describes the status of women after the end of
the Revolutionary War?
a. All women found their lives greatly improved as a result of the war, especially
politically.
b. Women experienced no changes in status as a result of the war.
c. As a result of the war, American women had fewer rights than ever before.
d. There were new opportunities to broaden women’s roles in society.
e. The war made traditional gender roles even more appealing to women.
38. During the American Revolution, Abigail Adams wrote to her husband John and asked that
a. women be given greater liberties and protections.
b. he join the military.
c. slavery be expanded to include more areas of the colonies.
d. he support the Loyalist cause.
e. laws be put in place forbidding women from engaging in politics.
39. Patriot leader and future president John Adams believed that giving more rights to women
a. would reward women for their help on the battlefield during the American Revolution.
b. would lead to blacks and Native Americans also demanding rights.
c. would protect America’s future and increase liberty in the republic.
d. was only moral and logical.
e. was necessary to prevent women from rebelling against the new government.
40. Which of the following correctly describes most of the Native American tribes during the
American Revolution?
a. They chose to ally with the Americans.
b. They chose to ally with the British.
c. They chose to try and remain neutral.
d. They moved to new territories.
e. They saw their lives get better.
ESSAY
1. Discuss the validity of the following assertion: “Without the cooperation of the French,
American victory in the Revolution would not have been possible.”
2. Describe the ways in which the American Revolution was a “civil war” between the
American colonies and Great Britain.
3. Discuss the social effects of the Revolution. In what areas was the revolutionary promise or
spirit most fulfilled? In what areas was it least fulfilled?
4. How “revolutionary” was the American Revolution? Discuss the political, social, and
religious changes that resulted.
5. Explain the social changes—or the lack thereof—for women and blacks (free and slave) in
America after the Revolution. Did American leadership oppose these sorts of changes in
any way?
MATCHING
Match each person or group with one of the following descriptions.
a. Provided Washington with key assistance
at Yorktown
b. Wrote The American Crisis
c. Held the army together at Valley Forge
d. Was the American commander in the
South known as the “fighting Quaker”
e. Was a brutal British leader in the South
f. Was a major American peace negotiator
g. Believed the British could win the
Revolution in one glorious battle
h. Taught the Continental Army to march,
shoot, and attack in formation
i. Were German soldiers of fortune who
fought for the British
j. Ended Benedict Arnold’s plot and was
hanged as a spy
1. Hessians
2. General Howe
3. Benjamin Franklin
4. Baron von Steuben
5. Admiral de Grasse
6. George Washington
7. Thomas Paine
8. Nathanael Greene
9. Banastre Tarleton
10. John André