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Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
1. Language that reduces individuals to a single characteristic is considered disrespectful.
a. True
b. False
2. Because using off-color language helps speakers to convey the depth of emotion they feel about a topic, using off-
colored language is recommended in many instances of speech giving.
a. True
b. False
3. Personification is used to focus an audience’s attention on the actual speaker, rather than an imaginary speaker.
a. True
b. False
4. To be memorable, the language of public speaking should be the same as the language of everyday chitchat.
a. True
b. False
Distinguish figures and tropes
5. A figure is a change to the structure of a phrase that lends an ear-catching quality and highlights important content.
a. True
b. False
Explain the figures of repetition and contrast, and construct your own
6. One of the keys to effective repetition is to cluster repetitions consistently throughout the speech.
a. True
b. False
7. A trope is a change in the way words and concepts are used that gives those words and concepts a new meaning.
a. True
b. False
Describe the principles for matching verbal style to the topic and the occasion
8. It’s best to carefully choose when to use tropes and figures and to choose to use them sparingly.
a. True
b. False
9. Progression uses grammatical repetition to create a sense of movement.
a. True
b. False
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10. When you make choices to change the style techniques you will include in your speech, you also make changes to the
evidence you will use.
a. True
b. False
11. If your speech is about an everyday topic, you should make your speech seem more important by using complicated
metaphors and examples.
a. True
b. False
Explain the tropes of comparison, substitution, exaggeration, and voice, and construct your own
12. Metaphors are best used to make unfamiliar things seem familiar.
a. True
b. False
13. If you rearrange words for emphasis or effect, but don’t change their meaning, you’re using trope.
a. True
b. False
14. Figures of contrast work best when the two contrasted things are similar.
a. True
b. False
15. Language that generalizes a group of people in a positive way is generally considered acceptable, while language that
generalizes a group of people in a negative way is generally considered unacceptable.
a. True
b. False
16. Both overstatement and understatement are acceptable means of ironic exaggeration that put a particular perspective
on an event.
a. True
b. False
17. When you carefully consider your style choices you’re influencing your audience’s perception of your speech,
therefore style choices are manipulative and should be avoided.
a. True
b. False
Discuss the importance of language that is concrete, lively, and respectful
18. The choice of words and use of language, known as “style,” builds on the fact that spoken language allows for
different ways of saying the same thing.
a. True
b. False
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19. Figures and tropes should be used to highlight unimportant points to make them seem more important.
a. True
b. False
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Explain the figures of repetition and contrast, and construct your own
20. A figure of contrast is best used when __________.
a. the two things being contrasted are very different
b. the two things being contrasted are very similar
c. you use many different contrasts at the same part in your speech
d. the things you are contrasting are separated by a few sentences in your speech
e. none of these choices
21. When making choices about the appropriate style for your speech, your textbook suggests you should ask yourself
which of the following questions?
a. If an audience remembers only two things, what would I want those two things to be?
b. How can I make every sentence overwhelmingly interesting?
c. Have I included too many figures and tropes?
d. Have I included off-colored language?
e. none of these choices
22. Repetition of “I am” in the following phrase, “I am intelligent. I am responsible. I am human,” is an example of a
__________.
a. trope
b. simile
c. metaphor
d. figure
e. none of these choices
23. The most important effect of using concrete language is __________.
a. it makes your speech more exciting
b. it creates extraordinary images using normal objects and events
c. it grounds abstract ideas so the audience can better understand what you’re talking about
d. all of these choices
e. none of these choices
24. Repetition with progression is best used for __________.
a. highlighting a specific quotation or point as important
b. creating a sense of movement in the speech
c. linking together extraordinary words and tropes
d. highlighting a specific quotation or point as important and linking together extraordinary words and tropes
e. none of these choices
25. Common similes such as “cold as ice,” or “dry as a bone,” are ineffective because __________.
a. they don’t stimulate thought because the audience already understands what they are supposed to mean
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b. they don’t add anything to the speech because they aren’t precise enough
c. they don’t add anything to the speech because they are too short
d. all of these choices
e. none of these choices
Explain the tropes of comparison, substitution, exaggeration, and voice, and construct your own
26. Extended similes such as, “Your body is like a machine: you take fuel in, you produce heat and do work and you
produce waste products,” have a[n] __________ effect on the audience.
a. mystifying
b. explanatory
c. negative
d. confusing
e. none of these choices
27. Which of the following is an example of an antithesis, or a “putting of opposites together”?
a. one small step for a man; one giant leap for mankind
b. Swiftly and silently, Jim hacked the watermelon into small pieces.
c. brave as a rabbit
d. bread is like a candy
e. none of these choices
28. You should use metonymy when __________.
a. trying to create higher emotion in the audience
b. trying to direct audience attention to a specific aspect of a whole
c. trying to reorder a well-known phrase
d. all of these choices
e. none of these choices
Distinguish figures and tropes
29. Tropes are different than figures because __________.
a. tropes use different or novel definitions of words while figures use different or novel ordering of words
b. figures create wonderful mental images while tropes deal with concrete meanings
c. figures are concerned with numerical values while tropes deal with language
d. tropes and figures are the same thing
e. none of these choices
30. A metaphor such as “Blood is life” is a trope because __________.
a. metaphors create non-literal definitions or word meanings
b. metaphors use an interesting word order
c. metaphors can draw attention to certain key points the speaker wants to make
d. all of these choices
e. none of these choices
31. Respectful language is important to a successful speech because __________.
a. public speaking is designed with an audience—and a public—in mind so you have to speak in a way that includes
as many people as possible
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b. it is illegal to use disrespectful, off-colored language in a public speaking setting
c. disrespectful, off-colored language doesn’t express strong emotion
d. all of these choices
e. none of these choices
Discuss the importance of language that is concrete, lively, and respectful
32. Choosing between, “It’s hot outside, and I am tired,” or “Its boiling out there, I’m exhausted!” is a choice of
__________.
a. style
b. content
c. figures
d. respectful language
e. none of these choices
Describe principles for matching verbal style to the topic and the occasion
33. The speaker’s chosen style of language should __________.
a. be able to sway any audience
b. be adapted to the occasion and the audience
c. be able to fit with any topic
d. be consistent no matter what the topic
e. all of the above
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Answer Key
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